Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Astragalus Fascicolifolius Manna Abortifacient Risk And Effects On Sex Hormones In Balb/C Mice, Mehrdad Shahrani, Najmeh Asgharzadeh, Soleiman Kheiri, Roya Karimi, Arezo Sadeghimanesh, Shirin Asgharian, Zahra Lorigooini

BioMedicine

Background: Astragalus fascicolifolius manna is used to treat different diseases. Because pregnant women tend to use Astragalus. fascicolifolius and Iranian traditional medicine emphasizes the abortifacient potential of this plant, this study aimed to investigate Astragalus fascicolifolius manna abortifacient property and effects on estrogen, progesterone, LH and FSH levels in BALB/c mice.

Method: This experimental study was conducted with 70 female BALB/c mice assigned to seven groups: Nonpregnant, untreated; nonpregnant, Astragalus. fascicolifolius extract (400 mg/kg)-treated; pregnant, Astragalus. fascicolifolius extract (400, 800 and 1200 mg/kg)-treated; and two pregnant control groups. On 18 and 19 days of pregnancy, cesarean section performed …

Multiple Myeloma With Intracranial And Spinal Intradural Metastasis: A Case Report, Der-Cherng Chen, Wei-Lin Hsu

BioMedicine

Multiple myeloma is a hematopoietic cancer that is multicentric and most commonly involves the spine. Multiple myeloma with extraosseous and intradural involvement is an extremely rare condition. Here we present a rare case of spinal multiple myeloma with intracranial and spinal intradural metastasis causing lumbar spinal nerve compression. We present a 60-year-old woman with progressive weakness of the lower limbs for several weeks. Spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a leptomeningeal tumor with nodularity spreading within the cauda equina. Examination of the brain using MRI showed a lytic skull bone lesion and leptomeningeal enhancement. The patient underwent L3-5 laminectomy. Immunohistological …

A Unique Intraluminal Growth Of Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma: A Case Report, Mojtaba Mohammadi Ardehali, Shirin Irani, Mohammadreza Firouzifar

BioMedicine

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a rare, hypervascular, benign tumor which is mainly seen among male adolescents. The tumor typically originates from the sphenopalatine fossa, but could spread through natural foramens and fissures. There are some reports of atypical growth of this tumor in literature but the intraluminal growth, which could be seen in paraganglioma and glomus tumors, has not reported yet in angiofibroma. In this article we present a case of extensive angiofoibroma with intraluminal involvement of the ophthalmic vein. Our patient was a 19-year-old boy with a complaint of nasal obstruction and occasional epistaxis since a year ago, …

Effect Of Hydroalcoholic Allium Atroviolaceum L. On The Pathology Of Testicular Tissue In Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice, Mehrdad Shahrani, Shirin Asgharian, Alireza Hosseini, Elham Bijad, Maryam Anjomshoa, Ayoob Rostamzadeh, Najmeh Asgharzadeh, Zahra Lorigooini

BioMedicine

Background: The most important side effects of Cyclophosphamide, as an anticancer broad-spectrum drug, are the negative effects on the reproduction and fertility because of oxidative stress. Considering the antioxidant properties of medicinal plants, especially those of the Allium genus, this paper studied the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Allium atroviolaceum L. on the pathology of testicular tissue in CP-treated mice.

Methods: Groups of this experimental study consisted of normal saline recipients; three groups receiving A. atroviolaceum extract at 50, 100, 200 mg/kg; three groups receiving A. atroviolaceum extract at 50, 100, and 200 mg/g and 6.6 mg/kg of Cyclophosphamide; …

Application Of Artificial Neural Network In Predicting Ei, Elahe Allahyari

BioMedicine

Introduction: Emotional intelligence (EI) constitutes a whole set of non-cognitive capabilities, competencies, and skills that affect one’s ability to deal successfully with environmental demands and pressures. Different factors such as gender, age, education, place of residence, etc. can influence this variable. Nevertheless, the influence of a multitude of factors involved in behavioral phenomena cannot often be controlled.

Purpose: Therefore, some difficulty may often raise in finding associations between these variables using regression models as regression models are built on restrictive assumptions.

Methods: In these cases, models such as artificial neural networks are excellent alternatives to regression models. In this …

A Review On Recent Advancements In Diagnosis And Classification Of Cancers Using Artificial Intelligence, Priyanka Ramesh, Ramanathan Karuppasamy, Shanthi Veerappapillai

BioMedicine

Artificial intelligence has illustrated drastic changes in radiology and medical imaging techniques which in turn led to tremendous changes in screening patterns. In particular, advancements in these techniques led to the development of computer aided detection (CAD) strategy. These approaches provided highly accurate diagnostic reports which served as a “second-opinion” to the radiologists. However, with significant advancements in artificial intelligence strategy, the diagnostic and classifying capabilities of CAD system are meeting the levels of radiologists and clinicians. Thus, it shifts the CAD system from second opinion approach to a high utility tool. This article reviews the strategies and algorithms developed …

Association Between Parkinson’S Disease And Proton Pump Inhibitors Therapy In Older People, Shih-Wei Lai

BioMedicine

Objectives. The study was to explore the association between Parkinson’s disease and proton pump inhibitors use. Methods. A population-based case-control study was conducted to analyze the 2000-2013 database of Taiwan National Health Insurance

Program. In total, there were 4280 participants aged ≥ 65 years with newly diagnosed Parkinson’s disease as the case group and 4280 sex- and age-matched participants without Parkinson’s disease as the control group. Ever use of proton pump inhibitors was defined as participants who had at least a prescription for proton pump inhibitors before the index date. Never use of proton pump inhibitors was defined …

Frequency Of Monocyte Subsets Is Linked To The Severity Of Atherosclerosis In Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease: A Case-Control Study, Irina V. Kologrivova, Tatiana Suslova, Olga Koshelskaya, Oksana Trubacheva, Olga Haritonova, Irina Vinnitskaya

BioMedicine

Background: Monocytes are recognized as central cells in the progression of atherosclerosis, and are subcategorized into classical (CD14++CD16^lo), intermediate (CD14++CD16^hi) and non-classical (CD14+CD16^hi) subsets.

Purpose: The present study aimed to assess the relationships between different subsets of monocytes, metabolic and inflammatory factors in patients with stable coronary heart disease.

Methods: A total of 26 patients (both men and women) with stable ischemic heart disease (IHD). Among all the recruited patients, 17 patients had significant coronary artery disease defined as diameter stenosis more than 70%. Severity of CHD was assessed by the Gensini score (GS). …

Incidence Of Pedicle Breach Following Open And Minimally Invasive Spinal Instrumentation: A Postoperative Ct Analysis Of 513 Pedicle Screws Applied Under Fluoroscopic Guidance, Xue Ling Chong, Aravind Kumar, Eugene Wei Ren Yang, Arun-Kumar Kaliya-Perumal, Jacob Yoong-Leong Oh

BioMedicine

Background: Even though pedicle screw application is a common procedure, and in-spite of spine surgeons being proficient with the technique, mal-positioning of pedicle screws can still occur. We intend to determine by postoperative CT analysis, the incidence of pedicle screw breach in the thoracolumbar spine despite satisfactory intraoperative placement confirmed by fluoroscopy.

Materials and Methods: Consecutive patients diagnosed with thoracolumbar fractures who underwent open or minimally invasive posterior stabilization under fluoroscopic guidance were retrospectively reviewed. Postoperative CT scans of patients were analysed to determine the incidence of pedicle breach despite satisfactory intraoperative placement, and also to determine the factors that …

Evaluation Of The Level Of Biomolecules Isolated From Date Palm Seeds (Phoenix Dactylifera L) And In Vitro Antioxidant Property, Najla Bentrad Dr, Rabéa Gaceb-Terrak

BioMedicine

Date palm fruits and by-products such as seeds are a source of various elements with significant nutritional values like fibres, minerals, essential fatty acids, amino acids and phenolic compounds. The experimental part was carried out on date palm seeds from Bent Kbala cultivar, the chemical composition of the organic fraction was determined using the method of UV-visible spectrophotometer, thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD).

The results revealed the presence of catechic tannins and approximately 17 phenolic compounds, including two compounds, which were identified for the first time in the date palm sub-product, especially in seeds …

Cyclohexylamine, An Active Compound From Toddalia Asiatica, Contracts Epididymal Vas Deferens Via Serotonergic Receptors, Yuh-Fung Chen, Yu-Wen Wang, Ih-Sheng Chen, Huei-Yann Tsai

BioMedicine

Background: Toddalia asiatica of Rutaceae, a Taiwan folk medicine, is used as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory herb. Cyclohexylamine (CHA) is an active compound from T. asiatica. Previous reports indicate CHA contracts rat vas deferens. However, the contractile mechanism of CHA on rat vas deferens was not yet reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contractile mechanism of CHA on rat epididymal portion of vas deferens.

Methods: Male S.D. rats weighting between 200 g to 250 g were used. The epididymal portion of vas deferens was isolated and was added with various concentrations of serotonin, serotonin antagonists …

Silver Sulfadiazine’S Effect On Keratin-19 Expression As Stem Cell Marker In Burn Wound Healing, Dewi Sukmawati, Astheria Eryani, Lia Damayanti

BioMedicine

Background: Burn wounds are one of the causes of cutaneous injury that involve both epidermal and dermal layers of skin. Silver sulfadiazine (SSD) has been widely used to treat burn wounds, however recent studies have found the treatment to have some drawbacks, such as cellular toxicity effects. Cutaneous wound regeneration is known to start from the basal layer of the epidermal epithelial cells, which are enriched with highly proliferative cells. Keratin-19 (K19) is one of the epidermal stem cell biomarkers found in the skin. This study aims to explore the expression of K19 in burn wound tissue and to …

Longitudinal Data Of Multimorbidity And Polypharmacy In Older Adults In Taiwan From 2000 To 2013, Shih-Wei Lai, Kuan-Fu Liao, Cheng-Li Lin, Cheng-Chieh Lin, Chih-Hsueh Lin

BioMedicine

Objective. The objective of the study was to evaluate the prevalences and trends of multimorbidity and polypharmacy in older adults in Taiwan.

Methods. An observational study was performed using the 2000-2013 database of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program (analysis in 2018). Participants³ 65 yearswere included in the study. Multimorbidity was defined as participants having two or more chronic diseases annually. Polypharmacy was defined as the average daily number of prescribed medications ≥ 5.

Results. The prevalences of multimorbidity were 42.4% in 2000 and 56% in 2013. The prevalences of polypharmacy were 22.9% in 2000 and 32.1% in 2013.

Conclusions. …

Transverse Myelitis Masquerading As Cauda Equina Syndrome, Stroke And Cervical Myelopathy, Sally Shin Jie Chan, Arun-Kumar Kaliya-Perumal, Quan You Yeo, Jacob Y.L. Oh

BioMedicine

Transverse myelitis is an uncommon but well-defined neurological syndrome. However, a high index of suspicion is needed to diagnose this condition, especially when it occurs in concomitance with preexisting spinal canal stenosis. We report our patient, a 48 year old male, who initially presented to our spine clinic with acute onset unilateral lower limb weakness associated with urinary retention, which was suspected to be cauda equina syndrome due to a prolapsed intervertebral disc. However, initial magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed only mild spinal canal stenosis from L2-L5 and C3- C6 levels; thus, the possibility of cauda equina syndrome was ruled …

Hyperuricemia Might Be An Early Manifestation Of Undiagnosed Adult Leukemia In A Population-Based Cohort Study, Shih-Wei Lai, Cheng-Li Lin, Kuan-Fu Liao

BioMedicine

Background/Objective. No published population-based study investigates the association between hyperuricemia and undiagnosed adult leukemia in Taiwan. The aim of the study was to investigate whether hyperuricemia might be an early manifestation of undiagnosed adult leukemia in Taiwan. Methods. A population-based cohort study was conducted to analyze the database of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program. There were 47708 subjects aged 20 to 84 years with newly diagnosed hyperuricemia as the hyperuricemia group from 2000 to 2013, and 190832 randomly selected subjects without hyperuricemia as the non-hyperuricemia group. The hyperuricemia group and the non-hyperuricemia group were followed for one …

Evaluating Co-Occurrence Of Depression And Sexual Dysfunction And Related Factors Among Iranian Rural Women: A Population-Based Study, Raheleh Khademi, Seyed Hamzeh Hosseini, Hamid Sharif Nia, Soghra Khani

BioMedicine

Background and Objectives: Sexual dysfunction and mood disorders have a high prevalence rate and their co-occurrence has been reported in previous studies. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of co-occurrence of sexual dysfunction and depression and related factors in women.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was carried out on 826 married rural women aged 15-49 years in Sari, Iran in 2018, selected by random sampling. The participants filled the demographic and fertility questionnaires, as well as Beck’s Depression Inventory and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI).

Results: In this study, 18% of the participants experienced the co-occurrence of depression …

Effect Of Evening Primrose Oil On Postoperative Pain After Appendectomy: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Clinical Trial, Manijeh Y. Moghadam, Mohammad Nemat-Shahi, Davood Soroosh, Mahbobeh Nemat-Shahi, Atefeh Asadi

BioMedicine

Background and objective: Despite advances in surgical techniques and pharmacology, postoperative pain remains a common problem after appendectomy, and its management continues to be suboptimal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of evening primrose oil on the reduction of postoperative pain after appendectomy.

Materials and Methods: In a double-blind, randomized, clinical trial, a total of 80 adults patients with acute appendicitis who were undergoing appendectomy at the Shahid Beheshti Emdad Hospital in Sabzevar, were included. Patients were randomly allocated into two equally sized groups (n=40). In postoperative period and after recovering from the anesthesia, …

An Immunohistochemical Study Of Her2 Expression In Primary Brain Tumors, Mazaher Ramezani, Shadi Siami, Mansour Rezaei, Sedigheh Khazaei, Masoud Sadeghi

BioMedicine

Background: Primary brain tumors (PBTs) include any tumor in the brain whose prognosis is weak because of their histological characteristics. Aim: Herein, this study aimed to assess the HER2 tumor marker frequency in PBTs. Materials and methods: This study was done on the samples of primary brain tumor diagnosis from 2008 to 2015. Results: Out of 107 patients of brain tumor that had a mean age of 40.4 years (61.7% men), the most common location of the tumor was in the supratentorial region (63.85% cases). The prevalence of high-grade astrocytoma (HGA) and low-grade astrocytoma (LGA) at diagnosis was 43.9% …

Methods Of Effective Low-Level Laser Therapy In The Treatment Of Patients With Bronchial Asthma, Sergey Vladimirovich Moskvin, Aleksandr A. Khadartsev

BioMedicine

Bronchial asthma is an autoimmune disease, one of the most common and practically non-treatable by standard methods. At present, the used drugs only maintain a state of temporary remission, simultaneously having a negative effect on various organs and structures and causing side effects.

At the same time, the experts have ignored more than 50 years of successful experience of low-level laser therapy, the results of hundreds of studies proving the effectiveness of the method in treating patients with all forms of bronchial asthma. It is proved that therapeutic and periodic (2-4 per year) courses of low-level laser therapy can significantly …