Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Synergistic Effects Of Methylglyoxal And Hyperglycemia On Ros Generation And The Viability Of Cultured H9c2 Myoblast Cells, Robinderpal Sandhu, Dylan Lefkovitz, Al Ibe, Alisa Kim, Peter Wieczorek, Dean Delgado, Robert J. Barsotti, Lindon H. Young, Qian Chen

Research Day

Heart damage in diabetics may be closely related to the possible synergistic cellular damage from hyperglycemia and increased methylglyoxal levels. This study investigated the effects of glucose and/or methylglyoxal and/or metformin on H9c2 reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation measured by a dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) assay and cell viability measured by a cell counting kit-8 assay after various treatments for 24 hours.

Glucose treatment (5 mM-40 mM) displayed similar cell viability (n=4) and ROS generation (n=7) when compared to control cells. By contrast, methylglyoxal (5 µM-1400 µM) decreased cell viability at higher concentration (1000 µM (51 ± 8%); 1200 µM (41 …

A Correlative Blood Assay To Monitor Patients At Risk For Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy, Angeleah Dadivas, Kinjal Parikh, John Kennedy, Amy Brady, Margaretha Wallon

Research Day

Introduction: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a disabling side effect of platinum-based chemotherapies like cis-, oxali- and carboplatin. While not all patients experience this effect, those that do are at risk for lifelong neuropathy. Platinum-based therapies cause bursts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can trigger structural changes in peripheral nerves including neuronopathy, axonopathy and/or myelinopathy. Glutathione, an antioxidant, plays an important role in redox homeostasis. The recycling of glutathione can be determined by the ChemoTox assay and the aim of this study was to examine its ability to predict CIPN.

Methods: Blood drawn from consented and chemotherapy …

Use Of A Custom Macro In Analysis Of Rat Sciatic Nerve Sections, Daniel R. Whiteman, Peter Tang, Hongkyun Kim, Clifford Voight, Mark C. Miller

Research Day

Introduction: Technology is a powerful analytic tool. This abstract outlines the use of a custom macro to analyze rat sciatic nerve histology sections as part of a larger study to evaluate functional and histologic outcomes after segmental nerve injury. The problem facing analysis of nerve sections is that the microscopic features of a nerve, such as the individual axon, cannot be viewed on the same scale as the entire nerve bundle. The goal of this analysis was to extrapolate the average total values of axon count, axon density, fiber diameter, and myelin thickness on a nerve section image taken at …

Plastination Procedure @ Pcom: Current Practice And Future Uses, Derek D. Jolley, Vishwant R. Tatagari, Kerin M. Claeson

Research Day

Introduction: Since its invention by German anatomist Gunther von Hagens, the process of forced-impregnation plastination of organic specimens has become the standard for the preservation of biological tissue specimens. This practice serves as the most practical method to preserve these specimens for study and is utilized at PCOM regularly for this purpose. During the steps of plastination, aqueous and lipid tissues are replaced by a curable polymer to produce plastinates that do not decompose, can be handled without gloves, and retain most characteristics of the original specimens. For decades, PCOM used this method to prepare a permanent teaching collection …

Liposclerosing Myxofibrous Tumor Of The Cranial Vault, Jillian Ploof, Hamza Shaikh, Jenny Melli, George Jour, Alan Turtz

Research Day

Background and Importance: Liposclerosing myxofibrous tumor (LSMFT) are rare benign fibro-osseous tumors most frequently occurring in the proximal femur. We report the first case of this rare tumor occurring within the calvarium.

Clinical Presentation: Our patient presented with a 2-year history of enlarging, painless, fixed mass over the left forehead. She underwent surgical resection and the mass was histologically confirmed to be a liposclerosing myxofibrous tumor.

Conclusion: LSMFT is a rare tumor that should remain on the differential for lesions of the calvarium. When diagnosed, this lesion can be removed with the goal of gross total resection and …

Endovascular Intervention And Management Of Pediatric Mandibular Arteriovenous Malformation: A Case Report, Craig Schreiber, Hamza Shaikh

Research Day

Arteriovenous malformation of the mandible are a rare and potentially life threatening entity. Exsanguination from these lesions is a well documented event. Management of these lesions is unfortunately unclear and unstandardized due to their rare occurrence. Their presentation is wide and varied ranging from complaints of a loose tooth to acute hemorrhage and shock. Currently a multidisciplinary approach that typically involves input from oral maxillofacial surgeons (OMFS), otolaryngologists, and endovascular neurointerventionalists is required to manage these lesions. Often these lesions require both endovascular intervention and surgical resection. Due to the lesions high rate of recurrence and proximity to vital structures, …

A Case Series: Pre-Operative Internal Maxillary Artery Embolization Before Temporomandibular Joint Reconstruction, Amber Valeri, Joseph Georges, Carl Bifano, Hayan Dayoub, Hamza Shaikh

Research Day

Introduction: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is an often-disfiguring pathology causing significant reduction in mandibular mobility leading to disability in mastication, digestion, speech, and oral hygiene. Caused by trauma, radiation, infection, and iatrogenic injury, TMJ ankylosis requires complete excision of the ankylosing mass following by arthroplasty. Substantial hemorrhage during this procedure, up to 3.7L, resulting from injury to the internal maxillary artery (IMA) as it courses around the ankylosing mass may occur. There are few data to recommend pre-operative IMA embolization, though a case series describing two patients who underwent the procedure describes significant decrease in intra-operative blood loss. Our aim …

Bilateral Femoroacetabular Impingement: The Fate Of The Asymptomatic Hip, Ibrahim Azboy, Hasan Huseyin Ceylan, Hamed Vahedi, Hannah Groff, Javad Parvizi

Research Day

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of bilateral femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) in a consecutive group of patients and to evaluate the fate of the asymptomatic hip with

FAI.

Method: Between 2004 to 2016, 652 patients presented with hip pain arising from underlying FAI. Diagnosis of FAI was made based on clinical symptoms and imaging. 557 patients (646 hips) were included for the final analysis. Of these, 170 patients had bilateral radiological diagnosis of FAI. Of these, 88 patients presented with bilateral hip symptoms. The remaining 82 patients had unilateral hip symptoms. Of these 82 patients, …

Penoscrotal Transposition: A Cadaveric Review, Paul Lecker, Dominic Parfianowicz, Jayaram Kumaraswamy, Sean Deangelo, Michael Mcguinness

Research Day

Introduction: With only 20 documented cases, the congenital malformation known as complete extreme penoscrotal transposition with an intact scrotum, midline raphe, and absence of hypospadias is an extremely rare abnormality. Penoscrotal transposition occurs when the scrotum fuses above the penis for a complete abnormality or does not fuse at all for an incomplete abnormality. This failure of the scrotum to descend below the penis occurs during development, when the genital swellings fail to descend below the penis and fuse. The irregularity has been known to follow an X-linked recessive pattern in some cases. In others, it results from a …

Epithelioid Glioblastoma Presenting As Aphasia In A Young Adult With Ovarian Cancer: A Case Report, Megan M. Finneran, Joseph Georges, Michael Kakareka, Ryan Moncman, Miriam Enriquez, Alan Turtz, Steven S. Yocom, H Warren Goldman, James Barresse

Research Day

Background: Epithelioid glioblastoma (eGBM) is a recent addition to the World Health Organization’s classification of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. This rare lesion has a predilection for younger patients, can mimic metastatic disease on preoperative imaging and intraoperative pathology, and portends a poor prognosis due to propensity for leptomeningeal dissemination.

Case Description: We discuss a case of a young woman with a history of ovarian cancer who presented with seizure and a new ring-enhancing left temporal brain lesion. The patient underwent gross-total surgical resection of this lesion, during which frozen section suggested metastasis. However, pathologic interrogation showed pleomorphic epithelioid cells …

Fluorescence-Guided Stereotactic Biopsy: A Proof-Of-Concept Study, Robert Lynagh, Joseph Georges, Mark Ishak, Brandon Boyer, Steven S. Yocom, Denah Appelt

Research Day

Introduction: Histopathological diagnoses are often necessary for treating neuro-oncology patients. However, stereotactic biopsy (STB), a common method for obtaining tissue from deep or eloquent brain regions, fails to yield diagnostic tissue in approximately 10% of cases. This can delay initiation of treatment and may result in further invasive procedures for patients. Here, we evaluate if coupling in vivo optical imaging with a STB system can identify diagnostic tissue at the time of biopsy.

Methods: A minimally invasive fiber optic imaging system was developed by coupling a 0.65mm diameter fiber optic fluorescence microendoscope to a STB system. Human glioma …