Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Fine Particle Emissions From Tropical Peat Fires Decrease Rapidly With Time Since Ignition, Christopher Roulston, Clare Paton-Walsh, T E L Smith, Elise-Andree Guerette, S Evers, C Yule, G Rein, G R. Van Der Werf

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Southeast Asia experiences frequent fires in fuel-rich tropical peatlands, leading to extreme episodes of regional haze with high concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) impacting human health. In a study published recently, the first field measurements of PM 2.5 emission factors for tropical peat fires showed larger emissions than from other fuel types. Here we report even higher PM 2.5 emission factors, measured at newly ignited peat fires in Malaysia, suggesting that current estimates of fine particulate emissions from peat fires may be underestimated by a factor of 3 or more. In addition, we use both field and …

Flammability Dynamics In The Australian Alps, Philip J. Zylstra

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Forests of the Australian Alps (SE Australia) are considered some of the most vulnerable to climate change in the country, with ecosystem collapse considered likely for some due to frequent fire. It is not yet known, however, whether increasing fire frequency may stabilize due to reductions in flammability related to reduced time for fuel accumulation, show no trend, or increase due to positive feedbacks related to vegetation changes. To determine what these trends have been historically, dynamics were measured for 58 years of mapped fire history. The 1.4 million ha forested area was divided into broad formations based on structure …

Animal Host-Microbe Interactions, Bethany J. Hoye, Andy Fenton

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The ecology of infectious diseases, as we currently recognise it, has been a major field of scientific research for over a century. Since the early work of John Snow, describing the epidemiology of cholera in 1850s London, and Ronald Ross, describing the transmission dynamics of malaria at the end of the 19th century, through the mathematical models of Kermack & McKendrick in the 1920s, and Anderson & May's revolutionary modelling of infectious disease dynamics in the late 1970s, the field of disease ecology has always sought to combine cutting‐edge analytical and theoretical tools with observational and experimental data to understand …

Positive Severity Feedback Between Consecutive Fires In Dry Eucalypt Forests Of Southern Australia, James Barker, Owen F. Price

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Fire regimes have long-term effects on ecosystems which can be subtle, requiring study at a large spatial scale and temporal scale to fully appreciate. The way in which multiple fires interact to create a fire regime is poorly understood, and the relationship between the severities of consecutive fires has not been studied in Australia. By overlaying remotely sensed severity maps, our study investigated how the severity of a fire is influenced by previous fire severity. This was done by sampling points at 500-m spacing across 53 fires in dry eucalypt forests of southeast Australia, over a range of time since …

Assessment Of Antarctic Moss Health From Multi-Sensor Uas Imagery With Random Forest Modelling, Darren Turner, Arko Lucieer, Zbynek Malenovky, Diana H. King, Sharon A. Robinson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Moss beds are one of very few terrestrial vegetation types that can be found on the Antarctic continent and as such mapping their extent and monitoring their health is important to environmental managers. Across Antarctica, moss beds are experiencing changes in health as their environment changes. As Antarctic moss beds are spatially fragmented with relatively small extent they require very high resolution remotely sensed imagery to monitor their distribution and dynamics. This study demonstrates that multi-sensor imagery collected by an Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) provides a novel data source for assessment of moss health. In this study, we train a …

Effect Of Captivity On Morphology: Negligible Changes In External Morphology Mask Significant Changes In Internal Morphology, Stephanie Kirsten Courtney Jones, Adam J. Munn, Phillip G. Byrne

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Captive breeding programmes are increasingly relied upon for threatened species management. Changes in morphology can occur in captivity, often with unknown consequences for reintroductions. Few studies have examined the morphological changes that occur in captive animals compared with wild animals. Further, the effect of multiple generations being maintained in captivity, and the potential effects of captivity on sexual dimorphism remain poorly understood. We compared external and internal morphology of captive and wild animals using house mouse (Mus musculus) as a model species. In addition, we looked at morphology across two captive generations, and compared morphology between sexes. We found no …

Long-Term Effect Of Prescribed Burning Regimes And Logging On Coarse Woody Debris In South-Eastern Australia, Mitchell G. Stares, Luke Collins, Bradley S. Law, Kris French

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Coarse woody debris (CWD) is vital within forest ecosystems for an array of fauna. Forest management practices, such as prescribed burning and logging, influence the creation or loss of CWD. We examined the effect of long-term prescribed burning and logging on (i) the abundance of hollow-bearing CWD, (ii) the volume of CWD in different decay classes, (iii) the probability of hollow presence, and (iv) the size of hollows at a long- term (28 years) experimental site. Volume of CWD in moderate and advanced stages of decomposition decreased with increasing fire frequency while moderately decomposed material was higher in logged plots. …

Soil Carbon In Australian Fire-Prone Forests Determined By Climate More Than Fire Regimes, Robert Sawyer, Ross A. Bradstock, Michael Bedward, R John Morrison

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Knowledge of global C cycle implications from changes to fire regime and climate are of growing importance. Studies on the role of the fire regime in combination with climate change on soil C pools are lacking. We used Bayesian modelling to estimate the soil % total C (% C Tot ) and % recalcitrant pyrogenic C (% RPC) from field samples collected using a stratified sampling approach. These observations were derived from the following scenarios: 1. Three fire frequencies across three distinctive climate regions in a homogeneous dry sclerophyll forest in south-eastern Australia over four decades. 2. The effects of …

Are Underground Coal Miners Satisfied With Their Work Boots?, Jessica Dobson, Diane L. Riddiford-Harland, Alison F. Bell, Julie R. Steele

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Dissatisfaction with work boot design is common in the mining industry. Many underground coal miners believe their work boots contribute to the high incidence of lower limb injuries they experience. Despite this, the most recent research to examine underground coal mining work boot satisfaction was conducted over a decade ago. This present study aimed to address this gap in the literature by assessing current mining work boot satisfaction in relation to the work-related requirements for underground coal mining. 358 underground coal miners (355 men; mean age = 39.1 ± 10.7 years) completed a 54-question survey regarding their job details, work …

Experiences Of Registered Nurses Transitioning From Employment In Acute Care To Primary Health Care - Quantitative Findings From A Mixed-Methods Study, Christine Ashley, Elizabeth J. Halcomb, Angela M. Brown, Kathleen Peters

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Aims and objectives: To describe the experiences of registered nurses who transition from acute to primary health care (PHC) employment.

Background: Internationally the provision of health care in PHC settings is increasing. Nurses are moving from acute care employment to meet the growing demand for a PHC workforce. However, little is known about the transition experiences of these nurses.

Design: A sequential mixed-methods study comprising a survey, and semi-structured interviews. This study reports on survey findings relating to the transition experience.

Methods: Convenience and snowballing techniques were used to recruit 111 registered nurses who had transitioned …

Coarse-Sand Beach Ridges At Cowley Beach, North-Eastern Australia: Their Formative Processes And Potential As Records Of Tropical Cyclone History, Toru Dr Toru Tamura, William A. Nicholas, Thomas S. Oliver, Brendan P. Brooke

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Storm surges generated by tropical cyclones have been considered a primary process for building coarse-sand beach ridges along the north-eastern Queensland coast, Australia. This interpretation has led to the development of palaeotempestology based on the beach ridges. To better identify the sedimentary processes responsible for these ridges, a high-resolution chronostratigraphic analysis of a series of ridges was carried out at Cowley Beach, Queensland, a meso-tidal beach system with a > 3 m tide range. Optically stimulated luminescence ages indicate that 10 ridges accreted seaward over the last 2500 to 2700 years. The ridge crests sit +3·5 to 5·1 m above Australian …

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity Of Chemical Constituents Isolated From Miliusa Thorelii, Thanika Promchai, Tongchai Saesong, Kornkanok Ingkaninan, Surat Laphookhieo, Stephen G. Pyne, Thunwadee Ritthiwigrom

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Two new dihydrooxoprotoberberine alkaloids; miliusathorines A (1) and B (2), a new natural flavone, miliusathorone (3), together with twenty-two known compounds (4-25) were isolated from the combined stem and root extract and the leaf extract of Miliusa thorelii. The structures of all isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and mass spectrometry. All compounds were evaluated for their acetylcholinesterase activities. Miliusathorine A (1) and norushisunine had the best AChE inhibitory activities, however these were weak inhibitors when compared to the standard galantamine.

Measuring The Outcomes Of Nursing Practice: A Delphi Study, Jenny Sim, Patrick A. Crookes, Kenneth D. Walsh, Elizabeth J. Halcomb

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Aims and objective: To develop nursing-sensitive patient indicators to measure the outcomes of nursing practice.

Background: Nurses play an important role in the healthcare system, yet there is no consensus on how the impact of nursing work should be evaluated. Limited research has previously examined the views of clinical nurses on the important concepts for measuring nursing practice.

Design: A four-round modified Delphi survey sought opinions from patients and nurses about the relevant concepts and their relative priority as indicators of quality nursing practice.

Method: Round 1 comprised semi-structured interviews with patients and nurses to identify …

Dynamic Topography Of Passive Continental Margins And Their Hinterlands Since The Cretaceous, R. Dietmar Muller, Rakib Hassan, Michael Gurnis, Nicolas Flament, Simon E. Williams

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Even though it is well accepted that the Earth's surface topography has been affected by mantle-convection induced dynamic topography, its magnitude and time-dependence remain controversial. The dynamic influence to topographic change along continental margins is particularly difficult to unravel, because their stratigraphic record is dominated by tectonic subsidence caused by rifting. We follow a three-fold approach to estimate dynamic topographic change along passive margins based on a set of seven global mantle convection models. We first demonstrate that a geodynamic forward model that includes adiabatic and viscous heating in addition to internal heating from radiogenic sources, and a mantle viscosity …

Resolution And Identification Of Scalemic Caged Xanthones From The Leaf Extract Of Garcinia Propinqua Having Potent Cytotoxicities Against Colon Cancer Cells, Teerayut Sriyatep, Cholpisut Tantapakul, Raymond J. Andersen, Brian O. Patrick, Stephen G. Pyne, Chatchai Muanprasat, Sawinee Seemakhan, Suparerk Borwornpinyo, Surat Laphookhieo

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

A new scalemic 8,8a-dihydro caged xanthone (1) was isolated from the leaf extract of Garcinia propinqua. Five other known natural products, the three caged xanthones (2, 5 and 6) and the two neocaged xanthones, (3 and 4) were also isolated as scalemic mixtures. Their structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods. The enantiomeric ratios (er) of compounds 1-6 ranged from 1:0.7 to 1:0.9. These compounds were also resolved by semipreparative chiral HPLC. The absolute configurations of (+)-2 and (+)-3 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis using Cu Kα radiation while the absolute configurations of the other compounds were determined by …

Migratory Animals Feel The Cost Of Getting Sick: A Meta-Analysis Across Species, Alice Risely, Marcel Klaassen, Bethany J. Hoye

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Migratory animals are widely assumed to play an important role in the long-distance dispersal of parasites, and are frequently implicated in the global spread of zoonotic pathogens such as avian influenzas in birds and Ebola viruses in bats. However, infection imposes physiological and behavioural constraints on hosts that may act to curtail parasite dispersal via changes to migratory timing ("migratory separation") and survival ("migratory culling"). There remains little consensus regarding the frequency and extent to which migratory separation and migratory culling may operate, despite a growing recognition of the importance of these mechanisms in regulating transmission dynamics in migratory animals. …

Active Migration Is Associated With Specific And Consistent Changes To Gut Microbiota In Calidris Shorebirds, Alice Risely, David Waite, Beata Ujvari, Bethany J. Hoye, Marcel Klaassen

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Gut microbes are increasingly recognised for their role in regulating an animal's metabolism and immunity. However, identifying repeatable associations between host physiological processes and their gut microbiota has proved challenging, in part because microbial communities often respond stochastically to host physiological stress (e.g. fasting, forced exercise or infection). Migratory birds provide a valuable system in which to test host-microbe interactions under physiological extremes because these hosts are adapted to predictable metabolic and immunological challenges as they undergo seasonal migrations, including temporary gut atrophy during long-distance flights. These physiological challenges may either temporarily disrupt gut microbial ecosystems, or, alternatively, promote predictable …

Impact Of Climate Change And Human Activity On Soil Landscapes Over The Past 12,300 Years, Leo Rothacker, Anthony Dosseto, Alexander Francke, Allan Chivas, Nathalie Vigier, Anna M. Kotarba-Morley, Davide Menozzi

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Soils are key to ecosystems and human societies, and their critical importance requires a better understanding of how they evolve through time. However, identifying the role of natural climate change versus human activity (e.g. agriculture) on soil evolution is difficult. Here we show that for most of the past 12,300 years soil erosion and development were impacted differently by natural climate variability, as recorded by sediments deposited in Lake Dojran (Macedonia/Greece): short-lived ( < 1,000 years) climatic shifts had no effect on soil development but impacted soil erosion. This decoupling disappeared between 3,500 and 3,100 years ago, when the sedimentary record suggests an unprecedented erosion event associated with the development of agriculture in the region. Our results show unambiguously how differently soils evolved under natural climate variability (between 12,300 and 3,500 years ago) and later in response to intensifying human impact. The transition from natural to anthropogenic landscape started just before, or at, the onset of the Greek 'Dark Ages' (~3,200 cal yr BP). This could represent the earliest recorded sign of a negative feedback between civilization and environmental impact, where the development of agriculture impacted soil resources, which in turn resulted in a slowdown of civilization expansion.

Why We Shouldn't Be Too Quick To Blame Migratory Animals For Global Disease, Alice Risely, Bethany J. Hoye, Marcel Klaassen

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Have you ever got on a flight and the person next to you started sneezing? With 37 million scheduled flights transporting people around the world each year, you might think that the viruses and other germs carried by travellers would be getting a free ride to new pastures, infecting people as they go. Yet pathogenic microbes are surprisingly bad at expanding their range by hitching rides on planes. Microbes find it difficult to thrive when taken out of their ecological comfort zone; Bali might just be a tad too hot for a Tasmanian parasite to handle.

Self-Evacuation Archetypes In Australian Bushfire, Ken Strahan, Joshua Whittaker, John Handmer

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Australian householders respond to bushfire in diverse and complex ways according to their circumstances and characteristics. They tend not to simply make a binary decision to evacuate from or remain at their property, or simply to 'wait and see' what happens before they decide. Seven self-evacuation archetypes displaying universally recognisable, fundamentally human characteristics were identified through cluster and discriminant function analysis of data from 457 householders who had recently experienced a bushfire. These seven archetypes characterise the diverse attitudes and behaviour of typical groupings of householders faced with making a protective decision during a bushfire. The archetypes comprise those who …

What Is All This Fuss About Tus? Comparison Of Recent Findings From Biophysical And Biochemical Experiments, Bojk A. Berghuis, Vlad Raducanu, Mohamed M. Elshenawy, Slobodan Jergic, Martin Depken, Nicholas E. Dixon, Samir M. Hamdan, Nynke H. Dekker

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Synchronizing the convergence of the two-oppositely moving DNA replication machineries at specific termination sites is a tightly coordinated process in bacteria. In Escherichia coli, a "replication fork trap"-found within a chromosomal region where forks are allowed to enter but not leave-is set by the protein-DNA roadblock Tus-Ter. The exact sequence of events by which Tus-Ter blocks replisomes approaching from one direction but not the other has been the subject of controversy for many decades. Specific protein-protein interactions between the nonpermissive face of Tus and the approaching helicase were challenged by biochemical and structural studies. These studies …

Development Of A Seamless, High-Resolution Bathymetric Model To Compare Reef Morphology Around The Subtropical Island Shelves Of Lord Howe Island And Balls Pyramid, Southwest Pacific Ocean, Michelle Linklater, Sarah Hamylton, Brendan P. Brooke, Scott L. Nichol, Alan Jordan, Colin D. Woodroffe

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Lord Howe Island and Balls Pyramid are located approximately 600 km offshore of the southeastern Australian mainland, in the subtropical waters of the northern Tasman Sea. Lord Howe Island hosts the most southern coral reef in the Pacific Ocean, and the shelves surrounding both islands feature fossil coral reefs. This study creates a seamless, high-resolution (5 m cell size) bathymetry model of the two shelves to compare and contrast the extent of reef development and shelf morphology. This was produced by integrating satellite-derived depth data (derived to 35 m depth) and multibeam echosounder (MBES) data. Image partitioning and filtering improved …

Dietetics Students' Construction Of Competence Through Assessment And Placement Experiences, Claire Palermo, Janeane Dart, Andrea Begley, Eleanor J. Beck, Rachel Bacon, Judith Tweedie, Lana Mitchell, Judith Maher, Danielle Gallegos, Meredith A. Kennedy, Jane Kellett, Claire Margerison, Ruth Crawford, Wendy Stuart-Smith

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Aim: Competency standards are widely adopted as a framework to describe standards of performance required inthe workplace. Little is known, however, about how students construct competence. This qualitative study aimed toexplore how dietetics students ready to graduate construct the concept of competence and the role of assessment indeveloping professional competence.Methods: A qualitative description was used to gather data from a convenience sample of students ready to gradu-ate from universities with accredited dietetics programs across Australia (10 out of 15 at the time of the study).A total of 11 focus groups were conducted to explore perspectives of competence and experiences of …

Development And Validation Of A Written Credentialing Examination For Overseas-Educated Dietitians, Neville G. Chiavaroli, Eleanor J. Beck, Catherine Itsiopoulos, Paul Wilkinson, Kay Gibbons, Claire Palermo

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Aim Health professionals seeking employment in foreign countries are commonly required to undertake competency assessment in order to practice. The present study aims to outline the development and validation of a written examination for Dietetic Skills Recognition (DSR), to assess the knowledge, skills, capabilities and professional judgement of overseas-educated dietitians against the competency standards applied to dietetic graduates in Australia. Methods The present study reviews the design, rationale, validation and outcomes of a multiple choice question (MCQ) written examination for overseas-educated dietitians based on 5 years of administration. The validity of the exam is evaluated using Messick's validity framework, which …

Exploring Approaches To Dietetic Assessment Of A Common Task Across Different Universities Through Assessment Moderation, Claire Palermo, E Volders, S Gibson, Meredith A. Kennedy, A Wray, J Thomas, Mary Hannan-Jones, Danielle Gallegos, Eleanor J. Beck

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background: Assessment presents one of the greatest challenges to evaluating health professional trainee performance, as a result of the subjectivity of judgements and variability in assessor standards. The present study aimed to test a moderation procedure for assessment across four independent universities and explore approaches to assessment and the factors that influence assessment decisions. Methods: Assessment tasks designed independently by each of the four universities to assess student readiness for placement were chosen for the present study. Each university provided four student performance recordings for moderation. Eight different academic assessors viewed the student performances and assessed them using the corresponding …

Intervention Among Suicidal Men: Future Directions For Telephone Crisis Support Research, Tara Hunt, Coralie J. Wilson, Alan Woodward, Peter Caputi, Ian G. Wilson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Telephone crisis support is a confidential, accessible, and immediate service that is uniquely set up to reduce male suicide deaths through crisis intervention. However, research focusing on telephone crisis support with suicidal men is currently limited. To highlight the need to address service delivery for men experiencing suicidal crisis, this perspective article identifies key challenges facing current telephone crisis support research and proposes that understanding of the role of telephone crisis helplines in supporting suicidal men may be strengthened by careful examination of the context of telephone crisis support, together with the impact this has on help-provision for male suicidal …

Validation And Comparison Of A Model Of The Effect Of Sea-Level Rise On Coastal Wetlands, Laura Mogensen, Kerrylee Rogers

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Models are used to project coastal wetland distribution under future sea-level rise scenarios to assist decision-making. Model validation and comparison was used to investigate error and uncertainty in the Sea Level Affecting Marshes Model, a readily available model with minimal validation, particularly for wetlands beyond North America. Accurate parameterisation is required to improve the performance of the model, and indeed any spatial model. Consideration of tidal attenuation further enhances model performance, particularly for coastal wetlands located within estuaries along wave-dominated coastlines. The model does not simulate vegetation changes that are known to occur, particularly when sedimentation exceeds rates of sea-level …

Sample Preparation For Determination Of Comminution Ages In Lacustrine And Marine Sediments, Alexander Francke, Sally Carney, Patrick Wilcox, Anthony Dosseto

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The uranium isotope composition ( 234 U and 238 U) of detrital matter has become an essential tool for evaluating the response of erosion and catchment dynamics to climate variability on geological time scales. Relative variability of the ( 234 U/ 238 U) activity ratio can be used as an estimate of the time that has elapsed since physical and chemical weathering has formed grains < 63μm, termed comminution age, as a result of ongoing depletion of 234 U in detrital matter. However, as non-detrital (authigenic, endogenic) components are commonly enriched in 234 U, sequential extraction methods are required to carefully remove any non-detrital matter from the sediments. Herein, we tested different methods, which use similar chemical reactants but differ in terms of applied heat and time. Based on the results, it can be inferred that an ultrasound-assisted approach enables the removal of non-detrital matter from the sediments without alternating the isotope ratio of the detrital grain, and provides a high reproducibility of the ( 234 U/ 238 U) activity ratios. Moreover, it is the fastest, and thus, most cost effective method tested. Fast and cost-effective treatment methods are a prerequisite for high-resolution studies on long paleoenvironmental records, and thus, these results are fundamental for the further development of U isotope analyses as a tool for the reconstruction of past erosion and catchment dynamics in response to climate variability.Combined U isotopes and gas absorption surface area analyses on two sediment samples from the Mediterranean Sea yield comminution ages up to 5 times older after sample treatment, which highlights the importance of a comprehensive removal of non-detrital matter from the bulk sediment composition. Moreover, gas sorption analysis allowed determining whether a fractal correction for calculation of the recoil fraction should be applied. Precise estimates of the recoil fraction are crucial for calculating the comminution ages, as it governs the loss of 234 U from detrital matter. Samples analyzed in this study display Type II isotherms suggesting a non-porous or macroporous surface. Micro- and mesopores, which increase the surface area during gas absorption analyses but do not contribute to the loss of 234 U are absent. Thus, a fractal correction to account for micro- and mesopores is not required.

Investigating Compound Flooding In An Estuary Using Hydrodynamic Modelling: A Case Study From The Shoalhaven River, Australia, Kristian Kumbier, Rafael Cabral Carvalho, Athanasios T. Vafeidis, Colin D. Woodroffe

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Many previous modelling studies have considered storm-tide and riverine flooding independently, even though joint-probability analysis highlighted significant dependence between extreme rainfall and extreme storm surges in estuarine environments. This study investigates compound flooding by quantifying horizontal and vertical differences in coastal flood risk estimates resulting from a separation of storm-tide and riverine flooding processes. We used an open-source version of the Delft3D model to simulate flood extent and inundation depth due to a storm event that occurred in June 2016 in the Shoalhaven Estuary, south-eastern Australia. Time series of observed water levels and discharge measurements are used to force model …

National Sediment Compartment Framework For Australian Coastal Management, Bruce G. Thom, I G Eliot, M Eliot, Nicholas Harvey, David Rissik, Chris Sharples, Andrew D. Short, Colin D. Woodroffe

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The concept of coastal sediment compartments was first used in the 1960s in the United States. It has since been recognised as appropriate for defining sections of the Australian coast, but had not been uniformly adopted around the nation in the way that has underpinned management, as in other countries. In 2012, the Australian Government supported a project to better understand coastal sediment dynamics using the sediment compartment approach as a framework within which to consider future shoreline behaviour and the impacts of climate change, including rising sea level, changing wave climates and sediment budgets. This paper outlines the sediment …