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Full-Text Articles in Agronomy and Crop Sciences
Average Annual Requirements, Production, Import And Export Of Legumes And Grass Seeds In Yugoslavia (Serbia And Montenegro) Up To The Year 2000, B Radenovic
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
F.R. Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro), in the period from 1995 to 2000, will have sufficient lucerne seeds, of the local varieties and production, and will be able to produce for export from 300 to 500 tons of seeds for foreign varieties registered in our Variety List. For the known customer in Yugoslavia, Serbia, the production of lucerne seeds can be organized in accordance with wishes of foreign partners including varieties that have not been registered, but in such a case a special permit from relevant state authorities would be required, and provided that all produced quantities of lucerne variety that …
Forage And Protein Production Per Hectare Using Different Species For Interseeding, J A. Josifovich, J O. Scheneiter
Forage And Protein Production Per Hectare Using Different Species For Interseeding, J A. Josifovich, J O. Scheneiter
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The objective was to test the efficiency of different species for interseeding in relation to forage and crude protein production. Avalability of forage and crude protein were evaluated every spring, after 60 days rest. The design was a split-split plot: in an Argiudol soil legumes were the whole plot, grasses subplot and fertilizer subsubplot. Dry matter accumulation did not show any difference in relation to treatments in three of four springs. Crude protein showed differences in three of four springs, being interseeding better than control. Interseeding of old pastures resulted in a good practice to keep the balance legume-grass, as …
Pasture Life Lengthening And Beef Production Increase Through Interseeding, J A. Josifovich, J O. Scheneiter
Pasture Life Lengthening And Beef Production Increase Through Interseeding, J A. Josifovich, J O. Scheneiter
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The objective of the trial was to evaluate the influence of pasture interseeding with grasses and legumes on the forage production and liveweight gains by steers. Four year pastures were interseeded with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), brome (Bromus unioloides HBK.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.). There were two treatments with two replications: interseeding and control, grazed by steers. For four periods forage availability did not show differences. Legume percentage was higher in interseeding. The animal daily gains were higher in the interseeded treatment in the first two periods, but decreased with …
Animal Productivity And Dynamics Of Native Pastures Improved With Oversown Legumes In Uruguay, D F. Risso, E J. Berretta
Animal Productivity And Dynamics Of Native Pastures Improved With Oversown Legumes In Uruguay, D F. Risso, E J. Berretta
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Natural pastures in large areas of Uruguay can be improved by fertilization with phosphorus (P) and surface sowing of adapted legumes, promoting an increased forage production and quality, with the consequent higher carrying capacity and better animal performance. A study was conducted to evaluate two improved grasslands with two stocking rates under rotational grazing. Such improvements resulted from the oversowing of: 1) white clover (Trifolium repens) plus birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus); and 2) annual lotus (Lotus subbiflorus). In these pastures, with important presence of legumes, a higher frequency of C3 and winter species, high levels …
Nutrient Uptake And Growth Stimulation Of Grasses And Legumes By Rhizosphere Microorganisms, G Hoflich
Nutrient Uptake And Growth Stimulation Of Grasses And Legumes By Rhizosphere Microorganisms, G Hoflich
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Selected Rhizobium bacteria and mycorrhiza fungi by single and combinated inoculation stimulate the growth and the nutrient uptake (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) of alfalfa and alfalfa-grass more than that of red clover and red clover grass. The extra yield was higher on loamy sand than on sandy loam. The proportion of legumes should be 60 to 66 % as a requirement to get positive inoculation effects and an effective N2-fixation in legumegrass- mixtures.
The Effect Of Fertiliser History On Nutrient Accumulation And Plant-Available Nutrient Supply In Legume-Based Pasture Soils, J L. Moir, M J. Hedley, A D. Mackay, R W. Tillman
The Effect Of Fertiliser History On Nutrient Accumulation And Plant-Available Nutrient Supply In Legume-Based Pasture Soils, J L. Moir, M J. Hedley, A D. Mackay, R W. Tillman
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Animal production in New Zealand is dependent on pastoral legumes to build soil nitrogen fertility, which otherwise limits the growth of the major sward component, grass. Traditionally, in order to sustain legume vigour, single superphosphate has been applied to elevate soil phosphorus and sulphur levels. Rarely have either the agronomic or nutrient efficiencies of these systems been assessed. Fourteen hill country pasture sites in three broad rainfall regimes were chosen to assess the effect of contrasting fertiliser histories on soil fertility, in particular nitrogen availability. At each site soil fertility indices and pasture production for the 1993/94 growing season were …
The Use Of Legumes For Improvement Of Fallow Land In Small Holder Farming Systems, P C. Kerridge, L H. Franco
The Use Of Legumes For Improvement Of Fallow Land In Small Holder Farming Systems, P C. Kerridge, L H. Franco
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Two legumes, centro (Centrosema macrocarpum) and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), were evaluated for their ability to improve the productivity of fallow land as assessed by a following maize crop. Maize yields were increased after 12 or 18 months of managed legume fallow. Adoption of legumes for improvement of fallow land will depend on ease of establishment and alternative uses for the legume or whether they regenerate naturally.
Salinity Responses In Some Forage Legume Species, M E. Rogers
Salinity Responses In Some Forage Legume Species, M E. Rogers
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The salt tolerances of more than 70 lines and species of forage legumes were evaluated in a series of greenhouse experiments, with the aim of identifying plant material that is more salt tolerant than some of the more traditionally-grown, temperate, forage legume species. Several species or lines showed potential as salt tolerant germplasm including sweet clover (Melilotus albus), berseem clover (T. alexandrinum) cvv. Mescani and Wardan, woolly clover (T. tomentosum), birdsfoot treefoil (L. Corniculatus), slender birdsfoot treefoil (Lotus tenuis) and Trifolium squamosum. However, further selection and field evaluation is required in order to …
Phosphorus Requirements In Legumes: Calibration Of A Rapid And Simple Tissue Test, A Moron
Phosphorus Requirements In Legumes: Calibration Of A Rapid And Simple Tissue Test, A Moron
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The objective of this research was to adjust and calibrate a phosphorus (P) tissue test to diagnose in a simple and rapid manner the nutritional status of commonly used legumes in Uruguay. Field experiments conducted during 1993-94 with four legumes, showed a significant yield response to increasing P fertilizer rates. A colorimetric sap analysis was used to determine P status in legumes. A strong relationship was found between P sap analysis and relative yields. A critical level of 90-100 μg P/ml in sap to attain 90% of the maximum yield was obtained.
The Role Of Leguminous Browse Plants In A Cool Mediterranean Enviornment, P A. Lane, R Reid, D Parsons
The Role Of Leguminous Browse Plants In A Cool Mediterranean Enviornment, P A. Lane, R Reid, D Parsons
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
There is considerable scope for improving the productivity and persistence of pasture systems, in the temperate low rainfall zones (< 550 mm annual rainfall) of Australia and New Zealand. Alternative pasture species, including leguminous browse plants, have potential to increase the diversity and stability of these pasture systems. The genus Dorycnium (canary clover), has previously been identified as containing a number of species with desirable forage and soil conservation characteristics. Preliminary investigations have indicated that at least two species, D. rectum and D. hirsutum, produce significant quantities of forage in the year of establishment and are palatable to sheep. It is proposed that these plants may provide a valuable source of forage on land which currently lacks productive and persistent pasture. Forage produced by these plants would be allowed …
Ecogeographic Assessment Of Mediterranean Environments For Targeting Legume Collections, S J. Bennett
Ecogeographic Assessment Of Mediterranean Environments For Targeting Legume Collections, S J. Bennett
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The mediterranean area is the centre of diversity for many of the legume species of agricultural importance and their wild relatives. Ecogeographical assessments are a method of determining the areas within the mediterranean that are homologous with a particular area within southern Australia. Using Geographical Information Systems the distribution of legume species are mapped and related to other climatic and edaphic factors. Using this data it is possible to show which areas of the mediterranean have been well collected and where the edaphic requirements of a species can be found and therefore where to collect it. The detail of an …
Integrating Plant Secondary Metabolites And Foraging Behavior To Enhance Animal Health In Ruminant Production Systems, J. J. Villalba, J. W. Macadam, S. Van Vliet, F. D. Provenza
Integrating Plant Secondary Metabolites And Foraging Behavior To Enhance Animal Health In Ruminant Production Systems, J. J. Villalba, J. W. Macadam, S. Van Vliet, F. D. Provenza
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Legumes and forbs contain bioactives or plant secondary compounds (PSC) with potential to enhance animal health through their antibiotic, antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties that are evident even at small dietary concentrations. In turn, ruminants can regulate their ingestion of PSC through behavioral mechanisms that allow for the efficient achievement of homeostasis. High concentrations of PSC lead to food avoidance, whereas lower content of PSC in the diet achieved through regulatory mechanisms of ingestion could promote medicinal and/or prophylactic effects in the animal and concomitant health benefits to milk and meat products. Under this context, we discuss the restructuring of rangelands …
Comparison Of Two Low-Input Cow/Calf Production Systems On Temperate Grassland, W. B. Bryan, Mata Padrino, E. Felton, E. C. Prigge, V. W. Temu, O. J. Gekara
Comparison Of Two Low-Input Cow/Calf Production Systems On Temperate Grassland, W. B. Bryan, Mata Padrino, E. Felton, E. C. Prigge, V. W. Temu, O. J. Gekara
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Two systems of grass farming were compared in an eight-year experiment in West Virginia, USA. The grassland consisted primarily of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerara L.), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), and red (Trifolium pretense L.) and white clover (T. repens L.). The objective was to compare two systems of beef cow calf production. The experiment was a randomized complete block with two replicated treatments. The grassland of treatment 1 (system 1) was overseeded with legumes, grazing started 1 wk earlier and continued 1 wk later than treatment 2 (system 2) and …
Cool-Season Annual Legumes And Forbs For Grazing And Cover Crop Systems, S. L. Dillard
Cool-Season Annual Legumes And Forbs For Grazing And Cover Crop Systems, S. L. Dillard
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Annual forage legumes and non-leguminous forbs can be used to interseed into perennial forage grasses or as a short-term grazing option between row crop rotations. Diversification of cropping systems by increasing number or type of cover crops in crop rotation plays an important role in improving land-use efficiency and in promoting sustainable agriculture. Legumes and other broadleaf forages provide increased forage digestibility and crude protein as a result of their greater leaf-to-stem ratio. In the Southeast U.S, few novel cultivars have been released in the last 20 years, resulting in the reliance on only a few forage cultivars and species. …
Harvest Time Determine Biomass And Nutritive Value Of Forage Soybean In The Northwestern Loess Plateau Of China, An Dong, Jean Marie Vianney Nsigayehe, Y. Y. Shen
Harvest Time Determine Biomass And Nutritive Value Of Forage Soybean In The Northwestern Loess Plateau Of China, An Dong, Jean Marie Vianney Nsigayehe, Y. Y. Shen
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Soybean is a critical legume crop, which can be used as high protein forage in a crop-forage rotation system to supplement forage and increase system productivity. According to the actual production demand, selecting a suitable harvest time and the best feeding variety of soybean can provide a theoretical basis for applying forage soybean in a rotation system. In this study, four forage soybean varieties were selected in the Loess Plateau of northwest China. They were harvested on three dates suitable for local rotation conditions, and their biomass and nutritive value were evaluated. At the early harvest (20 August), the nutritive …
Amphicarpic Legumes For Tropical Pasture Persistence, R Schultze-Kraft, A Schmidt, H Hohn
Amphicarpic Legumes For Tropical Pasture Persistence, R Schultze-Kraft, A Schmidt, H Hohn
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Amphicarpy, by which a plant produces underground seeds in addition to aerial fruits, is found in many plant families and in species of at least 15 legume genera. First studies on the tropical Centrosema rotundifolium and subtropical Macroptilium panduratum revealed for both species, besides their stoloniferous growth habit, two important mechanisms for survival under unfavorable conditions: (1) Underground meristems and reserve organs, and (2) regeneration from a soil seed reserve based on underground, aerial-flowering independent, seed production. Underground seed production was for both species particularly high on very sandy soils, but amphicarpy enables the plants to exhibit a plasticity response …