Plant Sciences Commons^™

Integrating Livestock And Cropping Systems: Interseeding Cereal Rye Into Corn For Late Season Grazing, K. J. Soder

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Corn (Zea mays) grown for grain is harvested too late in the year in many temperate regions to establish a cover crop to provide winter ground cover and an opportunity for late season grazing. The objective of this project is to evaluate the effect of interseeding cereal rye (Secale cereale) into corn for use as grazed forage after corn grain harvest on corn grain yield and additional grazing day/ha. In a 4-year study, corn was planted (64,246 plants/ha) in spring on two, 4.8-ha fields in central Pennsylvania. Cereal rye was interseeded (135 kg/ha) into the corn …

Forage Allowance And Daily Gain Relationships On Rye-Ryegrass Pastures At Different Stocking Rates With Continuous And Rotational Stocking, F. M. Rouquette Jr., K. D. Norman, C. R. Long, E. Van Santen

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

‘Maton’ cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) and ‘TAM-90’ annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) are used for winter annual pastures to background stocker cattle in the southeastern US. Rye and ryegrass were sod-seeded into bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] pastures and fixed-stocked at different rates under continuous and 8-paddock rotation methods during each of 7 years to: 1) compare stocking methods for daily gain per animal (ADG) and gain/ha; and 2) quantify relationships of ADG with forage mass and forage allowance. Each of 3 levels of stocking rate, 4.9, 6.4, and 8.6 hd/ha, significantly affected ADG at 1.24, …

Overseeding Cereal Rye And Annual Ryegrass Into Soyabean For Forage As Part Of A Multifunctional Cropping System, L. B. Smith, R. L. Kallenbach

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

In the lower Midwest, the longest period of inadequate forage supply from pasture is from mid- December through mid-March (Matches & Burns, 1995). Livestock producers in this region are looking for high quality forage for winter grazing (Kallenbach et al., 2003). Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) are two forages that Missouri's beef producers are interested in to extend the grazing season. The objective of this research was to determine how seeding date impacts the establishment, growth, and forage production of annual ryegrass and cereal rye when planted into soyabean fields …

Comparing Yield And Quality Of Milk From Dairy Cows Fed Stockpiled Annual Ryegrass (Lolium Multiflorum L.) And Cereal Rye (Secale Cereale L.), L. E. Meinhardt, R. L. Kallenbach

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Stockpiling annual ryegrass and cereal rye provides a low cost substitute to hay and creates an excellent source of feed during winter (Kallenbach et al., 2003). In addition to lowering feed costs, grazing increases the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content of milk compared to feeding hay. Previous research suggested that forage species might differ in their ability to alter milk CLA content during the growing season (Wu et al., 1997). However, research is needed to determine if different forage species used for winter and early spring grazing impacts the CLA content of milk. The objective of this experiment …

Planting Green: Potential Benefits And Disadvantages Of Planting Corn Into Live Cereal Rye Cover Crop, A. Correira, P. Tomlinson, D. Presley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Although cover crops are typically terminated 2–4 weeks prior to cash crop planting, there may be situations where late-burndown or planting into a living cover crop (planting green) may be necessary or even beneficial. This experiment investigated the effect of cover crop termination date on corn (Zea mays) yield and the presence of beneficial insects. Three different termination dates were tested: 4 weeks prior to planting (brown), 7 to 14 days prior to planting (green-brown), and at planting (green), as well as a check treatment with no cover crop planted. The site year by termination date interaction was …

Late-Season Nitrogen Applications Increase Soybean Yield And Seed Protein Concentration, Anuj Chiluwal, Erin R. Haramoto, David F. Hildebrand, Seth Naeve, Hanna J. Poffenbarger, Larry C. Purcell, Montserrat Salmeron

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

Low seed and meal protein concentration in modern high-yielding soybean [Glycine max L. (Merr.)] cultivars is a major concern but there is limited information on effective cultural practices to address this issue. In the objective of dealing with this problem, this study conducted field experiments in 2019 and 2020 to evaluate the response of seed and meal protein concentrations to the interactive effects of late-season inputs [control, a liquid Bradyrhizobium japonicum inoculation at R3, and 202 kg ha⁻¹ nitrogen (N) fertilizer applied after R5], previous cover crop (fallow or cereal cover crop with residue removed), and short- and …

Does Adding Forage Radish Enhance Winter Rye Cover Crops In Northeastern Corn Silage Systems?, Kirsten Cynthia Workman

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

Cover crops play an important role in decreasing erosion and nutrient runoff associated with corn silage production in northern New England. Winter rye (Secale cereal L.) is the primary cover crop species used in this region. While winter rye (rye) monocultures are easily established, they can be challenging to manage in the spring, expensive to establish at recommended seeding rates, and can interfere with the planting of subsequent corn crops. We hypothesized that adding forage radish (Raphunus sativus L.) to a rye cover crop could augment fall performance and enhance the ecosystem services provided by the cover crop and allow …

Cover Crops And Cover Crop Mixes: Stratification Of Biological Effects, Landon M. Gibbs

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

The potential nutrient cycling benefits from legumes (e.g. N₂-fixation) and the high biomass potential of cereal rye are well known. Further studies are warranted to evaluate bi-culture mixtures and their effects on soil nutrient stratification and microbial enzyme activity because these two properties may be differently expressed (enhanced) by legume/grass mixes. The objectives of this study were: (1) show different cover crops and cover crop mixes containing grasses and legumes differentially stratify carbon and N; (2) show the change in microbial enzyme activity in soils planted with individual cover crops relative to cover crop mixes; 3) determine the …

Macronutrient Content Of Winter Annual Cereal Grains With Phosphorus Fertilization, Taylor Anne Young

MSU Graduate Theses

Missouri ranks third in the United States in cow-calf production, and much of the land these cattle graze has acidic soil that is low in plant available phosphorus (P). Proper soil fertility is important to ensure that these forages meet the nutritional requirements of cattle. Tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceum (Schreb.)), has been shown to respond to increased soil P levels with increased growth and leaf concentrations of P, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K). It is unknown if winter annual cereals will respond similarly. The objective of this study is to examine cereal rye (Secale cereal L.), winter wheat …

Integrating Cover Crops And Herbicides For Horseweed [Conyza Canadensis (L.) Cronq.] Management Prior To Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.], Austin Sherman

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

Horseweed (Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.) is prevalent in Kentucky and can be difficult to control. Research has shown multiple weed control methods to be more sustainable than relying on chemical control alone, so the use of multiple methods for horseweed management was examined in this study. The main objective was to determine best practice(s) to reduce horseweed prior to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Treatments included: fall-planted cover crop [CC; cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) or none], fall-applied herbicide (saflufenacil or none), and spring-applied herbicides (dicamba, 2,4-D ester, or none). We hypothesized horseweed densities would be reduced …

Effects Of Phosphorus Availability On Growth And Leaf Nutrient Concentrations In Wheat, Oat, And Cereal Rye, Jerri Lynn Dodson

MSU Graduate Theses

Adequate soil phosphorus (P) is critical for the growth and nutrient content of forages for grazing animals. On low fertility soils, tall fescue responds to P fertilization with increased yields and improved leaf nutrient contents of P, magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and potassium (K) in winter months. My objective was to examine the effect of P availability on growth and leaf nutrients in annual cereal grains commonly grown for winter forage. Soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum), oat (Avena sativa), and cereal rye (Secale cereale) were grown hydroponically in greenhouse conditions in complete nutrient solutions with varying P concentrations of …

Value Of Cover Crops In Suppressing Weeds And Protecting Cotton Yields And Likelihood Of Residual Herbicide Carryover To Cover Crops, Matheus Gabriel Palhano

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Weed-resistance management has become a topic of concern for modern agriculture. Cost related to herbicide usage has increased greatly due to evolution and proliferation of resistant weeds. Therefore, experiments were conducted to investigate the potential for using cover crops to suppress problematic weeds in cotton as well as chemical options for cover crop dessication, and sensitivity of cover crops to residual herbicides were evaluated. No differences were observed for cereal rye biomass production and consequently weed suppression between broadcast and drilled planting methods. Total amount of cover crop biomass was vital to effectively suppress weeds. Hence, of the cover crops …

2015 Kansas Winter Annual Forage Variety Trial, J. D. Holman, T. Roberts, S. Maxwell

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 16 winter annual forage varieties were tested for performance near Garden City, KS, at the Southwest Research-Extension Center in 2014-2015. Winter crops evaluated included wheat, triticale, and cereal rye.

Forage News [2015-09], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Plan to attend KFGC Field Day - September 17, 2015
• Planning for 2016 Heart of America Grazing Conference
• Forage Advice from our Extension Dean
• Managing Cereal Rye and Annual Ryegrass
• Bermudagrass Stem Maggot
• Silage from Flooded Corn
• Enter the SE Hay Contest for Major Prizes
• Persistence an important part of Alfalfa Cutting Equation