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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Plant Sciences
The Effects Of Living Mulches On Organic, Reduced-Till Broccoli Growth And Management, Sarah Elizabeth Broughton
The Effects Of Living Mulches On Organic, Reduced-Till Broccoli Growth And Management, Sarah Elizabeth Broughton
Masters Theses
Conservation tillage programs have been successfully implemented for many agronomic cropping systems, but adoption of reduced tillage for vegetable crops has been slow. As many conventionally managed conservation tillage programs rely on synthetic herbicides for clean cultivation, alternative methods must be devised to suppress weed pressure and reduce reliance on mechanical cultivation to aid in the development of reduced tillage programs for organic cropping system. Strip tillage is a reduced tillage method that is well suited to vegetable crop production, and the utilization of cover crops and living mulches between rows provides a viable weed management option for organic systems. …
An Improved Tissue Culture And Transformation System For Switchgrass (Panicum Virgatum L.), Jason Neil Burris
An Improved Tissue Culture And Transformation System For Switchgrass (Panicum Virgatum L.), Jason Neil Burris
Masters Theses
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), a summer perennial grass native to North America, is currently being explored for its potential use in the production of biofuels. With these interests, genetic manipulation of switchgrass to produce plants that are easier to digest, have an increased resistance to diseases and stresses, and maintain viability longer in the field are required. Therefore, it was necessary to develop a reliable and efficient tissue culture system for the transformation of switchgrass. Current switchgrass tissue culture requires months for regeneration of transformants with relatively poor transformation efficiencies and are limited to derivatives of a single variety, Alamo. We …
Competitive Interactions Between Appalachian Hardwoods And Different Groundcovers On Reclaimed Mine Sites, Adam David Klobucar
Competitive Interactions Between Appalachian Hardwoods And Different Groundcovers On Reclaimed Mine Sites, Adam David Klobucar
Masters Theses
Coal mining is a significant industry in Appalachia. Herbaceous groundcovers are commonly planted to reduce soil erosion and protect water quality during mine reclamation, but many groundcovers may be too competitive to be compatible with trees. The objectives of this research were to investigate the performance of trees planted within different groundcovers and to measure how different groundcovers influence resource availability, specifically soil moisture and light
Two studies were performed; one in a greenhouse and the other on 3 mine sites in east Tennessee where seedlings were planted and grown in competition with different groundcovers. Growth, biomass, leaf area, and …
Control Of Glyphosate Resistant Horseweed (Conyza Canadensis) With Saflufenacil And Tank-Mixture Partners., Brock Steven Waggoner
Control Of Glyphosate Resistant Horseweed (Conyza Canadensis) With Saflufenacil And Tank-Mixture Partners., Brock Steven Waggoner
Masters Theses
Field and labratory studies were conducted to determine the efficacy of saflufenacil alone and with mixture partners for burndown. Field studies were conducted in 2009 and 2010 to evaluate saflufenacil in mixtures with glyphosate, glufosinate, or paraquat for control of glyphosate-resistant (GR) horseweed prior to planting cotton. Saflufenacil and saflufenacil mixtures were applied 7 days before planting (DBP). Saflufenacil at 25 and 50 g ai ha-1 in mixture with all three non-selective herbicides provided similar GR horseweed control when compared to the current standard of glyphosate plus dicamba. Control of GR horseweed was also not different at the 25 and …
Four Aspects Of Dogwood Pollination: Insect Visitation, A Novel Approach To Identify Pollen, Floral Volatile Emission, And Tracking Parentage, Paul Raymond Rhoades
Four Aspects Of Dogwood Pollination: Insect Visitation, A Novel Approach To Identify Pollen, Floral Volatile Emission, And Tracking Parentage, Paul Raymond Rhoades
Masters Theses
Part 1: Visitation of potential pollinators to Cornus florida and C. kousa flowers was assessed in East Tennessee in 2008 and 2009. Data regarding insect visitation rates to multiple trees per location were gathered throughout the flowering period. Diurnal and seasonal variations in visitation were recorded. Pollen coverage was assessed on portions of captured insect exoskeletons that were most likely to contact the stigma. Eleven families in four insect orders were collected from C. florida and 26 families in five orders from C. kousa. The most important pollinators in eastern Tennessee were bees in the Andrenidae and Halictidae. The most …
Effects Of No-Tillage On Crop Yields And Net Returns Across The United States, Dustin Kevin Toliver
Effects Of No-Tillage On Crop Yields And Net Returns Across The United States, Dustin Kevin Toliver
Masters Theses
Farmers are always looking for ways to increase yields and profits and no-tillage may be a way to achieve this goal. However, a comprehensive study of the performance of no-tillage yields relative to conventional tillage yields and their net returns is lacking. This study evaluated the potential factors that influence differences in conventional tillage and no-tillage yields and net returns as explained by such factors as time, crop, precipitation, soil texture and geographic region. Data were collected from 442 paired tillage experiments growing corn, soybeans, cotton, oats, wheat and sorghum published in three refereed journals. Data were evaluated using a …
A Vegetation History From Emerald Pond, Great Abaco Island, The Bahamas, Based On Pollen Analysis, Ian Arthur Slayton
A Vegetation History From Emerald Pond, Great Abaco Island, The Bahamas, Based On Pollen Analysis, Ian Arthur Slayton
Masters Theses
Emerald Pond (26° 32' 12" N, 77° 06' 32" W) is a vertical-walled solution hole in the pine rocklands of Great Abaco Island, The Bahamas. In 2006, Sally Horn, Ken Orvis, and students recovered an 8.7 m-long sediment core from the center of the pond using a Colinvaux-Vohnout locking piston corer. AMS radiocarbon dates on macrofossils are in stratigraphic order and indicate that the sequence extends to ca. 8400 cal yr BP. Basal deposits consist of aeolian sands topped by a soil and then pond sediment, suggesting that the site began as a sheltered, dry hole during a Late Pleistocene …
Drought Response Of Populus Transformed With Stress Response Transcription Factors, Alina S. Campbell
Drought Response Of Populus Transformed With Stress Response Transcription Factors, Alina S. Campbell
Masters Theses
The economic feasibility of producing biomass-based fuels requires high-yielding feedstocks to supply biomass to biorefineries. Populus trees are a potential biomass feedstock due to their high yield, but their high water requirement limits productivity under drought conditions.
The number of genes controlling drought tolerance, and the long generation time for perennial species, slows cultivar development. Accelerated domestication proposes using the sequenced Populus genome to quickly incorporate target traits into productive clones by transgenesis.
Six putative drought tolerance transcription factors: DREB2A, DREB2B, AtMYB, AREB1/ABF2, MYB, and NAC, had been previously identified and manipulated in eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides). Three …
Classification And Fertility Of Soils In The Big South Fork National River And Recreation Area Based On Landscape Position And Geology, Ryan H. Blair
Classification And Fertility Of Soils In The Big South Fork National River And Recreation Area Based On Landscape Position And Geology, Ryan H. Blair
Masters Theses
The Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area encompasses more than 50,585 hectares (125,000 acres) of the Cumberland Plateau along the border of Tennessee and Kentucky. Highly dissected and steep terrain have made accessibility to much of the park limited, thus little work has been done to investigate the formation of these soils. Seven native soil profiles were selected for chemical and physical analysis representing Pennsylvanian-aged acidic sandstone and shale geology and landforms. The objectives of this study included the characterization of selected native profiles by physical and chemical analysis, as well as classification using US Soil Taxonomy, to …
Early Vessel Evolution And The Diversification Of Wood Function: Insights From The Malagasy Canellales, Patrick Joseph Hudson
Early Vessel Evolution And The Diversification Of Wood Function: Insights From The Malagasy Canellales, Patrick Joseph Hudson
Masters Theses
Xylem vessels have long been proposed as a key innovation for the ecological diversification of angiosperms by providing a breakthrough in hydraulic efficiency to support high rates of photosynthesis and growth. However, recent studies demonstrated that angiosperm woods with structurally ‘primitive’ vessels did not have greater whole stem hydraulic capacities as compared to vesselless angiosperms. As an alternative to the hydraulic superiority hypothesis, the heteroxylly hypothesis proposes that subtle hydraulic efficiencies of primitive vessels over tracheids enabled new directions of functional specialization in the wood. However, the functional properties of early heteroxyllous wood remain unknown. We selected the two species …
Comparative Ecophysiology Of American Chestnut Under Different Planting Treatments On Reclaimed Mine Sites, Christopher Ryan Miller
Comparative Ecophysiology Of American Chestnut Under Different Planting Treatments On Reclaimed Mine Sites, Christopher Ryan Miller
Masters Theses
American chestnut was once an abundant species that dominated the Eastern U.S. deciduous forests. Although this species is currently functionally extinct due to the chestnut blight, researchers are working on blight-resistant hybrids in hopes of restoring the species. As one potential vector for chestnut reintroduction and dispersal, the reclamation of mine sites are being considered. Recent research has found that reforestation efforts on these reclaimed mine sites provide productive tree growth while also complying with mine-reclamation laws. Understanding how American chestnut performs physiologically on mine sites will aid in the restoration of this species and reclamation of mine sites.
The …
Effects Of Trinexapac-Ethyl And Winter Overseeding On The Morphological Characteristics And Traffic Tolerance Of Bermudagrass Cultivars, William D. Haselbauer
Effects Of Trinexapac-Ethyl And Winter Overseeding On The Morphological Characteristics And Traffic Tolerance Of Bermudagrass Cultivars, William D. Haselbauer
Masters Theses
Common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] and hybrid bermudagrass [C. dactylon (L.) Pers. X C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy] are some of the most common turfgrasses used on athletic fields. Subsequently, the traffic tolerance of commercially available cultivars and the effects of trinexapac-ethyl (TE) on bermudagrass athletic fields with or without perennial ryegrass are often limited. A two year study at the University of Tennessee was conducted under simulated athletic field traffic to evaluate the performance of bermudagrass cultivars as affected by TE and overseeding. Bermudagrass cultivars evaluated were Tifway, Riviera, Patriot, and Celebration. TE treatments consisted of an untreated …