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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Physiology
Effect Of Somatostatin On Voltage-Gated Calcium Influx In Isolated Neonatal Rat Carotid Body Type I Cells, Eric J. Dunn
Effect Of Somatostatin On Voltage-Gated Calcium Influx In Isolated Neonatal Rat Carotid Body Type I Cells, Eric J. Dunn
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Somatostatin (SST) is a neuropeptide hormone that regulates the release of secondary hormones. Evidence suggests SST plays a neuromodulatory role due to its distribution throughout the central nervous system. Interestingly, SST has been suggested to affect the carotid body, the small peripheral chemoreceptors that regulate breathing. It has been shown that the peripheral chemoreflex sensitivity to CO2 and hypoxia is reduced by SST in humans (Pedersen et al., 1999; Pandit et al., 2014). SST has also been found to inhibit whole cell Ca2+ currents recorded from adult rat carotid body type I cells (e Silva & Lewis, 1995), but the …
Effects Of Sleep Deprivation On Performance In A Water Radial Arm Maze (Wram) Task, Saline Hughes
Effects Of Sleep Deprivation On Performance In A Water Radial Arm Maze (Wram) Task, Saline Hughes
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Sleep deprivation causes many adverse effects on work performance. Many experiments in both human and rodent models reveal detriments that sleep deprivation has on learning and memory, including performance in a water radial arm maze (WRAM) task. This study utilizes the modified multiple platform method (MMPM) of sleep deprivation; rats were sleep deprived in order to study memory errors they may make during the WRAM task. The findings indicate that 6 hours of sleep deprivation for 2 five-day week periods did not affect performance in the WRAM task except on the initial day compared to the large platform group. The …
Factors Determining The Effects Of Human Interaction On The Cortisol Levels Of Shelter Dogs, Regina M. Willen
Factors Determining The Effects Of Human Interaction On The Cortisol Levels Of Shelter Dogs, Regina M. Willen
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Dogs admitted to animal shelters experience psychological stressors resulting in elevated plasma cortisol. We previously found 30 min of human interaction reduced this response. The present study further characterized this effect, with the aim of developing a practical means of reducing stress of shelter dogs. We found that a second day of 30 min of petting reduced cortisol levels as effectively as the first. Further, 15 min of this interaction was as effective as 30 min. During petting, signs of excitation (vocalizations) and anxiety (panting) as well as escaped attempts were reduced, and social solicitation (tail-wagging) increased. However, cortisol levels …
The Effect Of Scalp Tissue On Current Shunting During Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (Tdcs), Mark Patrick Jackson
The Effect Of Scalp Tissue On Current Shunting During Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (Tdcs), Mark Patrick Jackson
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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has been used to treat various mental and neurological illnesses. Rodent models have been used to examine physiological changes in the brain after tDCS, as well as to develop safety standards. However, most animal tDCS studies implant an electrode on the brain, potentially altering the path of current during stimulation. Additionally, no studies have been completed specifically examining maximum safe anodal tDCS limits, and a pilot study conducted to determine an electrode montage to examine biological changes of learning and memory from anodal tDCS indicated brain lesion was occurring before a commonly cited lesion threshold …
Metabolic Characterization Of Mpnst Cell Lines, Christopher A. Waker
Metabolic Characterization Of Mpnst Cell Lines, Christopher A. Waker
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Malignant transformation is the process by which cells develop cancer properties. While many causes for malignant transformation are known (i.e. common genetic mutations and/or exposure to toxins or viruses), the basic requirements that allow a cell to stay alive with altered nutrient and energy requirements are just now being studied. In some tumor types malignant cells undergo changes that result in metabolic differences compared to normal cells. These can include defects in mitophagy resulting in an accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria and/or a metabolic switch resulting in increased glycolysis, termed the Warburg effect. Increased tumor growth and metastasis have also been …
Correlations Between Sensory Encoding And Central Morphology Of Muscle Proprioceptors In The Rat, Hanna Marie Gabriel
Correlations Between Sensory Encoding And Central Morphology Of Muscle Proprioceptors In The Rat, Hanna Marie Gabriel
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Until now, observations regarding the central morphology and organization of Ia, group II and Ib Golgi tendon organ afferents have been confined to the cat model. As the use of rodents in the study of the development and organization of segmental spinal cord circuitry increases, a complete account of the peripheral encoding and central connectivity of rodent muscle proprioceptors is necessary. The data presented in this study establish the central morphology and spatial distribution of 12 (4 of each class) functionally phenotyped muscle proprioceptor afferents in the rat by intracellular labeling with Neurobiotin. Each afferent type showed a characteristic central …
Sensorimotor Analysis Of Oxaliplatin Treated Rats, Krystyna Blanka Wieczerzak
Sensorimotor Analysis Of Oxaliplatin Treated Rats, Krystyna Blanka Wieczerzak
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There is currently no direct evidence that chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) necessarily explains the sensorimotor deficits seen in 90% patients treated with oxaliplatin (OX). Some patients develop sensory symptoms without CIPN. Our laboratory reported abnormal signaling from IA afferents in OX treated rats with no evidence of neuropathy. We hypothesized that in the absence of CIPN, the behavioral disability is associated with impaired sensory encoding in OX treated rats. The purpose of this study was to investigate the sensorimotor abilities of OX treated rats. The battery of behavioral tests was designed to address proprioception and sensorimotor integration. In the …