Toxicology Commons^™

Cadmium Accumulation And Distribution In Lettuce And Barley, Fardausi Akhter

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential trace element and its environmental concentrations are increasing due to human activities. Edible plants can accumulate high concentrations of Cd, which could be toxic to humans. Understanding how and where Cd is stored in plants is important for ensuring lower concentration of Cd in the food. In this thesis, the accumulation and distribution of Cd in three agricultural plants, namely lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.), were investigated with a focus on the potential mechanisms involved in the localization of Cd in the root. The …

Interaction Of Fish Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Paralogs (Ahr1 And Ahr2) With The Retinoblastoma Protein, Rebeka Merson, Sibel Karchner, Mark Hahn

Rebeka Rand Merson

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) mediates the toxic effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-pdioxin (TCDD) and related compounds. In some mammalian cell lines, TCDD induces G1 cell cycle arrest, which depends on an interaction between the AHR and the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (RB). Mammals possess one AHR, whereas fishes possess two or more AHR paralogs that differ in the domains important for AHR-RB interactions in mammals. To test the hypothesis that fish AHR paralogs differ in their ability to interact with RB, we cloned RB cDNA from Atlantic killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus, and studied the interactions of killifish RB protein with killifish AHR1 and …

Occurrence And Biological Effect Of Exogenous Steroids In The Elkhorn River, Nebraska, Usa, Alan Kolok, Daniel Snow, Satomi Kohno, Marlo Sellin, Louis Guillette

Daniel D Snow

Recent studies of surface waters in North America, Japan, and Europe have reported the presence of steroidogenic agents as contaminants. The current study has three objectives: 1) to determine if steroidogenic compounds are present in the Elkhorn River, 2) to determine if sediments collected from the Elkhorn River can act as a source of steroidogenic compounds to aquatic organisms, and 3) to determine if site-specific biological effects are apparent in the hepatic gene expression of fathead minnows. Evidence was obtained using three approaches: 1) deployment of polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS), 2) deployment of caged fathead minnows, and 3) …

Northern Fulmars (Fulmarus Glacialis) As Bio-Indicators Of Endocrine Disrupting Plasticizers In The Marine Surface Environment., Olivia Feinstein

Summer Research

The plastics that make up over 10% of human waste are synthesized with phthalate plasticizers which are utilized in plastics as an additive to improve durability and flexibility. Many phthalates have been identified as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and studies have shown dramatic deleterious effects as a result of species exposure to growing numbers of EDCs in the environment. Northern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) are a northern hemisphere seabird species that forages opportunistically, meaning that they take advantage of a wide variety of different food sources, including inadvertent consumption of plastic. In addition to occupying space in the individuals’ …

Cationic Amphiphilic Drug-Induced Autophagosome Accumulation Is Due To Autophagosome Sequestration Within Vimentin Intermediate Filament Networks Resulting In Prolonged Autophagosome Half-Life, Miriam Devorah Kleinman

Wayne State University Dissertations

Accumulations of autophagosomes and non-esterified cholesterol are

observed in several cell lines derived from lysosomal storage diseases,

including Niemann Pick Type C (NPC). The relationship between

autophagosome accumulation and lysosomal non-esterified cholesterol is

unclear. Exposure of murine hepatoma 1c1c7 cultures to the cationic

amphiphilic drugs (CADs) U18666A, imipramine and clozapine caused

lysosomal non-esterified cholesterol and autophagosome accumulation.

Measurement of LC3-II conversion in the presence of lysosomal inhibitors

bafilomycin A1 and NH4Cl, degradation of long-lived proteins, and

colocalization of GFP-LC3 and LAMP1 indicated an increase in

autophagosome synthesis without compensatory increase in clearance.

Autophagosome synthesis was blocked using 3-MA to monitor …