Human and Clinical Nutrition Commons^™

The Difference In A1c Of Children And Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Using Carbohydrate Counting Compared To Those Using A Structured Meal Plan, Alia El Kubbe

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Carbohydrate counting (CHO) is a nutrition education tool used by patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The primary objective was to assess glycated hemoglobin (A1C) in participants with T1DM using CHO counting vs. those using a structured meal plan (SMP). The secondary objectives were to determine if BMI-for-age, parental income, parental involvement, and mothers’ educational level were associated with their children’s glycemic control. A cross sectional study was conducted, where participants aged 4-18 years, or their parents completed a survey. Total sample size was 88 participants (77 in the CHO counting group and 11 in the SMP group). There …

Impact Of Feeding Tube Status On Health Outcomes For Individuals With Oropharyngeal Cancer, Nedeljko Jovanovic

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Abstract

This study investigated differences in outcomes related to health, swallowing, and quality of life (QoL) for individuals with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) receiving either radiotherapy (RT) alone, or concomitant chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Differences were assessed based on whether patients received a feeding tube (FT group) or not (NFT group). Measures including the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), Performance Status Scale for Head and Neck Cancer (PSS-HN), M.D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI), and weight were collected for 126 individuals at baseline, and at 3, 6, and 12 months post-treatment. Data were analyzed to identify potential prognostic differences between the groups, …

Behaviour Change Intervention Strategies To Prevent Excessive Gestational Weight Gain In Pregnant Women Using A Nutrition And Exercise Lifestyle Intervention Program (Nelip), Karishma Hosein

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Maternal obesity and excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) are associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. To evaluate the effectiveness of different behaviour change intervention strategies, it was hypothesized that the introduction of a single behaviour change, followed by a second, would be more effective at preventing early and total EGWG in pregnant women compared to the early simultaneous introduction of both behaviour changes. Eighteen pregnant women were block randomized into one of 3 Nutrition and Exercise Lifestyle Intervention Program (NELIP) strategies (full NELIP, Nutrition followed by Exercise N+E, Exercise followed by Nutrition E+N) and were followed at weekly face-to-face …

Nutrition Screening In The Adult Stroke Population Using The Canadian Nutrition Screening Tool In Comparison With The Subjective Global Assessment, Tess Coutu

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Although the Canadian Best Practice Recommendations for Stroke Care recommend all acute stroke patients be screened for malnutrition within 48 hours of admission to hospital using a valid screening tool, none have been validated for use in adult acute stroke patients. The Canadian Nutrition Screening Tool (CNST) tool has been validated within medicine and surgery patients. The purpose of this study is to estimate the level of agreement between the CNST and the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), a nutrition assessment tool, in a cohort of 58 acute adult stroke patients at the Southwestern Ontario Regional Stroke Centre in London. In …

Evaluating The Role Of Intestinal Transporters In Fruit Juice-Drug Interactions, Mandy Mj Li

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Fruit juice-drug interactions (FJDIs) involving non-metabolized oral medications result in decreased drug exposure that may lead to reduced therapeutic efficacy. The effect is thought to be mediated by inhibition of the intestinal drug transporters organic anion transporting polypeptide 1A2 and 2B1 (OATP1A2 and OATP2B1) by fruit juice constituents, however the exact mechanisms remain controversial. We tested the hypothesis that fruit juices limit the absorption of fexofenadine through interactions with specific intestinal transporters. In vitro transport and fruit juice inhibition studies using fexofenadine, a medication involved in FJDIs, revealed that in addition to previously implicated transporters, organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) …