Human and Clinical Nutrition Commons^™

The Effects Of Agroecological Farming Systems On Human Health, Olivia Kathryn Mason

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

There is a growing concern that the current farming techniques are producing less-nutrient dense soils and foods impacting human health. To improve the health of soils, people, and the plant, a growing number of farmers are using regenerative, or agroecological, farming practices. Some of these methods include multi-cropping (growing various plants on the same plot of land), ley systems (alternating between crops and livestock), and rotational grazing of livestock. Previous studies have found that regenerative farming systems have various benefits for the lands, crops, and animals, as well as increasing the nutrient density of foods.

The purpose of this study …

Iron Deficiency In Pregnancy And Children, Brianna Kane, Stacy Bevan, Carrie Durward, Mateja R. Savoie-Roskos

All Current Publications

Meeting the proper iron recommendations is important for both children and mothers because iron is essential for growth and development. An inadequate intake of iron is the most common reason for iron deficiency. Eating appropriate amounts of iron during these stages of life is of upmost importance. Including sources of heme iron and vitamin C can help increase absorption of iron.

No “Jitters” But No Energy From A Commercially Available Energy Drink., Jose Antonio, Jason M. Curtis

Journal for Sports Neuroscience

Abstract

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an energy drink (JOCKO GO) on mood, sustained attention/reaction time, and hand steadiness.

Methods: A total of 29 active men (n = 9) and women (n=20) (mean ± SD: age 22 ± 5 yr.; height 168±8 cm; body mass 68.2 ± 12.8 kg; lean body mass 51.9 ± 15.0 kg; fat mass 15.4 ± 6.8 kg; percent body fat 22.6 ± 8.9%; total body water 38.6 ± 8.6 liters) completed this randomized, crossover, counterbalanced trial. Each subject consumed either one can (355 ml) of the energy …

Milk-Borne Small Extracellular Vesicles: Kinetics And Mechanisms Of Transport, Distribution, And Elimination, Alice Ngu, Javaria Munir, Janos Zempleni

Nutrition and Health Sciences -- Faculty Publications

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in milk have the qualities desired for delivering therapeutics to diseased tissues. The production of bovine milk sEVs is scalable (10²¹ annually per cow), and they resist degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. Most cells studied to date internalize milk sEVs by a saturable process that follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The bioavailability of oral milk sEVs is approximately 50%. In addition to crossing the intestinal mucosa, milk sEVs also cross barriers such as the placenta and blood-brain barrier, thereby enabling the delivery of therapeutics to hard-to-reach tissues. In time course studies, levels of milk sEVs peaked in …

Kluyveromyces Marxianus Prepared As A Ready To Use Supplemental Food (Rusf), Zachary Christman

Applied Science Program: Theses

Ready to Use Supplemental Food (RUSF) is a nutrient dense paste or compressed bar used to supplement a person’s nutritional needs because of malnutrition or due to food shortages. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate some methods of how the dairy organism Kluyveromyces marxianus can be used to enrich the protein value of bread or ferment a substrate such as wheat bran into a more digestible form.

Using Noninvasive Calibrated Cuff Plethysmography To Observe The Effects Of Cold-Water Immersion On Arterial Compliance, Rita M. Grigorian

Master's Theses

As the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases continues to exponentially grow in populations across the globe, the necessity of determining underlying factors, effective methods of diagnoses, and universally available preventive measures also grows. Early detection of endothelial dysfunction, a proven precursor of cardiovascular diseases, can be extremely impactful in encouraging preventative measures and early intervention before medical conditions become chronic. In recent years, ice plunging, a form of cryotherapy involving full body immersion in cold water, has gained popularity within circles of fitness and health practitioners, gaining the interest of people of all backgrounds. Certain parallels observed between the human physiological …

Neutralizing Anti-Rbd Fraction For Sars-Cov-2 Is Associated With The Interaction Waist Circumference And Sex. An Esfuerso Preliminary Report On University Students, Juan C. Lopez-Alvarenga, Esperanza M. Garcia-Oropeza, Adriana L. Perales-Torres, Alvaro Diaz-Badillo, Lucia M. Perez-Navarro, Estrella Martinez-Lopez, Marisol Rosas-Diaz, Octelina Castillo-Ruiz, Laura Yanneth Ramirez-Quintanilla, Jacquelynne Cervantes, Edda Sciutto, Beatriz Tapia, Leonel Vela, Claudia Munguia-Cisneros, Carlos Ramirez-Pfeiffer

Research Symposium

In a previous study we reported that 25% of college students had a family history of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and 39% of hypertension. Interestingly, between 17 to 47% reported not knowing about T2D or hypertension, neither the existing obesity-metabolic problems (ESFUERSO study). The COVID-19 pandemic forced confinement and modifications in food intake, physical activity, and psychological stress. This study aimed to analyze if the immune Ig-G anti-RBD (protective epitope in S protein) response associated with type of vaccination, metabolic risk, perceived stress, and history of COVID-19 contacts.

We included 116 students at the 3th year of follow up in …

Resistance Training In Humans And Mechanical Overload In Rodents Do Not Elevate Muscle Protein Lactylation, Madison L. Mattingly, Auburn University A. Ruple, Casey L. Sexton, Joshua S. Godwin, Mason C. Mcintosh, Morgan A. Smith, Daniel L. Plotkin, J. Max Michel, Derick A. Anglin, Nicholas J. Kontos, Shengyi Fei, Stuart M. Phillips, C. Brooks Mobley, Ivan Jose Vechetti Jr, Christopher G. Vann, Michael D. Roberts

Nutrition and Health Sciences -- Faculty Publications

Although several reports have hypothesized that exercise may increase skeletal muscle protein lactylation, empirical evidence in humans is lacking. Thus, we adopted a multifaceted approach to examine if acute and subchronic resistance training (RT) altered skeletal muscle protein lactylation levels. In mice, we also sought to examine if surgical ablation-induced plantaris hypertrophy coincided with increases in muscle protein lactylation. To examine acute responses, participants’ blood lactate concentrations were assessed before, during, and after eight sets of an exhaustive lower body RT bout (n = 10 trained college-aged men). Vastus lateralis biopsies were also taken before, 3-h post, and 6-h post-exercise …

Critical Contributions Of Protein Cargos To The Functions Of Macrophage‑Derived Extracellular Vesicles, Baolong Liu, Phuong Linh Nguyen, Han Yu, Xingzhi Li, Huiren Wang, Wang Price, Meng Niu, Chittibabu Guda, Xiao Cheng, Xinghui Sun, Regis Moreau, Amanda E. Ramer-Tait, Michael J. Naldrett, Sophie Alvarez, Jiujiu Yu

Nutrition and Health Sciences -- Faculty Publications

Background Macrophages are highly plastic innate immune cells that play key roles in host defense, tissue repair, and homeostasis maintenance. In response to divergent stimuli, macrophages rapidly alter their functions and manifest a wide polarization spectrum with two extremes: M1 or classical activation and M2 or alternative activation. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted from differentially activated macrophages have been shown to have diverse functions, which are primarily attributed to their microRNA cargos. The role of protein cargos in these EVs remains largely unexplored. Therefore, in this study, we focused on the protein cargos in macrophage-derived EVs.

Results Naïve murine bone marrow-derived …

Análise Do Consumo De Alimentos Ultraprocessados Por Pacientes Fenilcetonúricos, Aline M. Maciel

AMNET XX Conferencia Internacional

No abstract provided.

Estado Nutricional De Crianças Aos 12 Meses Alimentadas Por Diferentes Métodos De Alimentação Complementar: Dados Preliminares De Um Ensaio Clínico Randomizado, Cátia Regina Ficagna, Abby Branchini Chacón, Elma Izze Da Silva Magalhães, Paula Moreira Ruffoni, Bruna Oliveira De Vargas, Milena Soares Meneghetti, Fernanda Bortolaz Pivetta, Francielle Valente Marques, Eduarda Malcorra, Manuela Fraga Verardo, Renata Oliveira Neves, Leandro Meirelles Nunes, Larissa De Oliveira Silveira, Juliana Bernardi Rombaldi

AMNET XX Conferencia Internacional

ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DE CRIANÇAS AOS 12 MESES ALIMENTADAS POR DIFERENTES MÉTODOS DE ALIMENTAÇÃO COMPLEMENTAR: DADOS PRELIMINARES DE UM ENSAIO CLÍNICO RANDOMIZADO

Palavras-chave: alimentação complementar, estado nutricional, crescimento e desenvolvimento

Sprouting Alters Metabolite And Peptide Contents In The Gastrointestinal Digest Of Soybean And Enhances In-Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity, Emerson Nolasco, Inga Krassovskaya, Kelvin Hong, Kali Hansen, Sophie Alvarez, Toshihiro Obata, Kaustav Majumder

Nutrition and Health Sciences -- Faculty Publications

Sprouting of soybeans can enhance the release of health-beneficial bioactive compounds, especially peptides, and metabolites, while gastrointestinal (GI) digestion alters their biotransformation and bioaccessibility. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of soybean sprouting and GI digestion in modulating its anti-inflammatory activity. Soybeans were soaked in water overnight (Day 0) and sprouted for two and four days, subjected to simulated GI digestion, and human intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2) were pretreated (2 h) with soybean sprout digest (SSD: 1000 μg/mL) before inflammation induction with IL-1β. Pre-treatment with Day 4 SSD specifically reduced the secretion of cytokine IL-8 by 19.5%. Sprouting …

Antibiotic-Induced Gut Dysbiosis And Cognitive, Emotional, And Behavioral Changes In Rodents: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Shivdeep S. Hayer, Soonjo Hwang, Jonathan B. Clayton

Nutrition and Health Sciences -- Faculty Publications

There are previous epidemiological studies reporting associations between antibiotic use and psychiatric symptoms. Antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis and alteration of microbiota-gut-brain axis communication has been proposed to play a role in this association. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we reviewed published articles that have presented results on changes in cognition, emotion, and behavior in rodents (rats and mice) after antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis. We searched three databases—PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS to identify such articles using dedicated search strings and extracted data from 48 articles. Increase in anxiety and depression-like behavior was reported in 32.7 and 40.7 percent of the …

The Impact Of Cannabidiol On Intestinal Tumorigenesis: A Pilot Study On Caco-2 Cell, Yingxue Guan

Masters Theses

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite the availability of early diagnosis and treatment options, which could potentially increase the 5-year survival rate, the accessibility of such CRC management measures remains limited due to cost barriers and uneven healthcare infrastructure globally. This underscores an urgent need for effective preventive methods and affordable treatments. Cannabidiol (CBD), a compound derived from cannabis, has garnered attention as a potential natural therapeutic agent. This study investigates the influence of CBD on the serotonin pathway and intestinal tumorigenesis. Serotonin, primarily produced in the intestine, is not only a …

Bertumbuh Berkembang: Modul Pemberian Makan Bayi Dan Anak (Pmba), Hikmah Kurniasari

Pengembangan Profesional

Pemberian Makanan Bayi dan Anak (PMBA) yang optimal akan meningkatkan kesempatan hidup dan pertumbuhan anak; juga daya tangkap untuk menguasai keterampilan serta pengetahuan yang mereka perlukan sebelum memulai pendidikan di tahun-tahun awal sekolah. Tidak hanya bagi bayi dan anak, pemenuhan gizi yang baik juga amat penting bagi ibu hamil dan menyusui. Selain penjelasan lengkap seputar PMBA dan kesehatan ibu hamil/menyusui, modul ini juga menjelaskan kepercayaan lokal yang kepercayaan lokal yang terkadang menimbulkan misinformasi dan menghambat akses bagi ibu, bayi, dan anak untuk mendapatkan nutrisi yang dibutuhkan. Modul ini akan bermanfaat bagi kader layanan kesehatan (Posyandu) untuk menyampaikan informasi yang tepat …

Resistant Potato Starch Supplementation Reduces Serum Histamine Levels In Healthy Adults With Links To Attenuated Intestinal Permeability, Jason R. Bush, Jun Han, Edward C. Deehan, Scott V. Harding, Madhura Maiya, Joshua Baisley, David Schibli, David R. Goodlett

Nutrition and Health Sciences -- Faculty Publications

Histamine from our diet or gut microbes can trigger gastrointestinal disturbances, and resistant potato starch (RPS) has previously been shown to alleviate these symptoms while increasing levels of health-associated bacteria such as Akkermansia through unknown mechanisms. Post hoc exploratory metabolomic analysis of serum amino acid, amine, and carnitine metabolites in participants consuming 3.5 g/day RPS or placebo (n = 48) was performed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine whether RPS positively influences histamine metabolism and related parameters. Histamine levels were significantly reduced by RPS treatment, but histamine-degrading enzyme products were unaffected by RPS. RPS also reduced histamine-secreting Haemophilus and Lactobacillus …

The Role Food Security, Financial Literacy, And Nutrition Literacy Play On The Diet Quality Of College Students, Amelia Sullivan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research aimed to explore the roles of food security status (FSS), financial literacy (FL), and nutrition literacy (NL) on the diet quality (DQ) of college students at the University of Maine. This research additionally sought to understand mediational relationships among these factors that could impact DQ.

A cross-sectional convenience sample of college students completed an online questionnaire assessing sociodemographic factors, short healthy eating index (sHEI)-score, FSS, FL, and NL. Participants' continuous data were analyzed using a Pearson correlation. Differences between interactive NL and sHEI-score while controlling for gender and meal plan differences were analyzed using a MANCOVA. Additionally, differences …

Fatiguing Joint Angle Does Not Influence Torque And Neuromuscular Responses Following Sustained, Isometric Forearm Flexion Tasks Anchored To Perceptual Intensity In Men, Dolores G. Ortega, Terry J. Housh, Robert Smith, Jocelyn E. Arnett, Tyler J. Neltner, John Paul V. Anders, Richard J. Schmidt, Glen O. Johnson

Nutrition and Health Sciences -- Faculty Publications

This study examined the effects of joint angle (JA) on maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and neuromuscular responses following fatiguing tasks anchored to RPE. Nine men (mean ± SD: age = 20.7 ± 1.2 yrs) performed forearm flexion MVICs at elbow JAs of 75^o and 125^o before and after sustained, isometric forearm flexion tasks to failure at fatiguing joint angles (FJA) of 75^o and 125^o anchored to RPE = 8. The amplitude and frequency of the electromyographic and mechanomyographic signals were recorded. Neuromuscular efficiency was calculated by dividing normalized torque by normalized electromyographic amplitude. A dependent …

Fatiguing Joint Angle Does Not Influence Torque And Neuromuscular Responses Following Sustained, Isometric Forearm Flexion Tasks Anchored To Perceptual Intensity In Men, Dolores G. Ortega, Terry J. Housh, Robert W. Smith, Jocelyn E. Arnett, Tyler J. Neltner, John Paul V. Anders, Richard J. Schmidt, Glen O. Johnson

Nutrition and Health Sciences -- Faculty Publications

This study examined the effects of joint angle (JA) on maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and neuromuscular responses following fatiguing tasks anchored to RPE. Nine men (mean ± SD: age = 20.7 ± 1.2 yrs) performed forearm flexion MVICs at elbow JAs of 75^o and 125^o before and after sustained, isometric forearm flexion tasks to failure at fatiguing joint angles (FJA) of 75^o and 125^o anchored to RPE = 8. The amplitude and frequency of the electromyographic and mechanomyographic signals were recorded. Neuromuscular efficiency was calculated by dividing normalized torque by normalized electromyographic amplitude. A dependent …

Effectiveness Of Intervention Studies Based On Diet And/Or Physical Activity In Treatment, Prevention, And Management Of Diabetes Among South Asians: A Systematic Review, Ishaan Arora

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to describe diet and/or physical activity-based interventions and their control in cardiometabolic risk factors of diabetes for the South Asian (SA) population. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Seventeen randomized control trials meeting the inclusion criteria were included for analysis. Interventions with type-2 diabetic SA showed significant improvements in HbA1c% (4/5 studies), fasting blood glucose (3/4 studies), and postprandial glucose (2/2 studies). Interventions with at-risk/prediabetic and non-diabetic SA showed a modest change in overall outcomes, with significant change reported for post-prandial insulin (3/4 studies), BMI and weight (2/4 studies), …