Nutrition Commons^™

The Effect Of Postruminal Amino Acid Flow On Muscle Cell Proliferation And Protein Turnover, James M. Reecy, James E. Williams, Monty S. Kerley, Ruth S. Macdonald, William H. Thornton, Julie L. Davis

Ruth S. MacDonald

An experiment was conducted to characterize the effects of postruminal administration of casein, glutamine, cornstarch, and water on protein turnover and in vitro muscle cell proliferation. Four MARC III steers (205 kg) were fed a protein-restricted bromegrass hay-based diet (2.86 Mcal of DE/kg and 13.6 g of N/kg). Using a 4 x 5 Latin square arrangement balanced for residual effects, casein and glutamine, equal to 50% of basal dietary nitrogen intake, cornstarch, isocaloric with casein infusion, or an equal volume of water was continuously infused into the abomasum of steers. Blood samples, collected every 2 h for 24 h after …

Dietary Staus Index: Association With Food Groups And Body Mass Index In Rural East Tennessee Women Living In Public Housing, Linda Lou Knol

Masters Theses

Dietary Status Index: Association with Food Groups and Body Mass

Index in Rural East Tennessee Women Living in Public Housing Objective: To determine if any differences existed in the number of servings per week consumed from designated food groups between women with low, medium or high Dietary Status Index (DSI) scores. Also, to determine if an association exists between Dietary Status Index (DSI) and Body Mass Index (BMI). DSI, a measure of both dietary adequacy and moderation, is the arithmetic mean of the Dietary Adequacy Score (DAS) and the Dietary Moderation Score (DMS).

Subjects: 121 non-pregnant females, 18 years or …

Anion Induced Blue To Purple Transition In Bacteriorhodopsin, Mrunalini Pattarkine, Anil K. Singh

Faculty Works

Purple membrane (PM, λ" role="presentation">λmax" role="presentation">max 570 nm) of H. halobium on treatment with sulphuric acid changes its colour to blue (λ" role="presentation">λmax" role="presentation">max 608 nm). The purple chromophore can be regenerated from the blue chromophore by exogeneous addition of anions such as CI−" role="presentation">− and HPO42−" role="presentation">2−4. Chloride ion is found to be more effective than the dibasic phosphate ion in regenerating the purple chromophore. Nevertheless, one thing common to the anion regeneration is that both CI−" role="presentation">− and HPO42−" role="presentation">2−4 show marked pH effect. At pH 1.0 the efficiency of …

Fats And Iron In The Rat Colon: Effects On Lipid Peroxidation, Ji Jenny Chin

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Preliminary studies were undertaken to investigate whether or not added iron (0, 35, 880 ppm of iron as ferrous fumarate) and fat type (corn oil, beef tallow, or menhaden oil) influenced the oxidation of the rat diet during storage. Iron level affected thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values only in the menhaden oil diets. Storage for 4 d did not affect TBA values of the diets. Neither food intake nor body weight of the rats was affected by the different diets, suggesting all diets were equally acceptable to rats.

The effects of iron supplementation and fat type on in vivo lipid peroxidation …

Acceptability And Proximate Composition Of Meat-Vegetable Sticks Versus All-Meat Sticks Adjusted To Ph 4.6 Or 5.2 With Citric Or Lactic Acids, Ronnald Dean Quinton

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A new innovative product, stewsticks, made with beef, pork, spices, and dehydrated vegetables, was developed as a nutritious snack. Lactic or citric acid was added at pH 5.2 or 4.6 to both meatsticks and stewsticks. Meatsticks and stewsticks were prepared by mixing ingredients until a cohesive mass was obtained. This mixture was then extruded into sticks that were cooked to about 50% of original weight. Sticks were then cut to desired length, packaged, and stored. Then meatsticks (beef, pork, and spices) were compared to stewsticks for appearance, texture, flavor, and overall acceptability.

The stewsticks had excellent shelf life due to …

Survival Of Microorganisms On Meat Surfaces Treated With Ultra-High Temperatures, Bret Max Mattinson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Sterile ceramic plates and the surface of beef steaks were inoculated with the pathogenic microorganisms Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Samples were also inoculated with nonpathogenic microorganisms Clostridium sporogenes ATCC 7955, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus stearothermophilus. Concentrations of organisms in the pure culture used to inoculate the samples were selected within the range of 10⁶ to 10⁸ colony forming units/ml (CFU/ml). Samples were treated with ultra-high temperature (UHT), and· the surviving organisms were recovered and counted. Meat samples were exposed to 1100°C for 22 seconds.

Beef steaks inoculated with pathogenic microorganisms had …

Manufacture, Shelf Stability, And Acceptability Of Aseptically Packaged, Unripened Soft Cheese Produced By Post-Ultra-High Temperature Acidulant Injection Of Ultrafiltered Milk Concentrate, Elena S. Moiseeva

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study investigated the manufacturing procedures and texture attributes of direct acid set of an unripened, shelf-stable cheese variety produced by the combined technologies of ultrafiltration and ultra-high temperature processing. Product evaluation included physical and chemical properties such as gel strength, syneresis, pH, moisture, protein, and fat. Whole milk was concentrated by ultrafiltration to 30, 35, and 40% total solids. Milk retentate was ultra-high temperature-processed by preheating to 65 or 77°C, sterilized at 141°C for 4 s by direct steam injection, flash cooled to approximately 62 or 72°C, homogenized in two stages at either 13.8/2.1 or 27.6/4.1 MPa, cooled to …

Association Between Nutrient Intake And Risk Of Coronary Heart Disease In California Seventh-Day Adventists, Peter Pribiš

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Dietary habits are believed to be major determinants of risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Studies of high and low risk populations have suggested several nutrients to be protective or hazardous against CHD. Most published work since 1984 on diet and CHD in the Adventist Health Study (AHS) population examined either foods or food groups. This study investigated ten nutrients as exposure variables and their relationship to CHD risk. A cohort of 23,616 nonsmoking, non-Hispanic white California Seventh-day Adventists was followed for six years beginning in 1976. Extensive dietary information was collected at baseline, as well as values of traditional …

Development Of An Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Elisa) For Quantification Of Skeletal Muscle Calpastatin, M. E. Doumit, Steven M. Lonergan, J. R. Arbona, J. Killefer, M. Koohmaraie

Steven M. Lonergan

An indirect antibody ELISA was developed for rapid and sensitive quantification of skeletal muscle calpastatin. Polyclonal antibodies were raised in rabbits against recombinant calpastatin, corresponding to domains 2, 3, and 4 of bovine skeletal muscle calpastatin. Western blot analysis revealed that these antibodies specifically recognize an immunoreactive calpastatin protein of approximately 130 kDa in prerigor skeletal muscle extracts. The intensity of the immunoreactive bands corresponds qualitatively with assayable calpastatin activity. For ELISA development, optimum dilutions of sample, primary anti-calpastatin antibody, and peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody were determined by titration. A dilution optimum for coating of Immulonâ 4 (Dynatech) plates was observed …

South Asian Foodways In Britain Diversity And Change And The Implications For Health Promotion, Tashmin Khamis

Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa

People originating from the Indian sub-continent (South Asians) make up the largest ethnic minority group in Britain and suffer from higher rates of coronary heart disease (CIII)) and noninsulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) than the general population. The "classic" risk factors (other than diabetes and insulin resistance) do not explain these elevated rates. Insulin resistance is associated with central obesity, which is more prevalent amongst South Asians than Europeans and the most effective dietary means of preventing or reversing obesity is by reducing fat and energy intake. However it has been hypothesized that regional origins and religious differences within the …

1995 Csrees Reports, Alfred A. Bushway, Therese M. Work, Huanli Zhang, Raoul Pelletier, Rodney J. Bushway, Brian Perkins, Mary Ellen Camire, Michael Dougherty, H Y. Forsythe Jr, Judith A. Collins, Frank A. Drummond, Constance S. Stubbs, Paul E. Capiello, John M. Smagula, Youzhi Chen, Scott Dunham, Walter Litten, David E. Yarborough, Timothy M. Hess, John Jemison

Wild Blueberry Research Reports

The 1995 edition of the CSREES Reports was prepared for the Maine Wild Blueberry Commission and the University of Maine Wild Blueberry Advisory Committee by researchers at the University of Maine, Orono. Projects in this report include:

1. Factors Affecting the Quality of IQF Blueberries

2. Preventing the Bleeding of Blueberry Fruit in Bakery Products

3. Removing Water from Blueberries Before Freezing

4. Determination of Pesticide Residue Levels in Freshly Harvested and Processed Lowbush Blueberries

5. Industrial Ingredients from Cull Blueberries

6. Application of Heat as a Method of Controlling Secondary Pest Insects on Lowbush Blueberries

7. The Phenology and …