Nutrition Commons^™

Transgenesis In Animal Agriculture: Addressing Animal Health And Welfare Concerns, Michael Greger

Michael Greger, MD, FACLM

The US Food and Drug Administration’s final Guidance for Industry on the regulation of transgenesis in animal agriculture has paved the way for the commercialization of genetically engineered (GE) farm animals. The production-related diseases associated with extant breeding technologies are reviewed, as well as the predictable welfare consequences of continued emphasis on prolificacy at the potential expense of physical fitness. Areas in which biotechnology could be used to improve the welfare of animals while maintaining profitability are explored along with regulatory schema to improve agency integration in GE animal oversight.

The Independent Association Between Diet Quality And Body Composition, Clemens Drenowatz, Robin Shook, Gregory A. Hand, James R. Hebert, Steven N. Blair

Robin Shook

Excess body weight is associated with an imbalance between energy expenditure and dietary intake but evidence on the association between diet quality and body composition remains equivocal. Rather than relying on differences in diet quality between overweight/obese and normal weight adults, this study examined the association between the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010) and body fatness on a continuous scale, independent of physical activity (PA). Further the association between components of the HEI-2010 and risk for overweight/obesity was explored. 407 adults (27.6 6 3.7 years) provided at least two 24-hour diet recalls over a period of 14 days, which were …

Dietary Treatment For Epilepsy, Margaret Rebecca Sinclair

Margaret R.Sinclair

Dietary treatments for epilepsy have been used since the early 1920s, however, the use of these treatments has been replaced by anticonvulsant drugs. In the past ten years there has been a reemergence of the use of dietary treatments for epilepsy. These dietary treatments are referred to as Ketogenic Diets. There are three types of ketone diets: Classic Ketogenic Diet (KD), Medium-chain-triglyceride Ketogenic Diet (MTC), and the Modified Atkins Diet (MAD). Theses dietary treatment utilize a high-fat, adequate protein and very low carbohydrates diet to control seizures. The purpose of this report is to provide a comprehensive overview of dietary …

Top 10 Research Questions Related To Energy Balance, Robin P. Shook, Gregory A. Hand, Steven N. Blair

Robin Shook

Obesity is the result of a mismatch between the amount of calories consumed and the amount of calories expended during an extended period of time. This relationship is described by the energy balance equation, which states the rate of change in energy storage depots in the body are equal to the rate of energy intake minus the rate of energy expenditure. Although this relationship may appear easy to understand based on simple mathematics, in reality, a variety of known and unknown systems influence the components of energy balance (energy storage, energy intake, energy expenditure). Clearly, if a complete understanding of …

Systematic Review Of Diet Quality Indices And Their Associations With Health-Related Outcomes In Children And Adolescents

Skye Marshall