Virology Commons^™

A Single Vertebrate Dna Virus Protein Disarms Invertebrate Immunity To Rna Virus Infection, Don B. Gammon, Sophie Duraffour, Daniel K. Rozelle, Heidi Hehnly, Rita Sharma, Michael E. Sparks, Cara C. West, Ying Chen, James J. Moresco, Graciela Andrei, John H. Connor, Darryl Conte Jr., Dawn E. Gundersen-Rindal, William L. Marshall, John R. Yates, Neal S. Silverman, Craig C. Mello

Neal Silverman

Virus-host interactions drive a remarkable diversity of immune responses and countermeasures. We found that two RNA viruses with broad host ranges, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and Sindbis virus (SINV), are completely restricted in their replication after entry into Lepidopteran cells. This restriction is overcome when cells are co-infected with vaccinia virus (VACV), a vertebrate DNA virus. Using RNAi screening, we show that Lepidopteran RNAi, Nuclear Factor-kappaB, and ubiquitin-proteasome pathways restrict RNA virus infection. Surprisingly, a highly conserved, uncharacterized VACV protein, A51R, can partially overcome this virus restriction. We show that A51R is also critical for VACV replication in vertebrate cells …

Chlorovirus Atcv-1 Is Part Of The Human Oropharyngeal Virome And Is Associated With Changes In Cognitive Functions In Humans And Mice, Lorraine Jones-Brando Ph. D., Robert H. Yolken M. D., David D. Dunigan Ph. D.

David D Dunigan Ph. D.

Chloroviruses (family Phycodnaviridae) are large DNA viruses known to infect certain eukaryotic green algae and have not been previously shown to infect humans or to be part of the human virome. We unexpectedly found sequences homologous to the chlorovirus Acanthocystis turfacea chlorella virus 1 (ATCV-1) in a metagenomic analysis of DNA extracted from human oropharyngeal samples. These samples were obtained by throat swabs of adults without a psychiatric disorder or serious physical illness who were participating in a study that included measures of cognitive functioning. The presence of ATCV-1 DNA was confirmed by quantitative PCR with ATCV-1 DNA being documented …

Dengue Viral Rna Levels In Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Are Associated With Disease Severity And Preexisting Dengue Immune Status, Anon Srikiatkhachorn, Sineewanlaya Wichit, Robert V. Gibbons, Sharone Green, Daniel H. Libraty, Timothy P. Endy, Francis A. Ennis, Siripen Kalayanarooj, Alan L. Rothman

Alan Rothman

BACKGROUND: Infection with dengue viruses (DENV) causes a wide range of manifestations from asymptomatic infection to a febrile illness called dengue fever (DF), to dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). The in vivo targets of DENV and the relation between the viral burden in these cells and disease severity are not known.

METHOD: The levels of positive and negative strand viral RNA in peripheral blood monocytes, T/NK cells, and B cells and in plasma of DF and DHF cases were measured by quantitative RT-PCR.

RESULTS: Positive strand viral RNA was detected in monocytes, T/NK cells and B cells with the highest amounts …

Dengue Viral Rna Levels In Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Are Associated With Disease Severity And Preexisting Dengue Immune Status, Anon Srikiatkhachorn, Sineewanlaya Wichit, Robert V. Gibbons, Sharone Green, Daniel H. Libraty, Timothy P. Endy, Francis A. Ennis, Siripen Kalayanarooj, Alan L. Rothman

Sharone Green

BACKGROUND: Infection with dengue viruses (DENV) causes a wide range of manifestations from asymptomatic infection to a febrile illness called dengue fever (DF), to dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). The in vivo targets of DENV and the relation between the viral burden in these cells and disease severity are not known.

METHOD: The levels of positive and negative strand viral RNA in peripheral blood monocytes, T/NK cells, and B cells and in plasma of DF and DHF cases were measured by quantitative RT-PCR.

RESULTS: Positive strand viral RNA was detected in monocytes, T/NK cells and B cells with the highest amounts …

Different Meal, Same Flavor: Cospeciation And Host Switching Of Haemosporidian Parasites In Some Non-Passerine Birds, Diego Santiago-Alarcon, Adriana Rodríguez-Ferraro, Patricia G. Parker, Robert E. Ricklefs

Robert Ricklefs

Different Meal, Same Flavor: Cospeciation And Host Switching Of Haemosporidian Parasites In Some Non-Passerine Birds, Diego Santiago-Alarcon, Adriana Rodríguez-Ferraro, Patricia G. Parker, Robert E. Ricklefs

Patricia Parker

The Cryptococcus Neoformans Transcriptome At The Site Of Human Meningitis, Yuan Chen, Dena L. Toffaletti, Jennifer L. Tenor, Anastasia P. Litvintseva, Charles Fang, Thomas G. Mitchell, Tami R. Mcdonald, Kirsten Nielsen, David R. Boulware, Tihana Bicanic, John R. Perfect

Tami McDonald

No abstract provided.