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Full-Text Articles in Virology
Immunometabolic Dysregulation At The Intersection Of Obesity And Covid-19, Collins N. Khwatenge, Marquette Pate, Laura C. Miller, Yongming Sang
Immunometabolic Dysregulation At The Intersection Of Obesity And Covid-19, Collins N. Khwatenge, Marquette Pate, Laura C. Miller, Yongming Sang
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
Obesity prevails worldwide to an increasing effect. For example, up to 42% of American adults are considered obese. Obese individuals are prone to a variety of complications of metabolic disorders including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. Recent meta-analyses of clinical studies in patient cohorts in the ongoing coronavirus-disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic indicate that the presence of obesity and relevant disorders is linked to a more severe prognosis of COVID-19. Given the significance of obesity in COVID-19 progression, we provide a review of host metabolic and immune responses in the immunometabolic dysregulation exaggerated by obesity and the …
Cross-Species Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals Molecular And Functional Diversity Of The Unconventional Interferon-Ω Subtype, Lauren E. Shields, Jordan Jennings, Qinfang Liu, Jinhwa Lee, Wenjun Ma, Frank Blecha, Laura C. Miller, Yongming Sang
Cross-Species Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals Molecular And Functional Diversity Of The Unconventional Interferon-Ω Subtype, Lauren E. Shields, Jordan Jennings, Qinfang Liu, Jinhwa Lee, Wenjun Ma, Frank Blecha, Laura C. Miller, Yongming Sang
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
Innate immune interferons (IFNs), particularly type I IFNs, are primary mediators regulating animal antiviral, antitumor, and cell-proliferative activity. These antiviral cytokines have evolved remarkable molecular and functional diversity to confront ever-evolving viral threats and physiological regulation. We have annotated IFN gene families across 110 animal genomes, and showed that IFN genes, after originating in jawed fishes, had several significant evolutionary surges in vertebrate species of amphibians, bats and ungulates, particularly pigs and cattle. For example, pigs have the largest but still expanding type I IFN family consisting of nearly 60 IFN-coding genes that encode seven IFN subtypes including multigene subtypes …
Porcine Interferon Complex And Co-Evolution With Increasing Viral Pressure After Domestication, Jordan Jennings, Yongming Sang
Porcine Interferon Complex And Co-Evolution With Increasing Viral Pressure After Domestication, Jordan Jennings, Yongming Sang
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research
Consisting of nearly 60 functional genes, porcine interferon (IFN)-complex represents an evolutionary surge of IFN evolution in domestic ungulate species. To compare with humans and mice, each of these species contains about 20 IFN functional genes, which are better characterized using the conventional IFN-α/β subtypes as examples. Porcine IFN-complex thus represents an optimal model for studying IFN evolution that resulted from increasing viral pressure during domestication and industrialization. We hypothesize and justify that porcine IFN-complex may extend its functionality in antiviral and immunomodulatory activity due to its superior molecular diversity. Furthermore, these unconventional IFNs could even confer some functional and …