Marine Biology Commons^™

Comparative Ecology Of Nekton Residing In A Tidal Creek And Adjacent Seagrass Meadow: Community Composition And Structure, Mp Weinstein, Ha Brooks

VIMS Articles

No abstract provided.

Introgressive Hybridization In A Population Of Astyanax Fasciatus (Pisces: Characidae) At La Cueva Chica, Aldemaro Romero Jr.

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Apagesoma-Edentatum, A New Genus And Species Of Ophidiid Fish From The Western North-Atlantic, Hj Carter

VIMS Articles

A new genus and species of deep-sea fish, Apagesoma eden/alum, (family Ophidiidae), is described from deep waters off the Bahamas. It can be distinguished from other ophidiid genera by the following characters: an enlarged and swollen anterior nostril; eyes placed anteriorly on the head; moderate-sized, unsculptured, hemispheric-shaped sagitta; absence ofa basibranchial tooth patch; absence of an opercular spine; large sub-terminal mouth, with non-protrusible jaws. Typhlonus delosommalus Hureau et aI., 1979 is placed in Apagesoma based on similarities in otoliths, non-protrusibility of jaws, swollen anterior nostrils and absence of a basi branchial tooth patch. Typhlonus contains only the type species, T. …

How Can We Best Test The Effects Of Pollutants And Changes On The Animals And Plants Of Chesapeake Bay?, L. Eugene Cronin, Morris H. Roberts Jr.

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

The animals and plants of the Bay, and the processes in which they are involved, are the basis for almost every use and desirable quality of the Bay. They provide both commercial and recreational fisheries, assimilate some quantities of wastes, contribute to esthetic quality, provide a favorable environment for many birds and mammals and feed all of the species which are used by man. However, the biota are directly or indirectly affected by many human activities - by maritime transport, recreational activities, agricultural production, waste discharges, domestic development, engineering activity, and other land-based activities. Therefore, the ultimate and most important …

Msx In Rappahannock River & Great Wicomico River, Jay D. Andrews

Reports

No abstract provided.

Results Of Msx Tests For 1982 Infections, Jay D. Andrews

Reports

Sampling from the Rappahannock and the Great Wicomico rivers.

Distribution Of Macrobenthic Invertebrates On The North Carolina Continental Shelf With Consideration Of Sediment, Hydrography And Biogeography, Donald Paul Weston

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

The macrobenthic invertebrates of the North Carolina continental shelf in the vicinity of Cape Hatteras were sampled during four seasonal cruises, June 1977 to January 1978. Macrobenthos-sediment relationships were investigated in the area surrounding Diamond Shoals. Four benthic assemblages were recognized, each representative of specific sediment regimes. The results of multivariate analyses were interpreted as indicating that the percentages of very fine sand and silt and clay were of greatest biological significance. It is suggested that the importance of finer particles is due to their influence on sediment permeability and organic content. The degree of particle sorting was also important …

What Are The Best Guidelines For Dredging And Placement Of Dredged Materials?, Maynard N. Nichols

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

During the~ next 25 years, more than 280 millicm cubic yards of sediment will be dredged from the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries (Table 1). Altogether more than 800 million dollars will be spent to deepen ports and maintain shipping channels. About one-third of the maintenance dredgin~; will be done in ports and harbors where the sediment is contaminated by industrial wastes and sewage discharge. Because of long-continued disposal of dredged material, the region is losing its physical capacity to assimilate more material. Where then can these enormous loads be placed at acceptable costs? And what are the best guidelines …

Community Structure Of Diatoms Epiphytic On Pneumatophores Of The Black Mangrove, Avicennia Germinans, In A Louisiana Salt Marsh, Robert S. Maples

Gulf and Caribbean Research

The taxonomy, diversity, and similarity of diatom assemblages epiphytic on pneumatophores of black mangrove, Avicennia germinans (L.) L., in southeastern Louisiana were investigated. A total of 109 taxa representing 27 genera were identified in samples from five sites. The most abundant taxa were Nitzschia brittonii Hagelstein, Nitz. frustulum (Kutz.) Grun., Navicula diserta Hust., Denticula subtilis Grun., and Amphora tenuissima Hust. Comparisons with previous studies indicate that the diatom flora epiphytic on A. germinans in this study is much more characteristic of temperate salt marshes than of subtropical mangrove communities.

Taxonomy And Distribution Of Edotea (= Tropedotea) Lyonsi (Menzies And Kruczynski, 1983) N. Comb. (Crustacea: Isopoda: Idoteidae), Gary D. Goeke, Richard W. Heard Jr.

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Tropedotea lyonsi Menzies and Kruczynski, 1983, is reported from the waters off Alabama southeastward to Cape Romano, Florida. The monotypic genus Tropedotea was recently erected on the basis of coxal plates of pereonites V to VI1 visible in dorsal view and a reduced number of articles in both antennae. Pereonites V to VI11 are also visible in dorsal view in Edotea Guérin-Ménéville, 1843, and the number of articles in antenna 1 and 2 of Tropedotea Menzies and Kruczynski, 1983, is the same as in Edotea. Hence Tropedotea lyonsi is assigned to the genus Edotea and Tropedotea is designated a …

Ex-Vessel Value And Size Composition Of Reported May - August Catches Of Brown Shrimp And White Shrimp From 1960 To 1981 As Related To The Texas Closure, Charles Wax Caillouet Jr., Dennis Brian Koi

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Indices were used to test for trends in ex-vessel price spread (value per shrimp by size category), size composition, and ex-vessel value composition of the reported May-August catches (inshore and offshore combined) of brown shrimp (Penaeus aztecus) and white shrimp (P. setiferus) from the Texas coast, the Mississippi River to Texas, and Pensacola to the Mississippi River, from 1960 to 1981. Levels of reported May-August catch and ex-vessel value of the catch also were examined for the same period. Statistical tests were conducted to determine if 1981 was an outlier as compared to other years, in …

Size And Distribution Of Resting Eggs In A Natural Population Of The Rotifer Brachionus Plicatilis, Terry W. Snell, Brian E. Burke, Stuart D. Messur

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Resting eggs of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis were collected from the sediments of a brackish-water pond near Tampa, Florida. These core samples were examined for resting egg density and size. Resting egg density decreased exponentially from the surface down to 7 cm in the sediments at all stations, with depth in the sediments accounting for 42.3% of the total variance. The maximum resting egg density recorded was 194 RE/cm³ with no significant differences in density among stations. Resting eggs were found to be significantly larger in the top 2 cm of sediment than resting eggs from deeper in the …

Multilinear Models For The Prediction Of Brown Shrimp Harvest In Mississippi Waters, Frederick C. Sutter Iii, J.Y. Christmas

Gulf and Caribbean Research

A multilinear regression analysis of water temperature, salinity, and number of postlarval brown shrimp in nursery areas was used to predict the June and July commercial harvest of brown shrimp in Mississippi waters. A total of 80.2% of the variation in harvest was accounted for by this model. When an effort variable was added to the equation, the amount of variation explained by these parameters increased to 85.4%. The coefficients of the two multilinear equations were recalculated exclusive of the data set for the last year to test the predictive capabilities of the models. For that year, the first model …

Effects Of Saltwater Intrusion From The Inner Harbor Navigation Canal On The Benthos Of Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana, Jane A. Junot, Michael A. Poirrier, Thomas M. Soniat

Gulf and Caribbean Research

A study of the benthos of southern Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana, was conducted from July 1976 to July 1978. Seven offshore stations and three stations in the New Orleans Marina complex were sampled seasonally. Offshore stations formed a transect from the Lake Pontchartrain Causeway to the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal (I.H.N.C.). A west to east gradient of increasing salinity and salinity stratification was evident.

Faunal differences among stations were assessed using indices of diversity, biological dominance, pollution, and station homogeneity. The fauna of the marina stations had a low species diversity and was dominated by annelids, indicative of a stressed environment. …

Evaluation Of A Leased Oyster Bottom In Mississippi Sound, John Supan

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Twenty-four pairs of spat plates, strategically located on a 600-ha (1500-a) oyster lease, were monitored biweekly to determine the rate of oyster spatfall. Spatfall occurred from May 6 to July 31 and again from August 15 to October 24, 1979. The greatest spatfall occurred from August 15 to September 4, 1979. Data from shell bags that accompanied the spat plates indicated a maximum growth of 3.2 cm in two months. Oyster spat which attached to the planted cultch materials on the leases grew up to 7.9 cm during the 17-month sampling period, ending December 11, 1979. The lease area is …

Amphipods Of The Family Ampeliscidae (Gammaridea). I. Ampelisca Bicarinata, A New Species Of Amphipod From The Gulf Of Mexico, Gary D. Goeke, Richard W. Heard

Gulf and Caribbean Research

A new species of the benthic amphipod genus Ampelisca Kroyer, is described and illustrated. Previous records of the Pacific species Ampelisca cristoides Barnard, 1954, from the western North Atlantic are now assignable to the proposed new species, Ampelisca bicarinata. These two closely related sibling species are compared and their specific differences enumerated.

A Note On The Reproductive Season Of The Carolina Marsh Clam Polymesoda Caroliniana (Bosc) In An Irregularly Flooded Mississippi Marsh, Courtney T. Hackney

Gulf and Caribbean Research

The gonadal development of Polymesoda caroliniana in an irregularly flooded, brackish marsh was followed for 13 months. Ripe individuals (condition prior to spawning) were found in May, July, August, and October, suggesting either an extended period of spawning or three discrete spawning periods. This pattern is different from another study of P. caroliniana in a more flooded habitat.

The observed gonadal condition correlates with the presence of newly recruited clams in the marsh during most of the year, but failed to explain a pulse of juveniles found in February. The different reproductive pattern observed in this brackish marsh may be …

Distribution Of The Marsh Periwinkle Littorina Irrorata (Say) In A Virginia Salt Marsh, R. Wyle Crist, William C. Banta

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Littorina irrorata varies over its geographic range in maximum size, preferred elevations relative to tidal datum planes, and in the type of vegetation it inhabits. On Wallops Island, Virginia, postlarvae of Littorina irrorata with shell lengths < 5 mm long live almost exclusively in dead, curled-up leaves of Spartina alterniflora at elevations near mean tide level, below elevations occupied by larger conspecifics. Snails longer than 5 mm in length increase in average size with decreasing elevation. This distribution is opposite to that found by Hamilton (1978) in a marsh in Florida. No difference was found in our study area in growth rate of marked snails at two different elevations, so the size-elevation …

Tanaidacea (Crustacea: Peracardia) Of The Gulf Of Mexico. Iii. On The Occurrence Of Teleotanais Gerlachi Lang, 1956 (Nototanaidae) In The Eastern Gulf, Jurgen Sieg, Richard W. Heard

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Teleotanais gerlachi Lang, 1956, a euryhaline member of the family Nototanaidae, known from Brazil and El Salvador, is reported from the eastern Gulf of Mexico (west coast of Florida) and the west coast of Africa (Nigeria). The species is diagnosed and illustrated. Differences between Teleotanais and the superficially similar genus Paratanais (Pantanaidae) are briefly compared and discussed.

Amphipods Of The Family Ampeliscidae (Gammaridea). Ii. Notes On The Occurrence Of Ampelisca Holmesi In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Gary D. Goeke, Jerry M. Gathof

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Ampelisca holmesi is reported herein from the grass beds behind the barrier islands of the northern Gulf of Mexico. Previous records are reviewed and the male of the species is described for the first time. The material agrees well with the original description and the recent redescription. Mouthparts for A. holmesi are described, illustrated, and compared with those of A. verrilli from the northeastern coast of the United States.

An Unusually Small Egg-Carrying Callinectes Sapidus In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, With Comments On The Barnacle Loxothylacus Texanus, Robin M. Overstreet, Harriet M. Perry, Gerald Adkins

Gulf and Caribbean Research

This communication reports the smallest verified egg-carrying specimen of Callinectes sapidus. With a carapace 20 mm long by 47 mm wide, the female measures considerably less than most other mature individuals, but about the same as an average-sized individual infected with an adult specimen of the rhizocephalan Loxothylacus texanus.

A Key To The Porcellanid Crab Zoeae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura) Of The North Central Gulf Of Mexico And A Comparison Of Meristic Characters Of Four Species, Robert C. Maris

Gulf and Caribbean Research

A taxonomic key is provided for the two zoeal stages of five genera and six species of the Porcellanidae (Crustacea: Anomura) from the north central Gulf of Mexico. Measurements, carapace structures, and appendages are compared among zoeal specimens of Euceramus praelongus Stimpson, 1860; Petrolisthes armatus (Gibbes, 1850); Polyonyx gibbesi Haig, 1956; and Porcellana sigsbeiana A. Milne-Edwards, 1880. Positive correlations are noted between rostral spine length and carapace length in E. praelongus (zoeae I) and P. sigsbeiana (zoeae I) and in posterior spine lengths and carapace length in E. praelongus (zoeae I) and P. gibbesi (zoeae I).

A Historical Note Concerning Salt In Vertebrate Blood And In The Sea, Gordon Gunter

Gulf and Caribbean Research

In 1902 and 1903 G. von Bunge and A. B. Macallum became impressed independently with the similarity between the salt content of ocean water and vertebrate blood. Von Bunge’s ideas concerned NaCl and were stated in a physiology text. Macallum’s ideas, related mostly to the proportions of Na, K, and Ca in sea water and blood, were set forth in a series of papers ending in 1926. Bayliss (1927) and Pearse and Gunter (1957) accepted this thesis. Conway (1943, 1945) questioned it on the grounds that the salts from land erosion do not correspond to those in the sea. However, …

Lower Bay Zooplankton Monitoring Program : The August 1978 Survey, George C. Grant, John E. Olney

Reports

Monitoring of the lower Chesapeake Bay zooplankton populations was begun in March 1978 to provide a data base needed as a prerequisite to future evaluations of faunal change. An initial report (Grant and Olney, 1979) presented the basic design and sampling techniques of the Lower Bay Zooplankton Program (LBZMP), along with results of the first winter-spring cruise.

These surveys are conducted during four months of the year, with complete taxonomic analysis in March and August and analyses limited to meroplanktonic fish eggs and larvae and decapod crustacean larvae tn June and July. The present report includes results of the summer …

Products And Productivity Of The Men And Women Of The Virginia Institute Of Marine Science From 1940 To June, 1983, William J. Hargis Jr., Thomas M. Armitage

Reports

No abstract provided.

Marine Education Field Trip Sites In Virginia, Susan C. Gammisch

Reports

No abstract provided.

Frequency Distribution Patterns And Partitioning Of Copper, Iron And Zinc In Selected Tissues Of The Black Mullet (Mugil Cephalus), Charles J. Venuto, John H. Trefry

Ocean Engineering and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Copper, iron and zinc concentrations were determined for muscle, gill and liver tissue from 45 black mullet (Mugil cephalus) collected in Turkey Creek, an embayment of the Indian River Lagoon, Florida. In the liver, Fe concentrations (2420+ 1040 jig/g, dry wt) were higher than for Cu (510 ± 350 fig/g) and Zn (330 ± 120ng/g). Gill tissue iron levels (380 ± 140/xg/g) were greater than those for Zn (96 ± 26 jtg/g) and Cu (6.3 ± 4.4 fig/g). Muscle tissue concentrations were lowest with Fe values (19 ± 15/tg/g) greater than thosefor Zn (13.5 ± 4.9 fig/g) and Cu (1.1 …

Climate Scale Environmental Factors Affecting Year-Class Fluctuations Of Atlantic Croaker (Micropogonias Undulatus) In The Chesapeake Bay (Maryland, Virginia), Brenda L. Norcross

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

A conceptual life history of the Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus) identifies the effects of the environment on juvenile recruitment. In a multi-disciplinary approach to modelling, the major effects are investigated, quantified and presented in a flow chart. The model is divided into three sub models, each representing a major component which affects juvenile recruitment. North/south spawning location in the Mid-Atlantic Bight is affected by the bottom water temperature as influenced by the cessation of the summer winds in relation to timing of croaker migration. The pelagic phase is the most critical time in the life history of a larval croaker …

Assessment Of Larval Striped Bass, Morone Saxatilis (Walbaum), Stocks In Maryland And Virginia Waters. Part Ii. Assessment Of Spawning Activity In Major Virginia Rivers. Segment 3. Pt.A. Distribution And Abundance Of Striped Bass Eggs And Larvae In The Rappahannock River During Spring, 1982 : Final Report, John E. Olney, Bruce H. Comyns, George C. Grant

Reports

• Segment 1. Distribution and abundance of striped bass eggs and larvae in the upper York River system, Virginia, during spring 1980
• Segment 2. Distribution and abundance of striped bass eggs and larvae in the James and Chickahominy Rivers, Virginia, during spring 1981 : draft final report
• Segment 3. Pt.A. Distribution and abundance of striped bass eggs and larvae in the Rappahannock River during spring, 1982 : final report
• Segment 3. Pt.B. Dorsal and anal pterygiophore interdigitation patterns in four species of Morone (Teleostei, Percichthyidae) : an aid to larval identification https://doi.org/10.21220/V50X7B

Phytoplankton Studies Within The Virginia Barrier Islands. Iii. Phytoplankton Composition In A Saline Pond On Smith Island, Harold G. Marshall

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The phytoplankton that characterized the Smith Island pond was diverse, with several species of diatoms, dinoflagellates and blue-green algae dominant throughout the year. A total of 146 spp. were noted, predominantly composed of ultra and nanoplankters, that includes representatives from coastal waters. The island ponds are considered eutrophic habitats whose composition is influenced by overwash conditions and in turn introduce populations to surrounding pools and water channels.