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Full-Text Articles in Genomics
An Investigation Of Epigenetic Mechanisms Driving The Biology Of Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Scot Carson Callahan
An Investigation Of Epigenetic Mechanisms Driving The Biology Of Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Scot Carson Callahan
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the 6th most common cancer worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. To date, the majority of work in the field has focused on genomic alterations such as mutations and copy number alterations. However, the clinical success of targeted therapies that exploit known genomic alterations, such as EGFR mutations, has remained mixed. Over the past decade, the importance of epigenetic regulators has come to the forefront, with the realization that many of these genes are mutated in cancer. Despite this realization, the role of epigenetics in regulating tumorigenesis, progression and …
The Genome-Wide Roles Of The Lung Lineage Transcription Factor Nkx2-1 In The Regulation Of Opposing Cell Fates In Vivo, Danielle Renae Little
The Genome-Wide Roles Of The Lung Lineage Transcription Factor Nkx2-1 In The Regulation Of Opposing Cell Fates In Vivo, Danielle Renae Little
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Lineage transcription factors mark, promote, and maintain multiple distinct cell types originating from a common progenitor. Despite their essential role, how such factors function and bind genome wide to orchestrate the epigenetic changes necessary to form and maintain these identities in vivo is unclear. One lineage transcription factor NK Homeobox 2-1 (NKX2-1) is expressed throughout the lung epithelium during development and was thought to be lost in the extraordinarily thin cell type required for gas exchange– the alveolar type 1 (AT1) cell. Complementing precise genetic knockouts with cell type-specific ChIP-seq, ATAC-seq, and scRNA-seq, our study shows that AT1 and AT2 …
Characterizing Epigenetic Regulation In The Developing Chicken Retina, Bejan Abbas Rasoul
Characterizing Epigenetic Regulation In The Developing Chicken Retina, Bejan Abbas Rasoul
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
The retina, the sensory neuronal tissue within the eye, is composed of three layers of neuronal cells connected by two synaptic layers lining the inside of the anterior portion of the eye. Multipotent retinal precursor cells are genetically homogeneous and differentiate into mature retinal neurons due to differential gene expression. Differences in gene expression have been correlated with epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation. DNA methylation of upstream regulatory elements is associated with transcriptional silencing of gene expression. Years of research in retinal development has identified the numerous genes expressed during the main steps of retinal development, however, it is …
Epigenetic Modifications Of Human Placenta Associated With Preterm Birth, Drissa Toure
Epigenetic Modifications Of Human Placenta Associated With Preterm Birth, Drissa Toure
Theses & Dissertations
Preterm birth is a complex multifactorial process. Despite the well-known role of the placenta in supporting the fetal development and maternal-fetal tolerance, the placental epigenetic modifications and preterm birth (PTB) remains poorly understood and under investigated. Various maternal and environment factors can influence epigenetic programming during fetal development to affect the functioning and structures of organs, including the placenta, which can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes, including PTB. The understanding of the placental epigenetic alterations and maternal determinants associated with PTB are apparently indispensable for the development of actual diagnosis and methods of prevention and treatment of premature labor. The …