Forest Sciences Commons^™

"Supercalendering: The Blackening Reaction And Its Effect On Strength And Optical Properties Of Rotogravure Paper", Valerie Bland

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

This senior engineering problem is the study of the mechanism of blackening and methods of measurement for blackening. The effect of blackening is the loss of color and opacity in the sheet. The loss of color results as a darker sheet. There are 3 major variables which cause blackening: moisture content, nip pressures, and roll temperatures. The increase in any of these variables results in blackening. In this experiment, the increase of moisture content produced the most significant blackening. The increase of pressure and increase of temperature produced slight blackening effects. The most blackened sheet occurred at 10% moisture, 200 …

The Analysis Of Wiremark, Karen L. Birks

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Wire Mark is the impression left on the paper web by its initial forming fabric. Wire Mark can be explained as differing levels of density in a sheet. By definition, the ideal formation is a sheet which has completely uniform density. Many changes have occurred in forming fabrics over the years to resolve this problem. The development of double and triple layer wires for a smoother surface have come about. This thesis takes these forming wires and further modifies the surfaces to reduce wire mark patterns. The action is analyzed by several common paper tests, along with the aid of …

Pulp Viscosity Vs. Zero Span Tensile For Determining Pulp Strength, John P. Shulstad

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Pulp viscosity and zero span tensile tests can be used to predict the ultimate fiber strength of pulp fibers. A project to compare the traditional test with the newer zero span tensile test was completed. In order to compare both tests for precision, bleached softwood kraft pulp was disintegrated and made into handsheets. The handsheets were exposed to ION HCL vapor from a few minutes to a few hours to get a range in fiber strength since the HCl degrades the cellulose. Pulp viscosity and zero span tensile tests were completed on the handsheet paper samples. It was observed that …

The Effect Of Ph Variation On The Evolution Of Non-Condensible Gases From Hardwood Black Liquors, Gregory Allen Goode

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

A distillation process utilizing hardwood black liquor samples from Mead in Escanaba was used to determine the effect of ph on non-condensible gas evolution.

Ph was found to be highly negatively correlated to the volumetric production of non-condensible gas. The correlation for all the black liquor samples tested was found to be greater than -.990. This indicates that as ph increases the volumetric production of non-condensible gas decreases.

Ph was found to be more correlated to the effect of gas volume reduction in the ph range of I 1.5 to 12.5.

Non-condensible gases produced in the fifth and sixth effects …

The Effects Of Furnish And Supercalendering On Rotogravure Printability Of Uncoated Papers, David M. Diekelman

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

A comparison was made of the surface and printing properties of eucalyptus and loblolly handsheets which were subjected to different supercalendering conditions. Supercalendering nip pressure was kept constant (2000 pli). The different supercalendering conditions investigated were the effects of the steel and filled rolls on the paper quality produced. The differences between the two pulps were large and this was attributed to the compressible nature of the two different fiber network structures. The more compressible eucalyptus sheet obtained better surface and printing properties at a given nip pressure. The eucalyptus sheet also showed no significant change in properties obtained under …

Design Of A Secondary Headbox For The Wmu Pilot Plant Fourdrinier Paper Machine, James Robert Spranger

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

A secondary headbox has been designed for the WMU pilot plant fourdrinier papermachine to facilitate research into the formation and final sheet properties of two-ply webs. A thorough literature search was undertaken to determine the design criteria of a headbox and the means used to meet those goals. The result was a hydraulic secondary headbox. The stock for the second ply enters the headbox, passes over one baffle and under another, then flows through a closed channel with eight bends in it. The stock then flows through a short straight section, makes a 90° turn, and then flows to the …