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Articles 1 - 3 of 3
Full-Text Articles in Cell Biology
Roles Of Oxidative Stress And Dna Methylation In Cigarette Smoking-Induced Accelerated Acute Myeloid Leukemia Progression, Mary Figueroa
Roles Of Oxidative Stress And Dna Methylation In Cigarette Smoking-Induced Accelerated Acute Myeloid Leukemia Progression, Mary Figueroa
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a commonly diagnosed cancer in smokers. When current or former smokers have AML, they have worse survival compared to never smoking patients. This has been observed clinically for decades, but then it is unknown how smoking leads to worsened AML survival. Smoking causes oxidative stress and altered DNA methylation that persists for decades in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, but these changes from smoking have not been evaluated in the context of AML. We hypothesize that smoking-induced molecular changes, including altered DNA methylation associated with poor AML prognosis, promote AML. We developed a novel model to …
Thiol-Based Misfolding: Linking Redox Balance To Cytosolic Proteostasis, Ford Amy
Thiol-Based Misfolding: Linking Redox Balance To Cytosolic Proteostasis, Ford Amy
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
The eukaryotic cytosolic proteome is vulnerable to changes in proteostatic and redox balance caused by temperature, pH, oxidants and xenobiotics. Cysteine-containing proteins are especially at risk as the thiol side chain is subject to oxidation, adduction and chelation by thiol-reactive compounds. All of these thiol-modifiers have been demonstrated to induce the heat shock response and recruit protein chaperones to sites of presumed protein aggregation in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, endogenous targets of thiol stress toxicity responsible for these outcomes are largely unknown. Furthermore, I hypothesize proteins identified as redox-active are prone to misfolding and aggregation by thiol-specific …
Atm Signaling To Tsc2: Mechanisms And Implications For Cancer Therapy, Angela Alexander
Atm Signaling To Tsc2: Mechanisms And Implications For Cancer Therapy, Angela Alexander
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) is a critical component of the cellular response to DNA damage, where it acts as a damage sensor, and signals to a large network of proteins which execute the important tasks involved in responding to the damage, namely inducing cell cycle checkpoints, inducing DNA repair, modulating transcriptional responses, and regulating cell death pathways if the damage cannot be repaired faithfully. We have now discovered that an additional novel component of this ATM-dependent damage response involves induction of autophagy in response to oxidative stress. In contrast to DNA damage-induced ATM activation however, oxidative stress induced ATM, occurs …