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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Cell Biology
Tracking And Modulating Circadian Rhythms In Cell Culture Models, Sujeewa Sampath Lellupitiyage Don
Tracking And Modulating Circadian Rhythms In Cell Culture Models, Sujeewa Sampath Lellupitiyage Don
Doctoral Dissertations
Circadian rhythms are 24–hour activity cycles that exist for all organisms, from yeast and bacteria to mammals. Epidemiological data has shown that disruptions to circadian rhythms are associated with various diseases, including cancers. Circadian rhythms are regulated at the cellular level by a "molecular clock,” whose oscillations in protein transcription and translation control a range of downstream pathways. However, the connections between altered rhythms and diseases at the molecular level is unclear. Therefore, in this project, I tracked circadian rhythms in a high-resolution manner and thoroughly analyzed them to more completely reflect circadian behaviors and clock functioning at the molecular …
Cd11b+ Depletion Of Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages Negatively Affects Bone Fracture Healing, Sarah Hozain
Cd11b+ Depletion Of Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages Negatively Affects Bone Fracture Healing, Sarah Hozain
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Hematoma formation and inflammation occurs during the beginning stages of fracture repair, which require the presence of innate cells such as macrophages. Macrophages are subdivided into proinflammatory, M1, or anti-inflammatory, M2, phenotypes with different functions, cytokine profiles, and surface markers. In this study, in vitro and in vivo models were used to deplete M1 macrophages, using Mac-1 Sap conjugated antibody (Mac1SAP), to determine the effects on fracture healing. In vitro study, primary macrophages isolated from mice femoral bone marrow were harvested and differentiated into M1 macrophages (+LPS), M2 macrophages (+IL-4), or undifferentiated then treated with either vehicle or 10pM Mac1SAP. …
Characterization And Function Of Islet Antigen Presenting Cells During Nod Diabetes, Stephen Thomas Ferris
Characterization And Function Of Islet Antigen Presenting Cells During Nod Diabetes, Stephen Thomas Ferris
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Here we characterized the initial antigen presenting cells (APCs) within the islet of Langerhans to ascertain their identity and functional role as it pertains to autoimmune diabetes. The activation of the adaptive immune system is induced by the innate immune system, and more specifically APCs. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the APCs that are initiating T1D in order to elucidate the break in tolerance and intervene in order to inhibit progression. We have found that there is a resident macrophage that is present in all strains of mice. This islet macrophage has a distinct transcriptional profile that is unique …
Role Of Macrophages In Muscle Transfection With Pdna/Pluronic Formulation, Vivek Mahajan
Role Of Macrophages In Muscle Transfection With Pdna/Pluronic Formulation, Vivek Mahajan
Theses & Dissertations
Non-ionic amphiphilic block copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO), Pluronics, arranged in a tri-block structure PEO-PPO-PEO, have raised a considerable interest in skeletal muscle Gene Therapy. Previous studies have demonstrated that co-administration of Pluronics with naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) by direct i.m. injection enhanced transgene expression not only in muscle but also in distal lymphoid organs (spleen and lymph nodes) and this response was strain-dependent; not observed in athymic (BALB/c nu/nu) mouse; suggesting a role of immune cells in gene transfer to skeletal muscles. Therefore, we first evaluated the role of inflammation and inflammatory cells, on muscle …
Use Of Image Cytometry For Quantification Of Pathogenic Fungi In Association With Host Cells, Charlotte A. Berkes, Leo Li-Ying Chan, Alisha Wilkinson, Benjamin Paradis
Use Of Image Cytometry For Quantification Of Pathogenic Fungi In Association With Host Cells, Charlotte A. Berkes, Leo Li-Ying Chan, Alisha Wilkinson, Benjamin Paradis
Biology Faculty Publications
Studies of the cellular pathogenesis mechanisms of pathogenic yeasts such as Candida albicans, Histoplasma capsulatum, and Cryptococcus neoformans commonly employ infection of mammalian hosts or host cells (i.e. macrophages) followed by yeast quantification using colony forming unit analysis or flow cytometry. While colony forming unit enumeration has been the most commonly used method in the field, this technique has disadvantages and limitations, including slow growth of some fungal species on solid media and low and/or variable plating efficiencies, which is of particular concern when comparing growth of wild-type and mutant strains. Flow cytometry can provide rapid quantitative information regarding yeast …
Somatostatin Receptor Subtype 2 Is Functionally Expressed In Raw264.7 Cells, Matthew Sung
Somatostatin Receptor Subtype 2 Is Functionally Expressed In Raw264.7 Cells, Matthew Sung
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Chronic inflammation left unchecked can be quite harmful to the tissue with the pro-inflammatory stimulus. It is marked by the recruitment and activation of leukocytes, including lymphocytes and macrophages with their subsequent proliferation and reactive oxygen species release. Macrophages are also one of the primary players in propagating the inflammatory response as they secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines to sustain local tissue responses. Current therapies for chronic inflammation include non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs and glucocorticoids; however, both have various side effects and setbacks. Somatostatin is an endogenous hormone which inhibits cellular secretion and proliferation throughout the body. Somatostatin receptor activation is mediated …
Ets-2 Is A Target For An Akt (Protein Kinase B)/Jun N-Terminal Kinase Signaling Pathway In Macrophages Of Motheaten-Viable Mutant Mice, Alicia E. Schaffner, James L. Smith, Joseph K. Hofmeister, Matthew Hartman, Guo Wei, David Forsthoefel, David A. Hume, Michael C. Ostrowski
Ets-2 Is A Target For An Akt (Protein Kinase B)/Jun N-Terminal Kinase Signaling Pathway In Macrophages Of Motheaten-Viable Mutant Mice, Alicia E. Schaffner, James L. Smith, Joseph K. Hofmeister, Matthew Hartman, Guo Wei, David Forsthoefel, David A. Hume, Michael C. Ostrowski
Science and Mathematics Faculty Publications
The transcription factor ets-2 was phosphorylated at residue threonine 72 in a colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1)- and mitogen-activated protein kinase-independent manner in macrophages isolated from motheaten-viable (me-v) mice. The CSF-1 and ets-2 target genes coding for Bcl-x, urokinase plasminogen activator, and scavenger receptor were also expressed at high levels independent of CSF-1 addition to me-v cells. Akt (protein kinase B) was constitutively active in me-v macrophages, and an Akt immunoprecipitate catalyzed phosphorylation of ets-2 at threonine 72. The p54 isoform of c-jun N-terminal kinase–stress-activated kinase (JNK- SAPK) coimmunoprecipitated with Akt from me-v macrophages, and treatment ofme-v cells …