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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Cell Biology
Fibrosis-The Tale Of H3k27 Histone Methyltransferases And Demethylases, Morgan D. Basta, Svetlana Petruk, Alexander Mazo, Janice L. Walker
Fibrosis-The Tale Of H3k27 Histone Methyltransferases And Demethylases, Morgan D. Basta, Svetlana Petruk, Alexander Mazo, Janice L. Walker
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers
Fibrosis, or excessive scarring, is characterized by the emergence of alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA)-expressing myofibroblasts and the excessive accumulation of fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM). Currently, there is a lack of effective treatment options for fibrosis, highlighting an unmet need to identify new therapeutic targets. The acquisition of a fibrotic phenotype is associated with changes in chromatin structure, a key determinant of gene transcription activation and repression. The major repressive histone mark, H3K27me3, has been linked to dynamic changes in gene expression in fibrosis through alterations in chromatin structure. H3K27-specific homologous histone methylase (HMT) enzymes, Enhancer of zeste 1 and 2 …
Chromatin Regulation By Rb-Interacting Proteins In Cellular Immune Functions, Seung June Kim
Chromatin Regulation By Rb-Interacting Proteins In Cellular Immune Functions, Seung June Kim
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The retinoblastoma protein (RB) is historically known for its function in cell cycle control. However, mice carrying targeted Rb1 mutations have revealed that RB serves various non-cell cycle control roles. Notably, RB acts as a scaffold that recruits chromatin regulatory proteins, condensin II and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). These complexes protect the genome integrity through maintaining proper chromosome condensation, long range contacts, and transcriptionally repressive histone modification. This thesis explores the mechanistic links that regulate such RB-condensin II complex or that are leveraged upon pharmacological inhibition of the RB-EZH2 complex. First, I identified potential phosphorylation sites in the …
Functional Analysis Of The Replication Fork Proteome Identifies Bet Proteins As Pcna Regulators, Sarah R. Wessel, Kareem N. Mohni, Jessica W. Luzwick, Huzefa Dungrawala, David Cortez
Functional Analysis Of The Replication Fork Proteome Identifies Bet Proteins As Pcna Regulators, Sarah R. Wessel, Kareem N. Mohni, Jessica W. Luzwick, Huzefa Dungrawala, David Cortez
Molecular Biosciences Faculty Publications
Identifying proteins that function at replication forks is essential to understanding DNA replication, chromatin assembly, and replication-coupled DNA repair mechanisms. Combining quantitative mass spectrometry in multiple cell types with stringent statistical cutoffs, we generated a high-confidence catalog of 593 proteins that are enriched at replication forks and nascent chromatin. Loss-of-function genetic analyses indicate that 85% yield phenotypes that are consistent with activities in DNA and chromatin replication or already have described functions in these processes. We illustrate the value of this resource by identifying activities of the BET family proteins BRD2, BRD3, and BRD4 in controlling DNA replication. These proteins …
Chromatin-Signaling Axis Orchestrates The Formation Of Germline Stem Cell Differentiation Niche In Drosophila, Maitreyi Upadhyay
Chromatin-Signaling Axis Orchestrates The Formation Of Germline Stem Cell Differentiation Niche In Drosophila, Maitreyi Upadhyay
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Stem cells have the unique capability of self-renewing into stem cells and differentiating into several terminal cell types. Loss of either of these processes can lead to aging, progression towards degenerative diseases and cancers. Insight into how self-renewal and differentiation are regulated will have tremendous therapeutic impact. Drosophila is an excellent model system for stem cell study due to the availability of various mutants, markers and RNAi technology. In order to study stem cell biology, we use female Drosophila gonads, whose stem cell population – the germline stem cells (GSCs) gives rise to gametes.
Gcn5 Impacts Fgf Signaling At Multiple Levels And Activates C-Myc Target Genes During Early Differentiation Of Embryoid Bodies, Li Wang
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Precise control of gene expression during development is orchestrated by transcription factors, signaling pathways and co-regulators, with complex cross-regulatory events often occurring. Growing evidence has identified chromatin modifiers as important regulators for development as well, yet how particular chromatin modifying enzymes affect specific developmental processes remains largely unclear. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are self-renewing, pluripotent, and have the abilities to generate almost all cell types in adult tissues. The dual capacity of ESCs to self-renew and differentiate offers unlimited potential for studying gene regulation events at specific developmental stages in vitro that parallel developmental events during embryogenesis in vivo. …
Identification Of Proteins At Active, Stalled, And Collapsed Replication Forks Using Isolation Of Proteins On Nascent Dna (Ipond) Coupled With Mass Spectrometry, Bianca M. Sirbu, W. Hayes Mcdonald, Huzefa Dungrawala, Akosua Badu-Nkansah, Gina M. Kavanaugh, Yaoyi Chen, David L. Tabb, David Cortez
Identification Of Proteins At Active, Stalled, And Collapsed Replication Forks Using Isolation Of Proteins On Nascent Dna (Ipond) Coupled With Mass Spectrometry, Bianca M. Sirbu, W. Hayes Mcdonald, Huzefa Dungrawala, Akosua Badu-Nkansah, Gina M. Kavanaugh, Yaoyi Chen, David L. Tabb, David Cortez
Molecular Biosciences Faculty Publications
Both DNA and chromatin need to be duplicated during each cell division cycle. Replication happens in the context of defects in the DNA template and other forms of replication stress that present challenges to both genetic and epigenetic inheritance. The replication machinery is highly regulated by replication stress responses to accomplish this goal. To identify important replication and stress response proteins, we combined isolation of proteins on nascent DNA (iPOND) with quantitative mass spectrometry. We identified 290 proteins enriched on newly replicated DNA at active, stalled, and collapsed replication forks. Approximately 16% of these proteins are known replication or DNA …
Binding Of Matrix Attachment Regions To Lamin Polymers Involves Single-Stranded Regions And The Minor Groove., M. E. Eva Ludérus, Jan L. Den Blaauwen, Oncko J. De Smit, Duane A. Compton, Roel Van Driel
Binding Of Matrix Attachment Regions To Lamin Polymers Involves Single-Stranded Regions And The Minor Groove., M. E. Eva Ludérus, Jan L. Den Blaauwen, Oncko J. De Smit, Duane A. Compton, Roel Van Driel
Dartmouth Scholarship
Chromatin in eukaryotic nuclei is thought to be partitioned into functional loop domains that are generated by the binding of defined DNA sequences, named MARs (matrix attachment regions), to the nuclear matrix. We have previously identified B-type lamins as MAR-binding matrix components (M. E. E. Ludérus, A. de Graaf, E. Mattia, J. L. den Blaauwen, M. A. Grande, L. de Jong, and R. van Driel, Cell 70:949-959, 1992). Here we show that A-type lamins and the structurally related proteins desmin and NuMA also specifically bind MARs in vitro. We studied the interaction between MARs and lamin polymers in molecular detail …