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Articles 61 - 67 of 67

Full-Text Articles in Cell and Developmental Biology

The Developmental And Adaptive Role Of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase Pathways During Preimplantation Development, Christine E. Bell Mar 2012

The Developmental And Adaptive Role Of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase Pathways During Preimplantation Development, Christine E. Bell

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The preimplantation period of development represents the highest interval of embryonic loss throughout pregnancy. It is therefore imperative that we elucidate the mechanisms involved in regulating preimplantation embryonic responses to stress and that govern development. The MAPK pathways are involved in both responding to environmental stress and regulation of development throughout embryogenesis, and are therefore good candidates to study the mechanisms involved in preimplantation embryonic adaptation to stress and development. The preimplantation embryo culminates in the development of a fluid filled structure called the blastocyst. It is at this stage the first differentiation events occur and the trophectoderm (TE), which …

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Developmental Deregulation And Tumorigenesis Inhibition In 14-3-3zeta Knockout Mouse, Jun Yang Aug 2011

Developmental Deregulation And Tumorigenesis Inhibition In 14-3-3zeta Knockout Mouse, Jun Yang

Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)

Cancer is second leading cause of death in the United States. Improving cancer care through patient care, research, education and prevention not only saves lives, but reduces health care cost as well. Breast cancer is the most leading cause of cancer incidence and cancer related death in women of the United States. 14-3-3s are a family of conserved proteins ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic organisms. They form complexes with hundreds of proteins by binding to specific phospho-serine/threonine containing motifs. In this way they regulate a variety of cellular processes and are involved in many human diseases especially cancer to our …

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Analysis Of Band 4.1b In Integrin-Mediated Cell Adhesion And Signaling, Youngsin Jung May 2011

Analysis Of Band 4.1b In Integrin-Mediated Cell Adhesion And Signaling, Youngsin Jung

Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)

Band 4.1B is a cytoskeletal adaptor protein that regulates various cellular behavior; however, the mechanisms by which Band 4.1B contributes to intracellular signaling are unclear. This project addresses in vivo and in vitro functions for Band 4.1B in integrin-mediated cell adhesion and signaling. Band 4.1B has been shown to bind to β8 integrin, although cooperative functions of these two proteins have not been determined. Here, functional links between β8 integrin and Band 4.1B were investigated using gene knockout strategies. Ablation of β8 integrin and Band 4.1B genes resulted in impaired cardiac morphogenesis, leading to embryonic lethality by E11.5. These embryos …

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Defining The Role Of Il-15 Trans-Presentation By Distinct Cell-Types During The Development And Homeostasis Of Natural Killer And Invariant Natural Killer T Cells, Eliseo F. Castillo Aug 2010

Defining The Role Of Il-15 Trans-Presentation By Distinct Cell-Types During The Development And Homeostasis Of Natural Killer And Invariant Natural Killer T Cells, Eliseo F. Castillo

Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)

The immuno-regulatory functions displayed by NK and iNKT cells have highlighted their importance as key lymphocytes involved in innate and adaptive immunity. Therefore, understanding the dynamics influencing the generation of NK and iNKT cells is extremely important. IL-15 has been shown to provide a critical signal throughout the development and homeostasis of NK and iNKT cells; however, the cellular source of IL-15 has remained unclear. In this investigation, I provide evidence that the cell-type providing IL-15 to NK and iNKT cells via trans-presentation is determined by the tissue site and the maturation status of NK and iNKT cells. For NK …

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Fgf4 And Wnt5a/Pcp Signaling Promote Limb Outgrowth By Polarizing Limb Mesenchyme, Keri Lynn Low Nov 2006

Fgf4 And Wnt5a/Pcp Signaling Promote Limb Outgrowth By Polarizing Limb Mesenchyme, Keri Lynn Low

Theses and Dissertations

The focus of this study was to elucidate the molecular and cellular mechanisms whereby fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) mediate outgrowth of the limb. Specifically, we examined the epistatic relationship between FGF and Wnt/Planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling in establishing cell polarity as a mechanism for outgrowth. By implanting beads into embryonic limbs and lateral plate mesoderm, we established that FGF activates Wnt5a in a gradient fashion. Once it was established that Wnt5a was expressed at the right time and place to turn on PCP signaling, we investigated the ability of Wnt5a to influence cell migration and/or cell polarity. Our analysis …

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The Role Of Fgfr4 In Trigeminal Placode Cell Development, Stephanie Beth Reynolds Mar 2006

The Role Of Fgfr4 In Trigeminal Placode Cell Development, Stephanie Beth Reynolds

Theses and Dissertations

In vertebrate embryos, the ophthalmic trigeminal (opV) placode contributes sensory neurons to the trigeminal ganglion during development of the peripheral nervous system. FGFR4 is expressed transiently in the trigeminal placode as cells undergo an epithelial-mesenchymal transition and begin to migrate toward the condensing ganglion. Because of the restricted spatiotemporal expression of FGFR4 in the opV placode, it was hypothesized that FGFR4 is necessary for the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the opV placode. Using electroporation, an FGFR4 inhibitory gene construct was introduced into 6—10 somite stage chick embryos. This secreted inhibitory form of the FGFR4 gene blocked endogenous FGFR4 signaling, …

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Development And Characterization Of Eukaryotic Biomimetic Liposomes, Bradley Jay Taylor May 2004

Development And Characterization Of Eukaryotic Biomimetic Liposomes, Bradley Jay Taylor

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study developed and characterized phospholipid vesicles, or liposomes, that mimic cell surfaces. Microemulsified liposomes contained biotinylated phosphatidylethanolamine, allowing them to be immobilized to avidin-coated glass. Laminin (LN), glycosphingolipids (GMl and GM3), and Escherichia coli's mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (EcoMscL) were embedded into liposome membranes. It was determined whether these embedded molecules exhibited their physiological roles of adhesion, cell recognition, and mechanosensation, respectively. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was employed to examine the interaction of fluorescently probed proteins, toxins, and bacteria with the immobilized microemulsified liposomes. Capture of individual and simultaneous multiple species of bacteria by GMl, GM3, …

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