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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Cell and Developmental Biology
Does Oxybenzone Affect The Development Of Sea Urchins Up To The Gastrula Stage, And What Do We Do About It?, Claire Crozier
Does Oxybenzone Affect The Development Of Sea Urchins Up To The Gastrula Stage, And What Do We Do About It?, Claire Crozier
Honors Projects
Understanding the effects of anthropogenic factors, such as oxybenzone, on sea urchins is extremely important to protect the growth of coral reefs- the ocean’s hotspot for biodiversity. Spawning of sea urchins, Lytechinus variegatus, was induced and eggs were fertilized in different concentrations of oxybenzone contaminated water. 48 hours later, data was collected underneath a light microscope. Observations of the data indicate that oxybenzone negatively affects sea urchin development up until the gastrula stage. Using both my data and knowledge from standing literature, I decided to write a policy analysis paper to answer the question “what should we do regarding sunscreen …
Aeromonas Phage Research And The Public Health Impact Of Antibiotics In Aquaculture Workers, Madelyn Merchant
Aeromonas Phage Research And The Public Health Impact Of Antibiotics In Aquaculture Workers, Madelyn Merchant
Honors Projects
One of the most common fish diseases in aquaculture is Aeromonas infection. The most common way to treat this infection is through antibiotics. The bacteria in the fish can become antibiotic-resistant and perpetuate the disease. The diseases in fish create a huge financial loss and the industry loses $6 billion per year due to diseases in fish. An alternative to antibiotics is bacteriophage which causes less environmental degradation and is better for human gut flora. In aquaculture there have been examples of aquaculture workers becoming sick from the water in aquaculture ponds as well as from people eating the fish. …
Developing An Electroporation Method For Transforming Streptomyces Nymphaeiformis, Heather Knott, Stephen Baron
Developing An Electroporation Method For Transforming Streptomyces Nymphaeiformis, Heather Knott, Stephen Baron
Honors Projects
Streptomyces species are notoriously difficult to transform. Streptomyces nymphaeiformis is no different, so a method of electroporation was used to attempt to transform the cells. Multiple growth stages were used in order to alter the degree of development of the cell wall. The procedure did not kill the cells, but the cells were not transformed. Due to the lack of transformation with S. nymphaeiformis, transformation was attempted on two other Streptomyces strains, S. lividans and S. coelicolor. Neither was successfully transformed to thiostrepton (tsr) resistance, nor did they grow on a plate lacking thiostrepton. One possibility for the …
Genetic Analysis Of Adhesion Protein Elmo3 In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Garrison Asper
Genetic Analysis Of Adhesion Protein Elmo3 In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Garrison Asper
Honors Projects
The Extracellular Matrix (ECM) between plant cells is vital for structure, development, and intercellular adhesion. A pectin rich layer in between cells, the middle lamella, is largely responsible for regulating the adhesive properties of adjacent plant cells. Homogalacturonan (HG) pectin, the most common, is synthesized in the Golgi and secreted into the ECM where it undergoes calcium crosslinking, increasing its adhesive properties. Mutations in proteins essential for HG synthesis can reveal a severe adhesion defective phenotype, where the hypocotyls of dark grown Arabidopsis exhibit cell sloughing, curling, and general disorganization. A family of five ELMO proteins are suspected to act …
Antimicrobial Activity Of Bacterial Virus Components: An Empirical Investigation Of The Killing Capacity Of Toxins From Burkholderia, Kyle Walny
Honors Projects
Given the growing issue in healthcare of antibiotic resistance, effective and safe alternative treatment methods are required. One of these possible alternative treatment methods is bacteriotoxins including bacteriocins and tailocins. The focus of this study is a bacteriotoxin from Burkholderia cenocepacia (ATCC 25608), which was induced for toxin using a modified UV light induction procedure and tested against a variety of Pseudomonas and Burkholderia for its killing capacity. Various other pathogenic strains were then induced with UV light and tested. The results showed that the toxin from ATCC 25608 was very effective against most of the Burkholderia tested and warrants …
An Insider's Guide To Cell Biology, Katie Ludwig
An Insider's Guide To Cell Biology, Katie Ludwig
Honors Projects
An Insider's Guide to Cell Biology is a comic book that follows Alanine the amoeba who tells the reader all about how the cell works.
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Cardiomyocytes Provide An In Vitro Model Of The Myocardial Environment For Investigating Stem Cell Therapies, Jacob M. Gunn
Honors Projects
Ischemic heart disease remains a major cause of death and disability worldwide (Moran Andrew E. et al., 2014). While interventions for heart disease have come a long way, restoring functionality to damaged myocardium remains a challenge. Both mechanical and electrical repair of the host myocardium are essential to salvage the damaged tissue. This is especially difficult following a myocardial infarction (MI) as the infarct area is subject to quick and extensive cell death via necrosis then apoptosis (Prabhu & Frangogiannis, 2016). Stem cells have emerged as a candidate for potential replacement therapies. Adult stem cells (ASCs) are taken from bone …
The Role Of The Golgi Elmo Proteins In Cell Adhesion In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Wesley James Hudson
The Role Of The Golgi Elmo Proteins In Cell Adhesion In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Wesley James Hudson
Honors Projects
Proper growth and development of plant cells is dependent upon successful cell adhesion between cells, and this is mostly mediated by pectin in the plant cell wall. Previously, the Kohorn Laboratory identified a non-enzymatic Golgi protein named ELMO1 as it is required for cell adhesion, likely acting as a scaffold for cell wall polymer synthesis. Plants with mutant ELMO1 demonstrate a weak defective cellular adhesion phenotype as well as reduced mannose content in the cell wall. ELMO1 has homologous proteins in at least 29 different vascular plants. These homologues have 2 possible deletions in their amino acid sequence, but protein …
Determining The Genetic Control Of Neural Tube Malformation Through Genetic Interactions With Idgf3, Elli N. Fox
Determining The Genetic Control Of Neural Tube Malformation Through Genetic Interactions With Idgf3, Elli N. Fox
Honors Projects
Genetic mutations disrupting human neural tube formation can lead to birth defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly. Defects can result in lack of neural tube closure in either the caudal (spina bifida) or cranial (anencephaly) regions. Little is known about the genes that cause these malformations. Researchers have been using the model organism Drosophila melanogaster in an attempt to determine genes responsible for neural tube malformations. Recently, an ortholog of human chitin-like protein, imaginal disc growth factor 3 (Idgf3), has been identified as important in the proper formation of Drosophila egg dorsal appendages. However, the molecular mechanism responsible for …
Genetics With Nettie And Friends: An Exploration Of Genetics In Children's Literature, Erin Soule, Madeleine Gray Burland
Genetics With Nettie And Friends: An Exploration Of Genetics In Children's Literature, Erin Soule, Madeleine Gray Burland
Honors Projects
Genetics with Nettie and Friends is an exploration of chromosomal disorders and its place within children's literature. The book provides a comprehensive examination the genetic composition of Downs syndrome, Williams Syndrome, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy at a level to increase understanding in children. This paper provides an insight to the development and construction of the children's book that is available for purchase on Barnes and Noble as well as why representation of genetic disorders in children's literature is needed.
Identification Of A Tola Protein Binding Site For Bacterial Toxins, Monica Ferrante
Identification Of A Tola Protein Binding Site For Bacterial Toxins, Monica Ferrante
Honors Projects
Group A colicins are proteinaceous bacteriocins encoded by plasmids that exploit the cellular envelope protein TolA to translocate the cell wall barrier and cellular envelope of the bacterium Escherichia coli. These colicins offer protocols for studying certain protein-protein interactions involved in such membrane transport functions. Previous experimentations suggest the carboxyl-terminal domain of TolA protein contains specific amino acid binding regions required for the translocation of group A colicins into E. coli. The amino acid sequence of this domain varies between E. coli and other gram-negative bacterial species. It has been suggested that this diversity could be utilized to …
Examining The Role Of Grp And Lik1 In Wall Associated Kinase (Wak) Perception Of Pectin In The Plant Cell Wall, Jack Ryan Mitchell
Examining The Role Of Grp And Lik1 In Wall Associated Kinase (Wak) Perception Of Pectin In The Plant Cell Wall, Jack Ryan Mitchell
Honors Projects
Wall associated kinases (WAKs) are cell membrane bound receptor kinases that bind pectin and pectin fragments (OGs).The binding of WAKs to pectin sends a growth signal required for cell elongation and plant development. WAKs bind OGs with higher affinity than native pectin and instead activate a stress response. Glycine rich proteins (GRPs) are secreted cell wall proteins of unknown function. Seven GRPs with 65% sequence similarity are coded on a 90kb locus of Arabidopsis chromosome 2. GRP3 and WAK1 have been shown to bind in vitro, but single null mutations have no discernible phenotype, suggesting that the GRPs are redundant. …
Purification Of A Bacteriophage Protein Involved In Host Range Specificity, Alec Brown
Purification Of A Bacteriophage Protein Involved In Host Range Specificity, Alec Brown
Honors Projects
The Escherichia coli ferric hydroxamate uptake receptor FhuA serves as the receptor for ferrichrome-Fe(III) complexes, with TonB protein energizing the active transport of the complex. The FhuA receptor is exploited by a variety of bacteriophages as a conduit into the cell. Interestingly, certain of these phages carry a gene called “Cor”, the product of which, when cloned and expressed from a plasmid, blocks transport by FhuA. In the present study, components of the cor gene from the bacteriophage ϕ80 were used to construct an IPTG-inducible MalE-Cor-His6 fusion protein, which allowed for affinity purification of the Cor protein. At 61 residues …
Characterization Of A Novel Clade Of Transporters In Phytophthora, Stephanie Padula, Paul F. Morris Dr, Howard Casey Cromwell Dr., Menaka Ariyaratne, Andrew Wagner
Characterization Of A Novel Clade Of Transporters In Phytophthora, Stephanie Padula, Paul F. Morris Dr, Howard Casey Cromwell Dr., Menaka Ariyaratne, Andrew Wagner
Honors Projects
The oomycete Phytophthora parasitica has a worldwide distribution and is an economically important pathogen of more than 100 species4. RNA-seq analysis showed that one gene, PPTG_16698 has the 5th highest level of expression of all transport proteins in the zoospore stage, and is highly conserved throughout Phytophthora species. This project attempts to characterize the important biological role that PPTG_16698 plays in P. parasitica and other oomycetes. Three strategies have been implemented to accomplish this goal: growth analysis by heterologous expression in yeast, metabolite analysis in yeast, and construction of a GFP fusion protein to enable localization of …