Biology Commons^™

The Α-Glycerophosphate Cycle In Drosophila Melanogaster. Iii. Relative Viability Of "Null" Mutants At The Α-Glycerophosphate Dehydrogenase-1 Locus, Stephen J. O'Brien, Bruce Wallace, Ross J. Macintyre

Biology Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

Cellular And Secretory Proteins Of The Salivary Glands Of Sciara Coprophila During The Larval-Pupal Transformation, Anita Cavagnaro Been, Ellen M. Rasch

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

The cellular and secretory proteins of the salivary gland of Sciara coprophila during the stages of the larval-pupal transformation were examined by electrophoresis in 0.6 mm sheets of polyacrylamide gel with both SDS-continuous and discontinuous buffer systems. After SDS-electrophoresis, all electrophoretograms of both reduced and nonreduced proteins from single glands stained with Coomassie brilliant blue revealed a pattern containing the same 25 bands during the stages of the larval-pupal transformation. With the staining procedures used in this study, qualitative increases and decreases were detected in existing proteins and enzymes. There was no evidence, however, for the appearance of new protein …

Spontaneous Mutation Rate In The Dumpy Region Of Drosophila, John B. Jenkins

Biology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

A Survey On The Incidence Of Salmonella In The Rio Grande And Irrigation Canals In Albuquerque, Claudio Antonio Dominguez

Biology ETDs

A nine months survey of fecal coliforms, fecal streptococcus, and salmonellae was made in the Rio Grande and adjacent canals. The survey was limited to the Albuquerque area from the Old Town Bridge on Central Ave. to the northern boundary of the Isleta Indian Reservation, south of the Rio Bravo Bridge. My study shows that the fecal coliforms and fecal streptococcus counts follow a seasonal pattern, being low in winter, increasing during spring, and reaching a peak in the summer. Salmonella enteritidis of several serotypes, Oranienburg, Derby, Give, Montevideo, Thomasville, Typhimurium, and Senftenberg, was isolated on nine different occasions. All …

The Paleontology Of Billfish - The State Of The Art, Harry L. Fierstine

Biological Sciences

The major osteological features are described for living billfishes. All billfish remains are reviewed critically and some questionable forms are placed in Xiphioidei Incertae Sedis (uncertain status). The remaining xiphioids are placed into three families: Istiophoridae, Xiphiidae, and Xiphiorhynchidae. A new undescribed xiphiid from Mississippi shows that the billfish lineages must have diverged prior to the Eocene. Areas of research are suggested that will help place the paleontological studies on a more secure foundation.

X-Ray-Induced Specific-Locus Mutation Rates In Newborn And Young Mice, Paul Bruce Selby

Doctoral Dissertations

The specific-locus mutation frequency resulting from 300 R of acute X irradiation has been determined for the germ cells present in male mice at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days of age and also for female mice at 0 days of age, Sample size was much larger for the males irradiated on day 0 than for other age groups but in all groups it was large enough to insure that an extremely high rate would be noticed. At 35 days of age the testis is histologically similar to that of the adult. It was …

The Effects Of Estradiol And Thyroxine On The Plasma And Liver Proteins Of The Thyroidectomized Water Snake, Albert D. Morrongiello

Master's Theses

The effects of thyroidectomy, estradiol treatment, and thyroxine treatment on plasma and liver protein concentrations in the water snake, Natrix fasciata fasciata (Linnaeus, 1766), were investigated. There was a significant lowering of liver protein concentrations following thyroidectomy. This deficit could be replaced with thyroxine alone, but could not be replaced by treatment of thyroidectomized snakes with estradiol alone or with a combination of estradiol and thyroxine.

The plasma resolved into nine plasma proteins when electrophoresed in polyacrylamide gels. Although thyroidectomized snakes treated with estradiol only or a combination of estradiol and thyroxine showed enhancement in two protein fractions, the significance …

Ddt Inhibition Of (Na+, K+)-Activated Atpase In Gill Tissue Of Fundulus Heteroclitus, Nancy Mccutcheon Slate

Master's Theses

The DDT inhibition of (Na+, K+) - activated ATPase in gill preparations of the euryhaline teleost, Fundulus heteroclitus, was measured. The (Na+, K+) -activated ATPase was found to be sensitive to DDT, with 74.6% of the enzyme's specific activity inhibited by 20 ppm DDT. The (Mg++)-activated ATPase was also sensitive to inhibition bv DDT but not to the extent of the (Na+, K+) - activat ed ATPase . Due to previous work which showed that DDT antagonized valinomycin-induced K+ conductance in a synthetic membrane, the effect of K+ on DDT inhibition was examined kinetically. The Km for K+ in gill …

Isolation And Identification Of The Toxic Principle In The Tissues Of The Ectoproct Lophopodella Carteri (Hyatt), Donald Coleman Smith

Master's Theses

The tissue of Lophopodella carteri (Hyatt) was isolated, and the agent toxic to fish present in the tissues was extracted. A chloroform-soluble component and a water-soluble component were separated from the filtrate of the homogenized tissues. Each component was tested for toxicity. The chloroform-soluble component was found to be extremely toxic. The water-soluble component was originally non-toxic, but after several months of freezing and defrosting the tissue, this component became toxic.

The chloroform-soluble component was purified by thin-layer chromatography. Several lipid classes were obtained, of which one was toxic. This toxic class was further purified by thin-layer chromatography resulting in …

The Distribution Of Meyenia Fluviatilis At Lincoln Beach Area Of Utah Lake With Notes On Seasonal Occurrence Of Gemmules, Chadwick E. Smith

Theses and Dissertations

This study of the distribution of the fresh-water sponge, Meyenia fluviatilis, at the Lincoln Beach area of Utah Lake involved the following: First, sampling of the area for the presence or absence of the species. Second, sampling at two separate areas at different depth intervals to determine if the number of sponge colonies and colony size were in any way related to depth. Finally, monthly sampling at one area to determine when gemmules of M. fluviatilis were present in the sponge colonies. Meyenia fluviatilis was found to be commonly distributed in 1-2 m of water on the lower surface of …

The Effects Of Channelization And Water Impoundment On The Macroinvertebrates In The Weber River, Summit County, Utah, Parley V. Winger

Theses and Dissertations

Macroinvertebrate populations in the Weber River, Summit County, Utah, were analyzed to determine what effects channelization resulting from Interstate-80 construction and water impoundment had on the standing crop, species diversity and species composition. Bottom samples were collected monthly from riffle areas in channeled and unchanneled sections and above Echo and Wanship Reservoirs. Macroinvertebrate populations in the channeled areas were similar in standing crop, species diversity and species composition to those in unchanged areas within six months following channelization. Species diversities were higher (d=4.1, 3.7) above the reservoirs than below (d=2.0). The reservoirs restricted the distribution of several species of macroinvertebrates. …

Effects Of Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors On The Activity Of Rat Myocardial Adenyl Cyclase, Garry Lee Degraaf

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Experimental Production Of Duodenal Ulcers In Rats With Corresponding Changes In Gastric Secretory Patterns, James Ellis Dale

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Use Of Low Frequency Sounds For Echoranging By Tadarida Macrotis, G. Michael Schum

Biology ETDs

A model of echoranging in bats is presented incorporating the parameters: pulse frequency, intensity, atmospheric attenuation, gain of a directional beaming pattern, gain of the pinnae, and hearing resolution. The range equation is simulated by carrying the above parameters within reasonable biological limits. The optimal set of parameters is predicted which will maximize the range of a bat’s echolocating system. Spectral analysis of the audible sounds emitted by free flying bats of the species Tadarida macrotis shows that these clicks are longer and louder than has previously been reported for similar low frequency modulated indicates that they are being used …

Spacing And Orientation Of The Siphons Of The Tunicate, Styela Plicata, Alfred Page Chestnut

Master's Theses

The spacing and orientation of sipons of Styela plicata (Lesueur)in swift and slow currents were examined. Within aggre­ crates, the siphons were spaced farther apart in slow currents than in swift currents. The siphons were not horizontally oriented but were vertically oriented in slow currents. The adaptive values of spacing and orientation under different currents are discussed.

An Electrophoretic Comparison Of The Gill Plasma Membrane Proteins Of Freshwater And Saltwater-Adapted Killifish, Fundulus Heteroclitus, Earl Dean Hammit

Master's Theses

A study was undertaken to compare proteins present in the gill membranes of freshwater and salt­ water adapted killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus. For this purpose, a method for the preparation or gill plasma membranes was developed. Polyacrylarnide gel electrophoresis indicated that the two types of gills possessed many membrane proteins in common. However, the freshwater adapted group possessed a single protein not found n the saltwater adapted group and the latter contained a protein not found in the freshwater adapted group.

Quantitative Growth Relationships Of Microcoleus Vaginatus (Gom.) Ex Drouet And Alcaligenes Sp. In A Sucrose-Salts Medium, James Rexford Brownell

Master's Theses

The blue-green alga, Microcoleus vaginatus (Gom.) ex Drouet 1968, and a bacterium, Alcaligenes sp., collected from the same habitat, were cultured together and separately in mineral salts media with and without sucrose. Growth of axenic M. vaginatus was stimulated by sucrose. In association with the bacterium in sucrose-containing media algal growth was suppressed, while in inorganic media it was stimulated. Factors involved in this algal-bacterial system probably included competition for the carbon source, changes in pH, and accumulation of cellular waste and lytic products.

The Role Of The Adrenal Gland In The Survival Of White Rats Subjected To The Parotid Toxin Of The Toad, Bufo Marinus, Mark A. Green

Master's Theses

Six groups of white labor atory rats were utilized in this experiment. A sham-operated group and an adrenalectomized group were used as controls. Four other groups were adrenalectomized and given replacement therapy of cortisone, deoxycorticosterone acetate, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. All groups were then given injections of toad toxin from the parotid glands of Bufo marinus. Their heart and breathing rates were recorded for 60 minutes.

All of the untreated adrenalectomized rats showed altered heart and breathing rates and were killed by the toxin. Cortisone and nor ­ epinephrine aided the adrenalectomiz ed rats to survive. but cortisone was the …

Food And Feeding Habits Of The Rio Grande Mountain-Sucker, Pantosteus Plebeius (Baird And Girard), James A. White

Biology ETDs

The initial purpose of this work was to study the rela­tionship between Pantosteus plebeius (Baird and Girard), the Rio Grande mountain-sucker, and Catostomus commersoni (Lacépède ), the common white sucker, in Jemez Creek drainage, Sandoval County, New Mexico. Because insufficient informa­tion on Catostomus commersoni could be obtained, the food and feeding habits of Pantosteus plebeius were studied as an al­ternative.

Mountain-suckers were captured and observed in Jemez Creek drainage. The intestinal contents of 145 specimens were ex­amined in detail. The intestinal contents of other specimens were examined cursorily.

Pantosteus plebeius are omnivorous and they use a pair of cartilaginous jaw …

A Study Of The Seasonal Incidence Of The Arthropod & Helminth Parasites Of The Prairie Vole, Microtus Ochrogaster, & The Wood Mouse, Peromyscus Leucopus, In An Area Of Warren County, Kentucky, Richard Buckner

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

One-hundred and fifty Microtus ochrogaster and one-hundred and fifty-five Peromyscus leucopus were examined for arthropod and helminth parasites during a study from November, 1970 through November, 1971. The mean monthly burdens, per host, of each species of parasite and observations on the seasonal incidence of each species are reported.

Nineteen species of arthropod parasites were found; these include eight species of mites, two of chiggers, one of ticks, two of lice, five of fleas, and one of hots. Most of these species exhibited very little host specificity, although there was a definite host preference. Heavier ectoparasite burdens were found on …

Factors Affecting Calcification Processes In The Hermatypic Corals Pocillopora Damicornis And Porites Compressa, Conrad D. Clausen

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Temperature affects coral distribution and it also affects rates of physiological processes. Little attention has been given through, to the relation between the basic effect of temperature on reaction rates at the molecular level and its effect on coral distribution at the organismic level. Incubating coral samples in sea water containing ⁴⁵Ca incorporation as a measure of calcification rate, I studied the effects of temperature on calcification in two coral species, P. damicornis and P. compressa. CaCO₃ deposition was chosen because of its basic importance in reef formation. Immediate effects of temperature on calcification rates were studied, as …

The Comparative Histochemistry Of The Infective Oncospheres Of Oochoristica Osheroffi Meggitt, 1934, And Oochoristica Scelopori Voge And Fox, 1950, (Cyclophyllidea: Linstowiidae) With Notes On The Origins Of The Egg Membranes, Gary R. Coulter

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Infective oncospheres of Oochorlstica osheroffi and Oochoristica scelopori were compared using fifteen histochemical tests. Vital stains were also used.

Carnoy’s-fixed gravid proglottids were vacuum-embedded in a paraffin-piccolyte mixture and cut transversely at 6 microns. Sections were tested for the presence of phosphatases, proteins, sclerotin precursors, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and acid mucopolysaccharides.

Oncospheres were histochemlcally very similar. Heavy concentrations of mucoproteins and glycoproteins were detected in the oncospheral coat of O. scelopori. Acid phosphatase was found in the embryophore of O. osheroffi, but could not be demonstrated in O. scelopori. No evidence of a sclerotized egg capsule was …

Investigation Of Barbel Regeneration In The Catfish Ameiurus Nebulosus, Ruth-Marie E. Griswold

Senior Scholar Papers

It has been clearly demonstrated that the barbels of Ameiurus nebulosus regenerate completely following amputation. The current investigations involve experimentation dealing primarily with determination of the mechanisms by which regeneration occurs. However, prior to conducting a series of experiments designed to elucidate the processes which initiate regeneration, several preliminary investigations to determine normal barbel structure and regeneration were made.

Brain dissection of an adult catfish confirmed that innervation of the barbels is by both the fifth and seventh cranial nerves, and not solely by the seventh cranial nerve as suggested by Olmstead (1920). Further information regarding normal barbel innervation and …

Psychological Mechanisms In Learning Mathematical Concepts, Louis Fallon

Senior Scholar Papers

Psychological Mechanisms in learning Mathematical Concepts: Jean Piaget, the Swiss psychologist, did theoretical and experimental work based on the idea that there is an invariant heirarchy of responses by which everyone acquires mathematical concepts. Basically we tried to use the geometric symmetry concept as a vehicle for studying this process of concept acquisition using subjects ranging in age from three to 25. They were asked to reproduce a series of stimulus "pictures," simple geometric patterns, which could be used without major alteration for each age group. Symmetric responses were divided into four types which were set up into a heirarchy …

Some Aspects Of The Role Of Usnic Acid In Forest Ecology., Yvonne C. Rogers

Biology ETDs

Usnea tillandsioides, an aboreal lichen, was observed in great numbers on spruce and fir at an elevation of 11,200 feet in the Sangre de Cristo Range, New Mexico. The amount of fallen lichen material per hectare was estimated. When usnic acid was extracted from lichen thallus, it was demonstrated that the quantity of usnic acid was less in summer lichens than in fall lichens. By soaking lichens in water, it was possible to extract a small amount of usnic acid. However, an examination of rainwater did not indicate that usnic acid was being leached from lichens by rainfall. Soil and …

Spatial Distribution & Temporal Occurrence Of Rotifers In The Main Pool & Tailwater Of Barren Lake, Kentucky, David Abel

Biology Graduate Theses

A study of the spatial distribution and temporal occurrence and diversity of rotifers in relation to certain chemicophysical parameters was conducted in Barren Lake, Kentucky, a flood control lake, from January, 1970, through January, 1970. Paired samples were collected from six depths in the main pool area of the reservoir and from an automatic plankton sampler installed in the tailwater area where, from April through September, the effluent was derived from the upper 3 m of the pool . Diel studies were conducted in April, July, 1970, and January, 1971.

Barren Lake began to stratify in late April, was completely …

Radioimmuno Detection Of Virus, John Carlos Perez

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The commonly used techniques for viral detection are tedious, time consuming and in many cases inadequate. As a consequence, a rapid, sensitive radioimmunoassay has been developed for detecting viruses. Reovirus is reacted with homologous ¹²⁵I labeled antibody after which the antigen-antibody complexes are separated from unreacted labeled antibody by density gradient ultracentrifugation. After centrifugation, the density gradient is fractionated and the radioactivity counted in a liquid scintillation spectrometer.

The amount of activity in the lower fractions of the density gradient is directly proportional to the virus concentration. The radioimmunoassay developed has several advantages over other viral assay procedures; the …

Inorganic Mercury Uptake And Mercury Tolerance Demonstrated By Several Species Of Algae, Daniel S. Filip

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The inhibition by low concentrations of inorganic mercury has been established for several species of freshwater algae, and a method has been developed to determine mercury levels in algal cells, having good precision at levels as low as one hundred parts per billion.

Rapid sorption of inorganic mercury by glassware was minimized by using heavy algal cultures and short term incubations. The rates and extent of mercury uptake by three species of freshwater green algae were delineated under laboratory conditions. Replicate mercury containing cultures yielded slightly different mercury concentrations upon analysis due to analytical errors and glass sorption. Therefore, percent …

A Cytological, Morphological, And Anatomical Study Of Elymus Simplex, Stephan L. Hatch

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the taxonomy, report the chromosome number, report meiotic chromosome behavior, and give the anatomy of Elymus simplex Scribner and Williams. The isotype of Elymus simplex and the type description were used to compare this and other species that have been confused.

Cytological and anatomical methods are reported as an aid in clarification of the taxonomic problem that has been associated with this species.

Host-Parasite Relationship Studies Of The Larval Alfalfa Weevil And The Ichneumonid Parasite Bathyplectes Curculionis (Thomson), Yeboa A. Duodu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The parasitic effects of the ichneumonid Bathyplectes curculionis (Thomson) on the larval alfalfa weevil, Hypera postica (Gyllenhal), were studied.

Results of experiments on the rates of parasitism of the four host larval instars indicated that the first three are either preferred by the parasite over the fourth instar larvae or are more susceptible to the parasite's attack. Survival of the younger weevil larvae after their exposure to female parasites was markedly poorer than that of unparasitized larvae. Premature death of host larvae was probably from both the puncturing by the parasite's ovipositor and the feeding and other activities of parasite …