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Full-Text Articles in Other Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology
Editorial: Structure And Function Of Chloroplasts, Volume Iii, Hongbo Gao, Alistair J. Mccormick, Rebecca Roston, Yan Lu
Editorial: Structure And Function Of Chloroplasts, Volume Iii, Hongbo Gao, Alistair J. Mccormick, Rebecca Roston, Yan Lu
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
Chloroplasts are endosymbiotic organelles derived from cyanobacteria. They have a double envelope membrane, including the outer envelope and the inner envelope. A complex membrane system, thylakoids, exists inside the chloroplast. It is the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. The stroma is the main site of the carbon fixation reactions. Although photosynthesis is a very complicated process with many proteins involved, there are many other important processes that occur in chloroplasts, including the regulation of photosynthesis, the biogenesis and maintenance of the structures, carbohydrate, lipid, tetrapyrrole, amino acid, and isoprenoid metabolism, production of some phytohormones, production of specialized metabolites, …
Editorial: Structure And Function Of Chloroplasts - Volume Ii, Yan Lu, Lu Ning Liu, Rebecca L. Roston, Jurgen Soll, Hongbo Gao
Editorial: Structure And Function Of Chloroplasts - Volume Ii, Yan Lu, Lu Ning Liu, Rebecca L. Roston, Jurgen Soll, Hongbo Gao
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
An Arabidopsis Protoplast Isolation Method Reduces Cytosolic Acidification And Activation Of The Chloroplast Stress Sensor Sensitive To Freezing 2, Allison C. Barnes, Christian G. Elowsky, Rebecca Roston
An Arabidopsis Protoplast Isolation Method Reduces Cytosolic Acidification And Activation Of The Chloroplast Stress Sensor Sensitive To Freezing 2, Allison C. Barnes, Christian G. Elowsky, Rebecca Roston
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
Chloroplasts adapt to freezing and other abiotic stresses in part by modifying their membranes. One key-remodeling enzyme is SENSITIVE TO FREEZING2 (SFR2). SFR2 is unusual because it does not respond to initial cold stress or cold acclimation, instead it responds during freezing conditions in Arabidopsis. This response has been shown to be sensitive to cytosolic acidification. The unique lipid products of SFR2 have also been detected in response to non-freezing stresses, but what causes SFR2 to respond in these stresses is unknown. Here, we investigate protoplast isolation as a representative of wounding stress. We show that SFR2 oligogalactolipid products accumulate …
Lipid Transport Required To Make Lipids Of Photosynthetic Membranes, Evan Labrant, Allison C. Barnes, Rebecca Roston
Lipid Transport Required To Make Lipids Of Photosynthetic Membranes, Evan Labrant, Allison C. Barnes, Rebecca Roston
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
Photosynthetic membranes provide much of the usable energy for life on earth. To produce photosynthetic membrane lipids, multiple transport steps are required, including fatty acid export from the chloroplast stroma to the endoplasmic reticulum, and lipid transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the chloroplast envelope membranes. Transport of hydrophobic molecules through aqueous space is energetically unfavorable and must be catalyzed by dedicated enzymes, frequently on specialized membrane structures. Here, we review photosynthetic membrane lipid transport to the chloroplast in the context of photosynthetic membrane lipid synthesis. We independently consider the identity of transported lipids, the proteinaceous transport components, and membrane …
Synthesis And Transfer Of Galactolipids In The Chloroplast Envelope Membranes Of Arabidopsis Thaliana, Amélie Kelly, Barbara Kalisch, Georg Hölzl, Sandra Schulze, Juliane Thiele, Michael Melzer, Rebecca L. Roston, Christoph Benning, Peter Dörmann
Synthesis And Transfer Of Galactolipids In The Chloroplast Envelope Membranes Of Arabidopsis Thaliana, Amélie Kelly, Barbara Kalisch, Georg Hölzl, Sandra Schulze, Juliane Thiele, Michael Melzer, Rebecca L. Roston, Christoph Benning, Peter Dörmann
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
Galactolipids [monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol
(DGDG)] are the hallmark lipids of photosynthetic
membranes. The galactolipid synthases MGD1 and DGD1
catalyze consecutive galactosyltransfer reactions but localize to the
inner and outer chloroplast envelopes, respectively, necessitating
intermembrane lipid transfer. Here we show that the N-terminal
sequence of DGD1 (NDGD1) is required for galactolipid transfer
between the envelopes. Different diglycosyllipid synthases (DGD1,
DGD2, and Chloroflexus glucosyltransferase) were introduced into
the dgd1-1 mutant of Arabidopsis in fusion with N-terminal extensions
(NDGD1 and NDGD2) targeting to the outer envelope. Reconstruction
of DGDG synthesis in the outer envelope membrane was
observed only with diglycosyllipid synthase fusion …