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Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Molecular Biology
Dissecting Molecular Pathways That Ensure Proper Chromosome Segregation And Cell Division, Anna Ye
Dissecting Molecular Pathways That Ensure Proper Chromosome Segregation And Cell Division, Anna Ye
Doctoral Dissertations
Equal segregation of the genome is a prerequisite for cell survival. During cell division the duplicated DNA is compacted into chromosomes and a multi-protein macrostructure, known as the kinetochore (Kt), is assembled on each copy of compacted DNA. Simultaneously, the mitotic spindle, which is made up of microtubules (MTs), is built to facilitate the equal distribution of the chromosomes between the resulting daughter cells. Kinetochores mediate the interaction between the MTs and the chromosomes, properly positioning them for segregation. To ensure that the DNA is equally divided in every cell division, cells have built a surveillance system to detect any …
Regulated Proteolysis Of Dnaa Coordinates Cell Growth With Stress Signals In Caulobacter Crescentus, Jing Liu
Regulated Proteolysis Of Dnaa Coordinates Cell Growth With Stress Signals In Caulobacter Crescentus, Jing Liu
Doctoral Dissertations
DNA replication is an essential process in all domains of life. Replication must be precisely regulated, especially at the step of initiation. In bacteria, the replication initiator DnaA is regulated by multiple post-translational regulations to ensure timely replication. Caulobacter crescentus has the most strict replication regulation that DNA only replicates once per cell cycle, and proteolysis of DnaA identified in this species is the only irreversible way to inhibit DnaA, suggesting it might be pivotal to restricting DNA replication. However, the responsible protease(s) and mechanism for its degradation remain unclear since its first discovery in 2005. In this thesis, I …
Pore Forming Protein Assembly And The Use In Nanopore Sensing: A Study On E. Coli Proteins Clya And Ompg, Monifa Fahie
Pore Forming Protein Assembly And The Use In Nanopore Sensing: A Study On E. Coli Proteins Clya And Ompg, Monifa Fahie
Doctoral Dissertations
Pore forming proteins are typically the proteins that form channels in membranes. They have several roles ranging from molecule transport to triggering the death of a cell. This work focuses on two E. coli pore forming proteins that have vastly differing roles in nature. Outer membrane protein G (OmpG) is an innocuous β-barrel porin while Cytolysin A (ClyA) is an α-helical pore forming toxin. For OmpG we probed its potential to be a nanopore sensor for protein detection and quantification. A small high affinity ligand, biotin, was covalently attached to loop 6 of OmpG and used to capture biotin-binding proteins. …
The Key Question In Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation: How Does Host Maintain A Bacterial Symbiont?, Onur Oztas
The Key Question In Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation: How Does Host Maintain A Bacterial Symbiont?, Onur Oztas
Doctoral Dissertations
The fact that plants cannot use nitrogen in the gaseous form makes them dependent on the levels of usable nitrogen forms in the soil. Legumes overcome nitrogen limitation by entering a symbiotic association with rhizobia, soil bacteria that convert atmospheric nitrogen into usable ammonia. In root nodules, bacteria are internalized by host plant cells inside an intracellular compartment called the symbiosome where they morphologically differentiate into nitrogen-fixing forms by symbiosome-secreted host proteins. In this project, I explained the host proteins required to maintain bacterial symbionts and described their delivery to the symbiosome. I showed that the SYNTAXIN 132 (SYP132) gene …
Adaptors At Work: Regulation Of Bacterial Proteolysis By Adaptor Hierarchies, Kamal Joshi
Adaptors At Work: Regulation Of Bacterial Proteolysis By Adaptor Hierarchies, Kamal Joshi
Doctoral Dissertations
Regulated protein degradation is essential for all life. Bacteria use energy-dependent proteases to regulate protein degradation. Recognition of a substrate is enabled by the inherent specificity of the protease and by the use of adaptor proteins that widen the spectrum of recognized substrates. In Caulobacter crescentus, the timed destruction of many regulators including CtrA by the ClpXP protease drives cell cycle progression. Although, in a test tube, ClpXP can degrade CtrA by itself and does not need any helping factors, additional factors such as CpdR, RcdA and PopA are required in vivo. Understanding how these factors modulate protease …