Animal Sciences Commons^™

Tb181: 2000 Milk Processing Costs In Maine, Timothy J. Dalton, George K. Criner, John Halloran

Technical Bulletins

The objective of this study is to provide an estimate of the theoretically lowest achievable costs of processing and distributing milk in Maine. This processing and distribution margin (referred hence as "margin") is estimated for a state-of-the-art processing plant assumed to be located in the Portland, Maine, area. The plant is assumed to produce and distribute a line of products including white milk, chocolate milk, orange juice, and other fruit drinks, and to distribute additional purchased products such as cheeses and yogurts. This report will present information for four plants to better study the impact of plant size and production …

Ua66/5 Department Of Agriculture Newsletter, Wku Agriculture

WKU Archives Records

Newsletter created by WKU Agriculture Department re: faculty/staff, students/alumni, student organizations and clubs and donors.

An Accelerated Feeding Study For Dairy Beef Steers, D. R. Zobell

All Archived Publications

A large number of Holstein bull (steer) calves are produced by the dairy industry. Producers who purchase these calves should understand that depending on the production strategy employed, the economic outcome could be quite broad. Dairy beef calves that are intensively managed, using aggressive feeding strategies to achieve high levels of efficiency, increase the opportunity for profitability.

Scott Coastal Plain A Strategy For A Sustainable Future, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Bulletins 4000 -

The Scott Coastal Plain has significant attributes that make it an area of State and regional significance for agricultural production. The climate, availability of good quality groundwater for irrigation, and large lot sizes provide opportunities for mechanised horticultural production which other parts of the State may not have.

An estimate of the area that could be used for each agricultural land use has been developed, at a broad study area level. The figures presented in this report show that diversified production combining tree plantation and/or irrigation (cropping or hay/silage) with grazing enterprises provides for potential increases in gross margins and …

The Relationship Of Milk Urea Nitrogen And Dhia Production Variables In Western Commercial Dairy Herds, Rachael G. Johnson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Monthly individual cow DHIA test records (approximately 90,000) from 96 Holstein and Jersey herds from Utah, Idaho, and Montana were analyzed used the Mixed procedure in SAS to determine the relationships of milk production parameters to milk urea N (MUN). Records spanned two consecutive years ending December 2000. Means for Holsteins were 34.1 kg/d milk yield, 15.2 mg/dl MUN, 3.18% milk protein, 3.5% milk fat, and 280,000 somatic cell count. Mean MUN for Holsteins was lowest in fall (Oct.-Dec) and highest in winter and spring. Cows with highest milk protein percent (≥ 3.2%) had lowest MUN over all levels of …

Scale Up And Mass Balance Of Affinity Purification Of Native Β-Lactoglobulin, Harit K. Vyas, Jesus M. Izco, Rafael Jiménez-Flores

Dairy Science

Abstract of paper presented at the 54th Annual Reciprocal Meat Conference (2001).

Use Of Capillary Electrophoresis (Ce) To Determine Metabolic Organic Acids In Milk, Jesus M. Izco, Monica Tormo, Rafael Jiménez-Flores

Dairy Science

Abstract of paper presented at the 54th Annual Reciprocal Meat Conference (2001).

Screening And Binding Characterization Of Lactic Acid Bacteria With Milk Fat Globular Membrane Components, D. T. Elizonado-Bachiero, A. Benavides, Rafael Jiménez-Flores

Dairy Science

Abstract of paper presented at the 2001 American Society for Microbiology 104th General Meeting: New Orleans, LA.

Protein Plus : Increasing Summer Milk Protein Levels

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Protein Plus has commenced as a collaboration between the Department of Agriculture and the CSIRO Division of Livestock Industries. The project is aimed at investigating the causes of Western Australia's problems with low summer milk protein levels, and finding management solutions for farmers.

Tail Docking Dairy Cattle: Effects On Cow Cleanliness And Udder Health, Cassandra B. Tucker, David Fraser, Daniel M. Weary

Farm Animal Husbandry Collection

To determine whether tail docking would influence cow cleanliness and udder health in a free-stall system, we monitored milking cows after half the animals in a herd were docked. A sample of 223 docked and 190 undocked cows (reducing to 169 and 105 over the study as cows were dried off) were monitored for 8 wk. Cow cleanliness was scored in two areas: along the spine, and the rump adjacent to the tail at 1, 2, 3, 5, and 8 wk after docking. Cleanliness was evaluated by counting squares that were soiled (0 to 14 on a 5- × 17.5-cm …

2001 Dairy Digest, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

No abstract provided.

Genvir, Dale L. Barnard

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Flamel Technologies is developing Genvir (formerly known as Viropump), a twice-daily controlled-release formulation of aciclovir, for potential use in the treatment of herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus infections. Genvir utilizes Flamel's proprietary Micropump technology, a microparticle-based drug delivery system designed to extend the time of absorption of drugs in the small intestine. The drug shows a comparable therapeutic efficacy to valaciclovir and famciclovir (both GlaxoSmithKline) [313393]. Phase III trials have been completed [302829]. In August 2000, Flamel filed for regulatory approval for the treatment of herpes in France, as a prelude to a pan-European approval [378641] and is …

Utilization Of Alpha-1-Acid Glycoprotein Levels In The Serum As A Parameter For In Vivoassay Of Influenza Virus Inhibitors. Antivir Chem Chemother, R. W. Sidwell, M. H. Wong, K. W. Bailey, Dale L. Barnard, M. K. Jackson, Donald F. Smee

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), an acute phase protein in serum assayed by single radial immunodiffusion using a commercially available kit, was found to significantly increase in mice infected with influenza A and B viruses. Experiments were run to determine the rate of increase of serum AGP and its relation to other influenza disease parameters, including lung consolidation, development of lung virus titres, decline in arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), histopathological changes in the lung, and death of the animal. Maximal AGP levels occurred by day 3 in the animals, at about the same time lung virus titres reached their peak and inflammatory …

Inhibition Of Measles Virus Replication By 5'-Norcarbocyclic Nucleoside Analogs, Dale L. Barnard, V. Stowell, K. L. Seley, V. R. Hegde, R. Subha, P. Rajappan, S. W. Schneller, Donald F. Smee, R. W. Sidwell

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Despite intense efforts to increase vaccine coverage, measles virus (MV) still causes significant morbidity and mortality in the world, sometimes as the result of severe, chronic, lethal disease. In an effort to develop therapies to supplement immunization strategies, a number of 5′-nor carbocyclic adenosine analogues were evaluated for anti-MV activity in CV-1 monkey kidney cells. Of those compounds tested, those either unsubstituted at C4 or possessing a hydroxyl, azido or amino substituent at that position were the most active, with particularly significant inhibition of MV, strain Chicago-1. The EC50 values against this strain ranged from100 mg/ml in actively growing and …

Milk Urea Nitrogen Test (Mun), Allen Young

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Prevention Of Viral Drug Resistance By Novel Combination Therapy, W. F. Mangel, M. T. Brown, M. L. Baniecki, Dale L. Barnard, W. J. Mcgrath

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

A new form of antiviral clinical therapy is proposed in which three different drugs are administered against three different targets on the same virus-coded protein. If the physiological functions of the three different target sites are not independent of each other, then a mutation conferring drug resistance at one site may alter the physiological functions at the other sites and further drug resistance may not arise. The adenovirus proteinase, with its two cofactors that act synergistically on enzyme activity, may be a good model system within which to test the efficacy of this form of combination therapy.

Videotape - "The Milking School", Clell V. Bagley

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Antioxidants Protect Turkeys Against Toxicity Of Aflatoxin, Roger A. Coulombe Jr.

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Toxins stemming from mold in feed grains are unavoidable in poultry production. "Mycotoxins" such as aflatoxin B (AFB1) are among the most potent liver-damaging toxins known. AFB1 is also a probable human carcinogen. Poultry are the most sensitive of all farm animals to the toxic effects of even small amounts of AFB1. Although poultry don’t generally live long enough to develop cancers, AFB1-related diseases adversely affect their health. This aflatoxin can cause slowing of growth and decreased resistance to microbial pathogens that make poultry ill. Because these toxins are so pervasive in feed grains, eliminating them has proved either impractical …

Presynchronization Of Estrous Cycles In Dairy Cows Before Ovsynch + Cidr And Resynchronization Of Repeat Estrus Using The Cidr, S.Z. El-Zarkouny, J.A. Cartmill, A.M. Richardson, M.A. Medina-Britos

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Postpartum anestrus is one of the major limitations to achieving acceptable pregnancy rates. The Ovsynch protocol is an excellent tool to improve reproductive efficiency of dairy cows because it can induce estrous cycles in anestrous cows. In the first experiment, administering two PGF2" injections to lactating dairy cows 14 days apart with the second injection given 12 days before the Ovsynch protocol increased (P<0.05) pregnancy rate by 10 percentage points in cycling and noncycling cows. Inserting a progesterone-releasing insert (CIDR) for 7 days during the Ovsynch protocol did not further increase pregnancy rates. In a second experiment, a resynchronization treatment consisting of a used CIDR inserted for 7 days from days 13 to 20 after insemination increased (P<0.05) embryo survival from day 30 to 58 by 11 percentage points but failed to increase overall rate of return to estrus and conception rate at the second AI (first eligible estrus after first AI).; Dairy Day, 2001, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2001;

Use Of Py-Gc/Ms Analysis Techniques In Animal Waste Management: A Preliminary Survey Of Dairy Manures, Daniel L. Vaughn, Michael A. Kruge

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The increasing practice of industrial-scale agriculture tends to concentrate large masses of animal waste in relatively compact areas, potentially leading to excessive release of polluting nutrients into waterways during major storms. Anaerobic treatment conditions are generally favored to conserve nitrate N as an agricultural commodity. However, overall N contents in waste are often in excess of crop fertilization needs: storing excess N in soluble nitrate form increases pollution potential. Thus the perceived needs of agriculture and society-at-large become at odds. Organic nitrogen forms (e.g., proteins) are more environmentally stable and are less subject to unintentional release. Although U.S. farmers tend …

Composting Of Feedlot And Dairy Manure: Compost Characteristics And Impact On Crop Yields, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Walker Luedtke, Mark Schroeder, Charles A. Francis, Gary Lesoing

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Since 1993, approximately 17,600 tons of beef feedlot and dairy compost have been spread on 1,100 acres. Crop yields were measured to determine the impact of a one-time compost application by using no-compost check strips in large-scale production fields. Adding compost to irrigated corn, irrigated soybeans, and dryland corn acres significantly increased yields, with four-year average increases of 2.3, 1.5, and 2.7%, respectively. For all crops measured, the response to compost was greatest the first year following application and declined linearly in subsequent years. The increased yield from compost application offsets spreading costs using average prices for crops.

Effect Of Headlocks On Milk Production And Feed Intake Of Dairy Cattle (2001), John F. Smith, Joseph P. Harner, S.E. Defrain, Michael J. Brouk

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Cows previously trained with headlocks did not increase milk production or feed intake when headlocks were removed. Twoyear- old and older cows did not differ in response to headlocks and neckrails. Prudent use of headlocks increases labor efficiency of a commercial dairy. Managing a dairy without headlocks is a challenge because cows must be sorted and worked off the milking parlor flow. In the case of large milking parlors, it may be necessary to process 50-200 cows per hour. Depending upon the treatment facilities, this number of cows may create a bottleneck in the dairy. For many routine procedures, headlocks …

Impact Of Dairy Manure Addition On Soil Nutrients In Northeast And South Central Kansas (2001), T. Strahm, Joseph P. Harner, James P. Murphy, G. Mccormack

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sixty four percent of the fields (14 of 22) in northeast and south central Kansas would be able to apply dairy manure on a nitrogen basis if the current swine manure application regulations were adopted. Due to high phosphorus levels in some fields, two of the 11 fields in northeast Kansas could not have any manure applied to them. Two other fields in northeast and four fields in south central Kansas would have to limit manure application rates to annual phosphorus required by the crops. Our results indicate minimal accumulation of nitrogen and potassium in the soil profile.; Dairy Day, …

Evaluation Of Heat Stress In 4- And 6-Row Freestall Buildings Located In Northwest Iowa (2001), John F. Smith, Joseph P. Harner, Michael J. Brouk

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A trial was conducted in the summer of 2000 to evaluate the effect of 4- and 6-row freestall barns located in northwest Iowa on barn temperature, barn humidity, and respiration rates of lactating Holstein cows. Temperature, temperature-humidity index (THI), and respiration rates were greater in 6-row than 4-row freestall barns. Respiration rates were greater in 6-row versus 4-row buildings. The magnitude of difference in the temperature and THI variables may not explain the differences detected in respiration rates. It is possible that a relationship between animal density and social interaction could increase respiration rates when animal density is increased. It …

Performance Of Holstein Cows Fed Wet Corn Gluten Feed Or Soyhull-Steep Liquor Pellets During Early Lactation (2001), E.E. Ferdinand, Evan C. Titgemeyer, A.F. Park, J.M. Defrain

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Wet corn gluten feed and soyhull-steep liquor pellets tended to increase dry matter intake and milk yield. Combining condensed corn steep liquor with raw soybean hulls provides a convenient source of digestible fiber and rumen degradable protein.; Dairy Day, 2001, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2001;

Influence Of Freestall Building Orientation On Comfort Of Lactating Dairy Cattle During Summer Heat Stress (2001), John F. Smith, Joseph P. Harner, Michael J. Brouk

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A trial was conducted during the summer of 2000 to evaluate the effect of freestall building orientation"”east-west vs. northsouth"” on respiration rates of lactating dairy cows, temperature-humidity index (THI) in the barns, barn temperature, and barn humidity. Differences between ambient and barn temperature and THI were higher in east-west vs. north-south orientated barns. Respiration rates were higher in north-south than in east-west orientated structures. The magnitude of differences between barn and ambient temperatures and THI did not fully explain differences in respiration rates between north-south and east-west orientated barns. Other factors such as solar radiation, airflow, and animal stress may …

Extralabel Mastitis Therapy: What Does It Mean? (2001), J.R. Roberson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Extra-label drug use (ELDU) is needed to provide optimal therapy for ill dairy cattle. Proper ELDU requires cooperation and compliance between the veterinarian and producer to ensure that proper drug withdrawal times are observed.; Dairy Day, 2001, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2001;

Management Of Natural Service Bulls On Large Dairies (2001), P.J. Chenoweth, John F. Smith

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Natural service (NS) bulls are widely used on large dairy farms despite the wellproven genetic progress achievable through AI. Producers may choose to use NS bulls for a variety of reasons that are discussed below. In this presentation, problems encountered with the use of NS bulls on a large dairy in Kansas are described in relation to reduced reproductive performance on that dairy. Lameness in bulls was considered to be a major contributing factor to reduced herd reproductive performance, with seminal vesiculitis also possibly playing a role. Possible contributing factors for the occurrence of these problems in the bull population …

Impact Of Milk Production And Important Management Factors On The Process Of Dry-Off In Lactating Dairy Cows (2001), R.T. Dingwell, K.E. Leslie, J.M. Sargeant, Y.H. Schukken

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A study of 250 cows located in Canada and the United States revealed the rate of new mammary infections was 9.9% during the dry period. Average milk production on the day prior to dry-off was 13.2 ± 7.2 kg. The odds of a cow developing a new infection was three times greater if the cow was producing more than 5 kg of milk. After 6 weeks of the dry period, 25% of the teats still remained open. This research will serve as the foundation to investigate and implement management strategies prior to dry-off that might improve the overall udder health …

Fertility After Synchronization Of Estrus In Dairy Heifers Using Gnrh, Pgf2Α, And Progesterone (Cidr) (2001), A.M. Richardson, B.A. Hensley, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Our objective was to determine fertility of heifers after synchronization of estrus using PGF2", preceded by progesterone, GnRH, or both. Dairy heifers (n = 246) were assigned randomly to three treatments: 1) 50 :g of GnRH given 6 d before 25 mg of PGF2 (d "“1) plus a used intravaginal progesteronereleasing insert (CIDR-B; d "“7 to 0; CIDR+GnRH); 2) same as CIDR+GnRH without the GnRH (CIDR); and 3) same as CIDR+GnRH without the used CIDR (GnRH). All heifers were fitted with Heat- Watch® patches and characteristics of estrus examined before AI included duration of estrus, number of standing events, and …