Life Sciences Commons^™

Effect Of Calendaring On Flexographic Print Ability Of Linerboard, William P. Woods

Masters Theses

Today's corrugated board end user demands a higher quality than ever. Retailing techniques are moving toward so-called ''value-added packaging," which consists of high quality printed packaging that works to sell the product from the shelf. To preserve'its dominance in the corrugated market, the flexographic printing industry must find new ways to cost effectively satisfy the new demands.

One possibility is the use of an additional calendering step to give the linerboard better printability. This study evaluated two different types of calenders: the shoe (extended nip) calender and the hot/soft nip calender (Appendix A). The test material was commercially produced linerboard, …

Fundamental Study Of The Coating And Basesheet Influences On Gloss In Relationship To Coated Inkjet Papers, Raja Ramakrishnan

Masters Theses

The use of fumed metallic oxides for glossy ink jet media offers alternatives to expensive cast coated and extruded film methods. Fumed metallic oxide pigments provide a high internal porosity and packing porosity that enable the rapid diffusion of liquid inks into the coating layer. Their small particle size (0.1-0.3μm), enable the development of gloss. However, calendering is needed to develop gloss values in the range of cast coated and extruded film grades.

Calendering of coated sheet reduces production speed, adds additional handling and rewinding cost (if performed off-line) and reduces the bulk and porosity of the coating layer, consequently …

Capture And On-Site Release Of Nuisance Black Bears And Survival Of Orphaned Black Bears Released In The Great Smoky Mountains, Jay Edwin Clark

Masters Theses

Since the establishment of Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP) in 1934, interactions between black bears (Ursus americanus) and visitors have been a regular occurrence. Prior to 1990, capture and relocation was the primary management alternative for nuisance bears in GSMNP. Since 1990, wildlife biologists in GSMNP have used capture and on-site release as an aversive conditioning technique for nuisance black bears. This technique involves capturing and immobilizing bears that frequent developed areas, collecting biological data, and releasing the bears back into the same area. The premise of this technique is to reinforce the natural fear of humans and thereby …

Maternal Employment And Dietary Quality Of Children Aged 42-60 Months, Lynn A. Samson

Masters Theses

(From the Summary): Abbreviated Maternal employment is becoming more the usual than an exception. Employment can be beneficial for mothers, providing satisfaction and increasing self-esteem. On the other hand, it can be stressful juggling between the roles of employee and mother. Other family members might help ease some of the burden, but mothers still bear most of the responsibility of child care and household responsibilities. Working mothers have less time to spend on food and nutrition. In most cases, the diets of children whose mothers are employed do not differ from children of mothers who are not employed, …

Effect Of Various Starch Sources On The Silicone Holdout Of Release Paper, Chandrasekaran Duraiswamy

Masters Theses

Siliconized papers are widely being used from food and packaging industry to pressure sensitive label industry and their use has increased considerably over the last decade. Surface and structural properties of the sheet influence the silicone hold out and release properties.

Surface sizing of the sheet is done prior to silicone coating. The objective of this research is to find their film forming capabilities, fluid hold out of various starches, and the effect of the various calendering process on the release properties was also studied.

No significant difference between the starch sources were observed, except for the modified com starch …

Reactive Oxygen Species Generated By Depletion Of Cellular Glutathione Mediate Cadmium Cytotoxicity, Jun Xu

Masters Theses

Studies were put forth to test whether or not reactive oxygen species, which are influenced by the cellular level of reduced glutathione, mediate the toxicity of cadmium. Cadmium has been a focal point in the health care community in the past few years because it has been shown to induce the development of tumors, interfere with cellular signaling, and cause damage to organs, tissues, and biomolecules. Although various studies and theories have been proposed, little direct evidence, especially from studies utilizing primary cells in culture, has accumulated to show the mechanism by which the cadmium induced toxicity occurs.

Our studies …

Use Of Boron Compounds To Reduce Phototyellowing Of Mechanical Pulps, Qilin Zhou

Masters Theses

Bleached chemithermomechanical pulps (BCTMP) are replacing chemical pulps such as bleached kraft pulp (BKP) in many paper grades. However, the loss of brightness that arises from exposure to light remains a significant impediment to the wider use of these pulps. Efforts have been made in reducing photoyellowing, but so far no universal, economical method has been found which converts high-yield pulp into a product with brightness stability comparable to that of a bleached chemical pulp.

This study evaluates the ability of sodium borate and/or boric acid to inhibit the yellowing process of paper that was made from BCTMP, with an …

Characterization Of Nih-3t3 Mouse Fibroblast Cells Transfected With The Somatostatin Receptor Subtype 2 And The Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Shp-1, Scott Bradford Cross

Masters Theses

The hormone Somatostatin (SMS) and its analogs have been shown to mediate a variety of cellular actions including inhibition of cellular growth and differentiation of endocrine tumors such as insulinomas and glucagonomas. The mechanisms by which SMS exerts its antitumorigenic effects are poorly understood but are thought to include one of the five Somatostatin receptors (SSTR1-5), and the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1. To determine if the antiproliferative effects of SMS were due to the presence of the SSTR2 receptor or the stimulation of SHP-1, we introduced cDNA's of the SMS receptor SSTR2, SHP-1, and a dominant negative mutant of SHP-1 …

Borax As A Strength Additive In Recycling, Siva Krishnagopal Devisetti

Masters Theses

The effect of multiple recycling on strength properties and fiber properties like strength of fiber, weighted average fiber length, fines percentage and water retention values were investigated in this study. Borax was used as a strength aid and swelling agent to improve the flexibility of fiber and strength of recycled paper. Bleached softwood kraft pulp was used to make the hand sheets and recycled repeatedly for up to four cycles. The main objectives were to evaluate the chemically treated pulp and untreated pulp at each stage of recycling, to study the effect of multiple recycling on strength properties of paper …

The Influence Of Fumed Metallic Oxides On Coating Structure And Their Relationships To Print Quality, Hyun-Kook Lee

Masters Theses

Aqueous-based coating for paper or paperboard applications use traditional coating pigments such as clay, calcium carbonate, and titanium dioxide. But, for matte coated ink jet papers, amorphous and gelled silicas are used due to their unique morphological properties, which are sponge-like in nature. The unique structure of these pigments provides an internal porosity and packing porosity which enables the rapid diffusion of liquid inks into the coating layer. The rapid uptake of the ink immobilizes the anionic dyes at the surface of the coating, allowing high optical print densities to be achieved.

The particle size of precipitated and gelled silicas …

Effects Of Relocating Wild Northern Bobwhites Into Managed Quail Habitat In Middle Tennessee, Jeffrey G. Jones

Masters Theses

The effects and feasibility of relocating wild northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) quail into managed quail habitat in middle Tennessee were studied on the Maddox farm located in the southeastern portion of Houston County, Tennessee. Data were collected during portions of 2 years beginning in January 1994, and ending in March 1996. The major objectives of the study were to evaluate the effects relocated wild bobwhites might have on an existing resident quail population, and to determine the feasibility of relocating quail wild quail as a potential management tool. Study objectives were accomplished by obtaining data necessary to compare …

Land-Use And Other Factors Affecting The Distribution Of Aquatic Macroinvertebrates In The Richland Creek Watershed On Walden Ridge In Tennessee, Jack Thomas Pickett

Masters Theses

In this study aquatic invertebrates were sampled in riffle habitats of the 4 branches of Richland Creek on Walden Ridge, Tennessee (1800 feet elevation). The 4 branches have low-gradient upper portions on the ridge top and high-gradient lower portions in the canyons that descend the ridge. Pine plantations (pinus taeda) cover about 33% of the watershed, with the coverage of the 4 branch creeks varying from 6% to 90%. The pH and total alkalinity of the 4 branch creeks were found to be inversely correlated with the amount of pine plantation coverage of the watersheds of the creeks, …

Dimethyldioxirane In Tcf Bleaching Sequences, Nayereh Mahdavi

Masters Theses

The use of chlorine containing bleaching process creates various organic compounds such as chlorinated furan, dioxin, and AOX (adsorbable organic halogen). The human and aquatic life has been affected with the formation of these chlorinated organic compounds. EPA is proposing new regulations to impose discharge limits on the conventional pollutant materials of the bleaching effluents.

The objective of this research was to evaluate two TCF (Total Chlorine Free) bleaching sequences that use hydrogen peroxide and DMD on oxygen delignified hardwood kraft pulp. In one of the sequences, the DMD stage (A) was used prior to the hydrogen peroxide stage (P), …

Effects Of Temperature Control On Gravure Packaging Inks, Rodrigo Sosa

Masters Theses

It is well known that variations in ink temperature cause a variation in color density and viscosity. The viscosity of almost all liquids decreases with increasing temperature. In this research project, three different ink temperatures were selected to measure the effects of temperature control on solvent and ink consumption and on printability. Two colors were selected (magenta and cyan) and two heat exchangers were constructed to cool and/or heat the ink.

It was found that variations in ink temperature cause variation in solvent and ink consumption. As the temperature of the ink increases, solvent consumption and ink consumption increase, but …

A Comparison Of Nutritional Knowledge, Eating Attitudes, Training Regimens, And Body Composition Between Normal And Abnormal Menstruating Female Adolescent Cross Country Athletes, Dena Maureen Block

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to compare factors that may influence menstrual irregularities of female adolescent high school cross-country runners, ranging from 13-18 years of age. A survey was utilized to determine the subjects age, year in school, exercise history, menstrual history, and training regimens and where the subjects sought nutritional information. The groups were separated according to their current menstrual status. One group (normal) consisted of subjects who currently had a normal menstrual cycle for at least one year (n=17), while the other group (abnormal) (n=18) experienced an irregular menstrual cycle.

A twenty item questionnaire was administered to …

Investigating The Allosteric Behavior Of Malate Dehydrogenase From Escherichia Coli, Eman M. Ghanem

Masters Theses

Regulatory mechanisms of malate dehydrogenase from E.coli (eMDH) involving NADH as an allosteric effector were investigated. The reaction was studied in both directions: malate oxidation and oxaloacetate reduction. When malate was the variable substrate, a plot of rate against substrate concentration was sigmoidal in the presence of 0.065 mM NADH, which indicates the presence of an allosteric site for NADH on the enzyme. Binding of NADH at the allosteric site causes conformational changes in the active site and, thereby, changes the catalytic activity of the enzyme. An increase in K_m value, from 1.3 to 3.9 mM malate was observed, …

Vascular Flora Of The Allison Prairie, Lawrence County, Illinois, Brian R. Garrard

Masters Theses

Allison Prairie in Lawrence County, Illinois is a five acre recreation of a gravel prairie. The Allison Prairie Restoration is the largest and best remaining example of a sand and gravel prairie in the Wabash Border Natural Division of Illinois. A total of 112 species of vascular plants representing 35 families are known to exist at the Allison Prairie Restoration (Table 1). Heterotheca camporum (Greene) Shinners (golden aster), Melilotus alba Medic. (white sweet clover), and Sporobolus asper (Michx.) Kunth (dropseed) are dominants (Table 2 and 3). There is 1 gymnosperm species, Juniperus virginiana L. (red cedar), 30 monocot species and …

Alarm Calls Affect Foraging Behavior In Eastern Chipmunks (Tamias Striatus), Jessica K. Baack

Masters Theses

I used playback experiments to test whether alarm calls affected the foraging behavior of Eastern chipmunks (Tamias striatus). I subjected chipmunks, foraging at artificial feeding stations, to three playback treatments (silent, control noise, and alarm call) and examined changes in vigilant and foraging behavior. Chipmunks responded to alarm calls with a greater degree and duration of vigilant behavior, such as look-ups and alert postures. Chipmunks also ran a shorter distance to cover, ran more directly to cover, and took longer to re-emerge from the burrow after hearing an alarm call. Alarm calls caused individuals to spend more time …

A Comparison Of The Health Belief Model And Stages Of Change In Exercise Behavior Construct In Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients, Tracey Phillips

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to compare the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the STAGES theoretical constructs in the uncovering of influencing factors associated with exercise compliance behaviors in cardiac rehabilitation subjects.

Sixty subjects who had experienced a cardiac event and who were attending a phase II outpatient cardiac rehabilitation program participated in this study. A questionnaire regarding health beliefs and exercise behavior classification was administered. Questions pertained to general health motivations, effectiveness of the intervention, perception of disease severity, perception of susceptibility and the stage of exercise behavior.

An analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc comparison statistical …