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Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

2004

Animal Sciences

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Articles 61 - 75 of 75

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Effects Of Increasing Meat And Bone Meal On Finishing-Pig Growth Performance (2004), R O. Gottlob, C W. Hastad, K R. Lawrence, C N. Groesbeck, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Effects Of Increasing Meat And Bone Meal On Finishing-Pig Growth Performance (2004), R O. Gottlob, C W. Hastad, K R. Lawrence, C N. Groesbeck, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 156 finishing pigs (72 barrows and 84 gilts, initially 110 lb) were used to determine the effects on growth performance of increasing meat and bone meal. Pigs were housed in an environmentally regulated finishing building, with two pigs per pen. There were six pens of barrows and seven pens of gilts per treatment. Pigs were blocked by initial weight and sex, and then allotted to one of six dietary treatments. The dietary treatments were based on corn-soybean meal, were formulated on a true-ileal-digestible (TID) lysine basis, and were fed in three phases. In each phase, diets contained …

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The Effect Of Replacing Specialty Protein Sources With Synthetic Amino Acids In Phase 2 Nursery-Pig Diets (2004), N Z. Frantz, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

The Effect Of Replacing Specialty Protein Sources With Synthetic Amino Acids In Phase 2 Nursery-Pig Diets (2004), N Z. Frantz, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A 28-d growth study with a total of 1,500 pigs (7 d after weaning and 14.5 lb initial BW) was conducted to compare differences in pig performance when fed either fish meal, poultry meal, or synthetic amino acids in a phase 2 nursery-pig diet. In addition, pigs were fed either a negative-control diet (predominately soybean meal without specialty protein sources) or a positive-control diet containing both blood meal and fish meal. Spray-dried whey was added to all diets at 10% and fat was added at 3%. All diets were formulated to meet minimum amino acid ratios. From d 7 to …

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Effect Of Dietary L-Carnitine And Ractopamine-Hcl (Paylean) On The Metabolic Response To Handling In Growing-Finishing Pigs (2004), B W. James, J C. Woodworth, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Effect Of Dietary L-Carnitine And Ractopamine-Hcl (Paylean) On The Metabolic Response To Handling In Growing-Finishing Pigs (2004), B W. James, J C. Woodworth, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments (384 pigs) were conducted to determine the interactive effect of dietary L-carnitine and ractopamine·HCl (Paylean) on the metabolic response to handling. Experiments were arranged as split plots, with handling as the main plot and diet as subplots (4 pens/treatment). Dietary Lcarnitine (0 or 50 ppm) was fed from 85 lb to the end of the trials (260 lb) and Paylean (0 or 20 ppm) was fed for the last 4 wk of each trial. At the end of each trial, two pigs per pen were assigned to one of two handling treatments. Gentle-handled pigs were moved at a …

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The Effect Of A Probiotic, Ke-01, And Neoterramycin On Nursery Pig Growth Performance (2004), N Z. Frantz, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

The Effect Of A Probiotic, Ke-01, And Neoterramycin On Nursery Pig Growth Performance (2004), N Z. Frantz, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A 35-d growth study with a total of 168 weanling pigs (21 ± 2 d of age) was conducted to determine the effects of feeding a probiotic, (KE-01) and an antibiotic, Neoterramycin (neomycin 140 g/ton, oxytetracycline 140 g/ton), on nursery pig performance. Experimental treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial with main effects of antibiotic (none or neomycin 140g/ton and oxytetracycline 140g/ton) or probiotic (none or KE-01, 0.35%). KE-01 is a probiotic containing a novel strain of lactobacillus casei. A KE-01 by Neoterramycin interaction was observed for ADFI (P<0.05) from d 14 to 35, but no other interactions were detected. From d 0 to 14, pigs fed diets containing Neoterramycin had improved (P<0.01) ADG, ADFI, and F/G compared with those of pigs fed diets without Neoterramycin. Pigs fed diets containing KE- 01 had similar growth performance to that of pigs fed diets without KE-01. From d 14 to 35, pigs fed diets containing Neoterramycin had increased ADG compared with that of pigs fed diets without Neoterramycin. The ADG of pigs fed diets containing KE-01 did not differ from that of pigs fed diets without KE-01. There was a tendency for pigs fed KE- 01 to consume less feed, whereas pigs fed Neoterramycin ate more (KE-01 × Neoterramycin interaction, P<0.05). Pigs fed diets containing KE-01 tended to have improved F/G (P<0.07), compared with that of pigs fed diets without KE-01. Overall, d 0 to 35, pigs fed diets containing Neoterramycin had increased ADG and ADFI (P<0.01), compared with those of pigs fed diets without Neoterramycin. In addition, pigs fed diets containing KE-01 had similar ADG and ADFI to those of pigs fed diets without KE-01. Pigs fed diets containing KE-01 had improved F/G (P<0.03), compared with that of pigs fed diets without KE-01. In summary, the probiotic, KE-01, did not significantly increase ADG or ADFI, but did improve F/G because it slightly lowered feed intakes. Neoterramycin improved ADG, ADFI, and F/G, compared with those of diets without Neoterramycin in this study.; Swine Day, 2004, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2004

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Determining The Optimal Lysine To Calorie Ratio For Growth Performance Of 20- To 50-Lb Genetiporc Nursery Pigs (2004), J D. Schneider, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Determining The Optimal Lysine To Calorie Ratio For Growth Performance Of 20- To 50-Lb Genetiporc Nursery Pigs (2004), J D. Schneider, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of increasing dietary lysine and energy density on nursery-pig performance. Exp. 1 was organized as a combination of two simultaneous experiments, with one set of diets consisting of five treatments with increasing TID lysine (0.99, 1.07, 1.14, 1.22, and 1.30%) concentrations, and the second set of diets consisting of five treatments with increasing energy density (1342, 1406, 1471, 1535, and 1600 kcal/lb). The highest l of both lysine and energy density (1.30% and 1600 kcal/lb, respectively) were combined as one diet and used in both the lysine and energy-density titrations to give …

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Determination Of The Apparent And True Ileal Amino Acid Digestibility And Digestible And Metabolizable Energy Of Specialty Protein Sources Intended For Nursery Pig Diets (2004), R O. Gottlob, C W. Hastad, K R. Lawrence, D A. Knabe, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Determination Of The Apparent And True Ileal Amino Acid Digestibility And Digestible And Metabolizable Energy Of Specialty Protein Sources Intended For Nursery Pig Diets (2004), R O. Gottlob, C W. Hastad, K R. Lawrence, D A. Knabe, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to determine the apparent and true-ileal amino acid digestibility, and to determine the digestible energy and metabolizable energy values of rice protein concentrate, salmon protein hydrolysate, whey protein concentrate, and spray-dried animal plasma. The experimental ingredients were analyzed for essential and non-essential amino acids and crude protein so diets could be formulated. In Exp.1, pigs were fed each diet, and ileal digesta was collected and analyzed. Apparent and true digestibilities were then calculated. In Exp. 2, pigs were fed each diet and feces were collected, weighed, and sampled. Lab analyses were conducted for the determination of …

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Estrus Synchronization Of Replacement Beef Heifers By Using Gnrh, Prostaglandin F2Α (Pgf), And Progesterone (Cidr): A Multi-Location Study (2004), J.E. Larson, G.C. Lamb, T.W. Geary, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, Sandra K. Johnson, M.L. Day, D.J. Kesler, J.M. Dejarnette, D.G. Landblom, D. Whittier Jan 2004

Estrus Synchronization Of Replacement Beef Heifers By Using Gnrh, Prostaglandin F2Α (Pgf), And Progesterone (Cidr): A Multi-Location Study (2004), J.E. Larson, G.C. Lamb, T.W. Geary, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, Sandra K. Johnson, M.L. Day, D.J. Kesler, J.M. Dejarnette, D.G. Landblom, D. Whittier

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Our objectives were to determine whether a fixed-timed artificial insemination (TAI) protocol could yield similar fertility rates to a protocol requiring detection of estrus and whether an injection of gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone (GnRH) at CIDR (vaginal insert containing progesterone) insertion enhances pregnancy rates. Replacement beef heifers (n=2,077) from 12 locations were assigned randomly to each of four estrussynchronization protocols. All heifers received a CIDR for 7 days, and an injection of prostaglandin F2α(PGF) on the day of CIDR removal. For treatment EAI, heifers were observed for estrus for 84 hours after PGF administration and were inseminated 6 to 12 hours …

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Plasma Metabolites Of Receiving Heifers And The Relationship Between Bovine Respiratory Disease, Weight Gain, And Carcass Characteristics (2004), Sean P. Montgomery, J.J. Sindt, M.A. Greenquist, W.F. Miller, J.N. Pike, E.J. Good, E.R. Loe, M.J. Sulpizio, T.J. Kessen, James S. Drouillard Jan 2004

Plasma Metabolites Of Receiving Heifers And The Relationship Between Bovine Respiratory Disease, Weight Gain, And Carcass Characteristics (2004), Sean P. Montgomery, J.J. Sindt, M.A. Greenquist, W.F. Miller, J.N. Pike, E.J. Good, E.R. Loe, M.J. Sulpizio, T.J. Kessen, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Six hundred sixty-five crossbred beef heifers initially weighing 495 lb were used to evaluate rectal temperature and plasma glucose, lactate, and urea nitrogen at initial processing as indicators of health status of newly arrived receiving cattle. We also evaluated the relationship between bovine respiratory disease (BRD), weight gain, and carcass characteristics. An increased number of treatments for BRD was associated with lower (linear, P<0.01) plasma glucose and lactate concentrations at initial processing. Elevated rectal temperatures at initial processing were associated with a greater number of treatments for BRD (linear, P<0.03). Initial body weight, final body weight, and average daily gain during the receiving period were progressively less (linear, P<0.01) as the number of treatments for BRD increased, whereas grazing-period gain was progressively greater with more frequent treatment for BRD during the receiving period (linear, P<0.01). Finishing-period gain, final body weight, hot carcass weight, fat thickness, and marbling score were linearly decreased (P<0.05) with increased treatmentfor BRD during the receiving period. These data suggest that initial plasma glucose and lactate concentrations might be associated with the health of newly arrived receiving cattle and that increased incidence of BRD in cattle is associated with lower weight gain and carcass quality.

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Effects Of Route Of Administration Of A Commercially Available Mannheimia (Pasteurella) Haemolytica Vaccine On Titer Levels (2004), T.T. Marston, Donald A. Llewellyn, Gerald L. Stokka, Larry C. Hollis Jan 2004

Effects Of Route Of Administration Of A Commercially Available Mannheimia (Pasteurella) Haemolytica Vaccine On Titer Levels (2004), T.T. Marston, Donald A. Llewellyn, Gerald L. Stokka, Larry C. Hollis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred thirteen Hereford x Angus heifer calves (average weight = 515 lb) were allotted to one of three treatments: 1) control, no vaccine; 2) a 2-cc subcutaneous injection of One-Shot® (Pfizer Animal Health), a Mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica vaccine, three weeks before weaning; or 3) a ½-cc intradermal injection of One-Shot, three weeks before weaning. All heifers were weighed and blood samples harvested at time of injection, three weeks later at weaning, and then 28 days later. After weaning, heifers were confined to a common pen and fed free-choice brome hay and approximately 5 lb/head daily of a concentrate. Blood …

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Effects Of Ammonia Load On Amino Acid Utilization By Growing Steers (2004), M.S. Awawdeh, K.C. Mccuistion, D.P. Gnad, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 2004

Effects Of Ammonia Load On Amino Acid Utilization By Growing Steers (2004), M.S. Awawdeh, K.C. Mccuistion, D.P. Gnad, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ruminally cannulated steers were used in two experiments to study effects of rumen ammonia load on methionine and leucine utilization. All steers were limit-fed a diet based on soybean hulls, received ruminal infusions of volatile fatty acids and abomasal infusions of glucose to provide energy, and received an abomasal infusion containing a mixture of all essential amino acids except methionine in Exp. 1 or leucine in Exp. 2. Treatments were arranged as 3 x 2 factorials and included urea (0, 40, or 80 g/day) infused ruminally and methionine (2 or 5 g/day) infused abomasally in Exp. 1 and leucine (0, …

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Effects Of Energy Level On Methionine Utilization By Growing Steers (2004), G.F. Schroeder, M.S. Awawdeh, D.P. Gnad, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 2004

Effects Of Energy Level On Methionine Utilization By Growing Steers (2004), G.F. Schroeder, M.S. Awawdeh, D.P. Gnad, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of energy level on amino acid utilization in growing steers. Six ruminally cannulated Holstein steers (503 lb) were limit-fed (6.2 lb/day dry matter) a diet based on soybean hulls (83%), wheat straw (7.6%), and cane molasses (4.1%). The treatments consisted of the infusion of two methionine levels (0 or 3 g/d) and three energy levels (0, 1.3, or 2.6 Mcal ME/day) in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. Energy was supplied through ruminal infusion of acetate, propionate, and butyrate and through abomasal infusion of glucose and fat in increasing amounts. …

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Changes In Breeding Soundness Evaluation During A Breeding Season (2004), A.W. Thompson, T.T. Marston, M. Sanderson, P. Chenoweth Jan 2004

Changes In Breeding Soundness Evaluation During A Breeding Season (2004), A.W. Thompson, T.T. Marston, M. Sanderson, P. Chenoweth

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Breeding-soundness evaluations are a common tool in the beef industry to test a bull's potential fertility. These evaluations place a bull into one of three categories: satisfactory, unsatisfactory, or deferred. These categories only refer to the bull at a specific time, and his status can and will change over time. The purpose of this report is to explain and demonstrate the changes in a bull's breeding- soundness evaluations during a breeding season.

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Short-Term Progestin Estrus Synchronization With Timed Insemination For Beef Heifers: Cidr Vs. Mga (2004), A.W. Thompson, D.R. Eborn, L.D. Keenan, David M. Grieger Jan 2004

Short-Term Progestin Estrus Synchronization With Timed Insemination For Beef Heifers: Cidr Vs. Mga (2004), A.W. Thompson, D.R. Eborn, L.D. Keenan, David M. Grieger

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Recently, a new product, Eazi-Breed CIDR (a vaginal insert containing progesterone), was approved for estrus synchronization in beef heifers. In previous studies the CIDR has produced excellent estrus synchrony, but it is more costly than the commonly used progestin, melengestrol acetate (MGA). Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the CIDR to MGA in a shorter-term timed breeding program. Seventy-seven commercial beef replacement heifers were assigned to one of two treatments, CIDR (n=38) or MGA (n=39). Each heifer in the CIDR treatment group received a CIDR on day 1, which was removed on day 7. The MGA treatment …

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Evaluation Of Nitrogen Availability In Liquid Feedstuffs (2004), E.A. Elwakeel, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard Jan 2004

Evaluation Of Nitrogen Availability In Liquid Feedstuffs (2004), E.A. Elwakeel, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We developed an in vitro assay to assess ruminal availability of protein in liquid feeds containing soluble protein/nitrogen. Microbial mass accumulating as a result of assimilation of dietary nitrogen by ruminal microbes during an in vitro fermentation is measured. In the assay, microbial growth is most limited by the availability of protein/nitrogen, so microbial mass is proportional to the amount of available nitrogen in the sample. In liquid feeds that we generated in the laboratory, ruminal nitrogen availability decreased in response to mild heating, and the decline was greater for feedstuffs containing true protein rather than urea. Addition of salt …

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Failure To Eliminate The Carrier State Of Anaplasma Marginale By Using Long-Acting Injectable Oxytetracycline (2004), D. Gnad, T. Marston, Donald A. Llewellyn, G. Palmer, Larry C. Hollis Jan 2004

Failure To Eliminate The Carrier State Of Anaplasma Marginale By Using Long-Acting Injectable Oxytetracycline (2004), D. Gnad, T. Marston, Donald A. Llewellyn, G. Palmer, Larry C. Hollis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Thirty-four Anaplasma marginale seropositive cows from a herd of 236 were allocated to treatments: 5 animals served as untreated controls, and 29 animals were treated with three injections of long-acting oxytetracycline at three-day intervals. Fourteen days after initiation of treatment, 100% of control cows and 89% of treated cows were found to have Anaplasma marginale present. Seventyfour days after initiation of treatment, 100% of control cows and 86% of treated cows were found to have Anaplasma marginale present. Use of injectable long-acting oxytetracycline was not effective in eliminating the carrier state of Anaplasma marginale from infected animals.

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