Life Sciences Commons^™

C-Terminal 23 Kda Polypeptide Of Soybean Gly M Bd 28 K Is A Potential Allergen, Ping Xiang, Eric J. Haas, Michael G. Zeece, John P. Markwell, Gautam Sarath

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Gly m Bd 28 K is a major soybean (Glycine max Merr.) glycoprotein allergen. It was originally identified as a 28 kDa polypeptide in soybean seed flour. However, the full-length protein is encoded by an open reading frame (ORF) of 473 amino acids, and contains a 23 kDa C-terminal polypeptide of as yet unknown allergenic and structural characteristics. IgE-binding (allergenic potential) of the Gly m Bd 28 K protein including the 23 kDa C-terminal portion as well as shorter fragments derived from the full-length ORF were evaluated using sera from soy-sensitive adults. All of these sera contained IgE that …

Shiga Toxin Binding To Isolated Porcine Tissues And Peripheral Blood Leukocytes, Kellie R. K. Winter, William C. Stoffregen, Evelyn A. Dean-Nystrom

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Shiga toxin (Stx) binding sites in porcine tissues and leukocytes were identified by the use of Stx overlay and anti-CD77/Gb3 immunoassays. Stx1 and Stx2 bound to similar tissue locations and leukocytes, although some differences were noted. Previously unreported Stx binding sites were identified in kidney tubules, intestinal lymphoid aggregates, sinusoidal liver cells, alveolar macrophages, and peripheral blood leukocytes.

National Program Assessment, Animal Health: 2000-2004, Cyril G. Gay

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

National Program Assessments are conducted every five-years through the organization of one or more workshop. Workshops allow the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) to periodically update the vision and rationale of each National Program and assess the relevancy, effectiveness, and responsiveness of ARS research. The National Program Staff (NPS) at ARS organizes National Program Workshops to facilitate the review and simultaneously provide an opportunity for customers, stakeholders, and partners to assess the progress made through the National Program and provide input for future modifications to the National Program or the National Program’s research agenda. A workshop for Animal Health has been …

Chemical Composition That Attract Arthropods- Patent 2004, Ulrich R. Bernier, Donald R. Barnard, Matthew Booth, Daniel Kline, Kenneth H. Posey, Richard A. Yost

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Compositions and methods employing the compositions for attracting arthropods. The compositions comprise at least one compound of formula I and at least one compound from group II.

Long Polar Fimbriae Contribute To Colonization By Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Vivo, Dianna M. Jordan, Nancy Cornick, Alfredo G. Torres, Evelyn A. Dean-Nystrom, James B. Kaper, Harley W. Moon

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The contribution of long polar fimbriae to intestinal colonization by Escherichia coli O157:H7 was evaluated in sheep, conventional pigs, and gnotobiotic piglets. E. coli O157:H7 strains with lpfA1 and lpfA2 mutated were recovered in significantly lower numbers and caused fewer attachment and effacement lesions than the parent strain.

Development Of An Expressed Sequence Tag (Est) Resource For Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.): Est Generation, Unigene Analysis, Probe Selection And Bioinformatics For A 16,000-Locus Bin-Delineated Map, G. R. Lazo, S. Chao, D. D. Hummel, H. Edwards, C. C. Crossman, N. Lui, D. E. Matthews, V. L. Carollo, D. L. Hane, F. M. You, G. E. Butler, R. E. Miller, T. J. Close, J. H. Peng, N. L. V. Lapitan, J. P. Gustafson, L. L. Qi, B. Echalier, B. S. Gill, M. Dilbirligi, H. S. Randhawa, K. S. Gill, R. A. Greene, M. E. Sorrells, E. D. Akhunov, J. Dvorak, A. M. Linkiewicz, J. Dubcovsky, K. G. Hossain, V. Kalavacharla, S. F. Kianian, A. A. Mahmoud, Miftahudin, X.-F. Ma, E. J. Conley, J. A. Anderson, M. S. Pathan, H. T. Nguyen, P. E. Mcguire, C. O. Qualset, O. D. Anderson

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This report describes the rationale, approaches, organization, and resource development leading to a large-scale deletion bin map of the hexaploid (2n = 6x = 42) wheat genome (Triticum aestivum L.). Accompanying reports in this issue detail results from chromosome bin-mapping of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) representing genes onto the seven homoeologous chromosome groups and a global analysis of the entire mapped wheat EST data set. Among the resources developed were the first extensive public wheat EST collection (113,220 ESTs). Described are protocols for sequencing, sequence processing, EST nomenclature, and the assembly of ESTs into contigs. These contigs plus singletons …

A Single Amino Acid Substitution In Soybean Vspα Increases Its Acid Phosphatase Activity Nearly 20-Fold, Oranuch Leelapon, Gautam Sarath, Paul E. Staswick

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] contains two proteins called vegetative storage proteins (VSPs) that function as temporary storage reserves, but are also closely related to plant acid phosphatases of the haloacid dehalogenase (HAD) superfamily. This study examined the biochemical basis for the relatively low catalytic activity previously reported for these VSPs. The specific activity of purified recombinant VSPα on GMP was about 40-fold lower than for a related soybean root nodule acid phosphatase (APase), which had a specific activity of 845 U mg^-1 protein. Conversion of Ser¹⁰⁶ to Asp increased VSPα activity about 20-fold. This Asp residue …

Pedogenic Factors Affecting Magnetic Susceptibility Of The Last Interglacial Palaeosol S1 In The Chinese Loess Plateau, Z.-D. Feng, H. B. Wang, C. G. Olson

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The magnetic susceptibility has been used as a quantitative or semi-quantitative proxy for reconstructing the summer monsoon intensity in the Chinese Loess Plateau based on extensive studies on climatic or/and environmental mechanisms producing the magnetic susceptibility signatures. However, the precise nature of the link between past climates and the susceptibility signatures has remained uncertain primarily due to lack of our understanding in the finalizing and preserving processes of the signatures. This paper attempts to examine the reliability or acceptability of this summer monsoon proxy from non-magnetic perspectives of soil-forming processes. We chose nine sections along two transects: one across the …

Putting Genes Into Genetic Coefficients, P. Stephen Baenziger, Gregory S. Mcmaster, Wallace Wilhelm, Albert Weiss, Cynthia J. Hays

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Plant parameters are critical inputs in crop simulation models and allow a general set of algorithms to represent features of specific cultivars. A subset of plant parameters is often referred to as ‘‘genetic coefficients’’. However, these genetic coefficients are developed from phenotypic observations, usually have a weak genetic basis, and are at best ‘‘genotypic’’ coefficients because they consider the genotype from a very integrative perspective and likely include some impact of environment on the trait or characteristic described. With increased understanding of crop genomes, we believe models can be improved by incorporating genetic coefficients that accurately describe the action of …

Channel Aggradation By Beaver Dams On A Small Agricultural Stream In Eastern Nebraska, M. C. Mccullough, J. L. Harper, D. E. Eisenhauer, M. G. Dosskey

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

agricultural area of eastern Nebraska. A topographic survey was conducted of a reach of Little Muddy Creek where beaver are known to have been building dams for twelve years. Results indicate that over this time period the thalweg elevation has aggraded an average of 0.65 m by trapping 1730 t of sediment in the pools behind dams. Beaver may provide a feasible solution to channel degradation problems in this region.

Genetic Correlation Of Ram Sexual Performance With Ewe Reproductive Traits Of Four Sheep Breeds, G. Snowder, J. N. Stellflug, L. Dale Van Vleck

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Rams express differences in sexual performance during the breeding season. Breeding rams with high sexual performance scores as measured during a sexual performance test can improve flock fertility. Whether selecting rams for high sexual performance score will indirectly improve ewe reproductive performance is not known. The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic correlation between sexual performance scores of rams and reproduction of ewes. Sexual performance scores of rams and reproductive performance (number of lambs born per ewe exposed and number of lambs weaned per ewe exposed) from four breeds were analyzed with univariate and bivariate animal models …

Activation Of The Oryza Sativa Non-Symbiotic Haemoglobin-2 Promoter By The Cytokinin-Regulated Transcription Factor, Arr1, Emily Ross, Julie M. Stone, Christian Elowsky, Raul Arredondo-Peter, Robert V. Klucas, Gautam Sarath

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Using in silico methods, several putative phytohormoneresponsive cis-elements in the Oryza sativa nonsymbiotic haemoglobin (NSHB) 1-4 and Arabidopsis thaliana NSHB1-2 promoters have been identified. An OsNSHB2 promoter::GUS reporter gene fusion shows tissue-specific expression in A. thaliana. GUS expression was observed in roots, the vasculature of young leaves, in flowers, and in the pedicel/stem junction. In transient assays, activity of the OsNSHB2 promoter was significantly up-regulated in the presence of the cytokinin, 6-benzylaminopurine (BA). Deletion analyses indicated that the full-length promoter was required for maximal trans-activation in the presence of cytokinin. Mutation of the single cytokinin-regulated ARR1-binding element abolished promoter …

Characterization Of Protein Changes In Buffalograsses Challenged By Blissus Occiduus, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Gautam Sarath, Frederick P. Baxendale, D. Novak, S. Bose, N. Xinhi, S. Quisenberry

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Plant-insect interactions are of profound importance in agriculture. Herbivorous insects can inflict substantial damage to susceptible plants. Thus understanding the mechanisms of plant tolerance to herbivory can lead to breeding resistant plants. Although this area has been studied for many years, we are still largely unaware of the plant-related biochemical changes that result in tolerance or resistance mechanisms. This paucity of data is further complicated by the great range of insect herbivores and in several cases by an almost complete lack of molecular and biochemical information of the agronomically important plant species. We investigated the role of plant proteins and …

Stability Of The Allergenic Soybean Kunitz Trypsin Inhibitor, Robin Roychaudhuri, Gautam Sarath, Michael G. Zeece, John P. Markwell

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The soybean Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (SKTI) is a 21.5 kDa allergenic protein that belongs to the family of all antiparallel h-sheet proteins that are highly resistant to thermal and chemical denaturation. Spectroscopic and biochemical techniques such as circular dichroism (CD), ANS fluorescence and proteolysis were used to study its molecular structure under denaturing conditions such as acid and heat to which these allergens are commonly exposed during food processing. Reduction of native SKTI leads to its complete and rapid proteolysis by pepsin in simulated gastric fluid (SGF). Limited proteolysis with chymotrypsin during renaturation after heating showed that the native structure …

K8 And K12 Are Biotinylated In Human Histone H4, Gabriela Camporeale, Elizabeth E. Shubert, Gautam Sarath, Ronald Cerny, Janos Zempleni

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Folding of DNA into chromatin is mediated by binding to histones such as H4; association of DNA with histones is regulated by covalent histone modifications, e.g. acetylation, methylation, and biotinylation.We sought to identify aminoacid residues that are biotinylated in histone H4,and to determine whether acetylation and methylation of histones affect biotinylation. Synthetic peptides spanning fragments of human histone H4 were biotinylated enzymatically using biotinidase. Peptide-bound biotin was probed with streptavidin– peroxidase. Peptides based on the N-terminal sequence of histone H4 were effectively recognized by biotinidase as substrates for biotinylation; in contrast, peptides based on the C-terminal sequences were not biotinylated. …

Tyrosine B10 Inhibits Stabilization Of Bound Carbon Monoxide And Oxygen In Soybean Leghemoglobin, Suman Kundu, George C. Blouin, Scott A. Premer, Gautam Sarath, John S. Olson, Mark S. Hargrove

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Detailed comparisons of the carbon monoxide FTIR spectra and ligand-binding properties of a library of E7, E11, and B10 mutants indicate significant differences in the role of electrostatic interactions in the distal pockets of wild-type sperm whale myoglobin and soybean leghemoglobin. In myoglobin, strong hydrogen bonds from several closely related conformations of the distal histidine (His^E7) side chain preferentially stabilize bound oxygen. In leghemoglobin, the imidazole side chain of His^E7 is confined to a single conformation, which only weakly hydrogen bonds to bound ligands. The phenol side chain of TyrB10 appears to “fix” the position of His …

Perennial Herbaceous Biomass Energy Crops: Potential And Status, Kenneth P. Vogel, Hans-Joachim Jung, Robert B. Mitchell, Joann Lamb, Gautam Sarath

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture (USDA-ARS), U.S. Dept. of Energy (DOE), and cooperating Universities have been investigating the feasibility of using perennial forages (herbaceous biomass) for energy production. The most promising species include switchgrass, a native prairie grass, and alfalfa, a nitrogen-fixing legume. Using technology that is under continual improvement, it is feasible to break down the cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin of these biomass species into simple sugars that can be converted into ethanol or other fermentation products. These species can produce high biomass yields on lands with high erosion potential such as the land currently enrolled in …

National Science Foundation-Sponsored Workshop Report. Draft Plan For Soybean Genomics, Gary Stacey, Lila N Vodkin, Wayne A. Parrott, Randy C. Shoemaker

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Recent efforts to coordinate and define a research strategy for soybean (Glycine max) genomics began with the establishment of a Soybean Genetics Executive Committee, which will serve as a communication focal point between the soybean research community and granting agencies. Secondly, a workshop was held to define a strategy to incorporate existing tools into a framework for advancing soybean genomics research. This workshop identified and ranked research priorities essential to making more informed decisions as to how to proceed with large scale sequencing and other genomics efforts. Most critical among these was the need to finalize a physical …

Tyr(B10) Prevents Stabilization Of Bound Oxygen In Soybean Leghemoglobin, Suman Kundu, G. Bloudin, Scott Premer, Gautam Sarath, J. S. Olson, Mark Hargrove

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Root nodules are complex structures that occur on roots of many agronomically important plants such as soybeans. Root nodules are a symbiosis between the plant and soil-borne bacteria. Once formed, and functional, root nodules can fix atmospheric nitrogen and provide the plant with a pollution-free source of nitrogen for seed production. A basic component of functional and efficient root nodules are the heme proteins called leghemoglobins. Leghemoglobins can bind to, and transport molecular oxygen and thereby maintain a low oxygen environment within the root nodule, permitting the microaerobic bacteria to convert atmospheric dinitrogen into ammonia, which is then assimilated by …

Tillage And Rotation Interactions For Corn And Soybean Grain Yield As Affected By Precipitation And Air Temperature, Wally Wilhelm, Charles S. Wortmann

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Reduced tillage, including no-till, and crop rotation are common practices for corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production in the Midwest. Benefits of no-till vary with latitude and cropping system. This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of seasonal temperature and precipitation on the effects of primary tillage (plow, disk, chisel, subsoil, ridge-till, and no-till) and rotated and continuous corn and soybean production under rainfed conditions over 16 yr in southeastern Nebraska. Corn and soybean produced less grain with greater summer temperatures. Corn yield increased with less spring and more summer rainfall. Tillage …

Evaluation Of A Real-Time Pcr Kit For Detecting Escherichia Coli O157 In Bovine Fecal Samples, James L. Bono, James E. Keen, Laura C. Miller, James M. Fox, Carol G. Chitko-Mckown, Michael P. Heaton, William Laegreid

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

A commercially available real-time, rapid PCR test was evaluated for its ability to detect E. coli O157. Both the sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 99% for isolates in pure culture. The assay detected 1 CFU of E. coli O157:H7 g^-1 in artificially inoculated bovine feces following enrichment.

Growth Of Stocker Channel Catfish To Large Market Size In Single-Batch Culture, Bartholomew W. Green, Carole R. Engle

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Catfish farmers increasingly are producing fish larger than the traditional size of 0.45-0.57 kg/fish in order to meet processing plant requirements for larger fish. Production of larger channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) in multiple-batch culture has been investigated in a few studies, but the impact of understocked fingerlings on growth of carry-over fish is unknown. The present study was conducted to quantify growth, feed conversion ratio, net daily yield, and net and total yield of stocker channel catfish grown in single-batch, one-season culture to mean individual weights of 0.60, 0.72, 0.91, or 1.17 kg/fish. Channel catfish (mean weight = …

Gene Expression Profiling Of Bovine Macrophages In Response To Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Lipopolysaccharide, Carol G. Chitko-Mckown, James M. Fox, Laura C. Miller, Michael P. Heaton, James L. Bono, James E. Keen, William M. Grosse, William W. Laegried

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The aim of this study was to identify changes in bovine macrophage gene expression in response to treatment with Escherichia coli 0157:H7 lipopolysaccharide (LPS), utilizing a human gene microarray. Bovine cDNA from control and LPStreated primary macrophages hybridized to greater than 5644 (79.8%) of the non-control gene targets on a commercially available microarray containing greater than 7075 targets (Incyte Genomics, St. Louis, MO). Of these target sequences, 44 were differentially expressed upon exposure to LPS, including 18 genes not previously reported to exist in cattle. These included a pentaxin-related gene, CASP8, TNF-induced genes, interferon-induced genes, and inhibitors of apoptosis. Using …

Estimation Of Carbon Sequestration By Combining Remote Sensing And Net Ecosystem Exchange Data For Northern Mixed-Grass Prairie And Sagebrush–Steppe Ecosystems, E. Raymond Hunt Jr., Robert D. Kelly, William K. Smith, Jace T. Fahnestock, Jeffrey M. Welker, William A. Reiners

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Carbon sequestration was estimated a northern mixed-grass prairie site and a sagebrush–steppe site in southeastern Wyoming using an approach that integrates remote sensing, CO₂ flux measurements, and meteorological data. Net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO₂ was measured using aircraft and ground flux techniques and was linearly related to absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (APAR). The slope of this relationship is the radiation use efficiency (ε = 0.51 g C/MJ APAR); there were no significant differences in the regression coefficients between the two sites. Furthermore, ecosystem chamber measurements of total respiration in 1998 and 1999 were used to develop …

Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Feedlot Steers: Effects Of Delayed Implanting And Programmed Feeding During The Growing Period, G. Scaglia, L. W. Greene, F. T. Mccollum Iii, N. A. Cole, T. H. Montgomery

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of programming the rate of gain and delaying the first implant in feedlot steers on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. Ninety-six growing steers (269 ± 16.2 kg) were assigned to 12 pens in a completely randomized design. Treatments were implant (Synovex-S^®; 20 mg estradiol benzoate and 200 mg progesterone; Fort Dodge Animal Health, Overland Park, KS) on d 1 or no implant and programmed feeding to gain at a slow (0.68 kg/d) or fast (1.14 kg/d) rate during the growing period; these treatments were randomly assigned (n = 8) to …

Somatic Mutation-Mediated Evolution Of Herbicide Resistance In The Nonindigenous Invasive Plant Hydrilla (Hydrilla Verticillata) And Franck E. Dayan, Albrecht Michel, R. S. Arias, Brian E. Scheffler, Stephen O. Duke, Michael Netherland, Franck E. Dayan

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata L.f. Royle) was introduced to the surface water of Florida in the 1950s and is today one of the most serious aquatic weed problems in the USA. As a result of concerns associated with the applications of pesticides to aquatic systems, fluridone is the only USEPA-approved chemical that provides systemic control of hydrilla. After a decrease in fluridone’s efficacy at controlling hydrilla, 200 Florida water bodies were sampled to determine the extent of the problem and the biological basis for the reduced efficacy. Our studies revealed that hydrilla phenotypes with two- to six-fold higher fluridone resistance …

Registration Of Three Partial Waxy Winter Wheats, Robert A. Graybosch, P. Stephen Baenziger

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

96MD7413-58 (Reg. no. GP-773, PI 617069), 96MD7413-36 (Reg. no. GP-774, PI 617070), and 96MD7110-71 (Reg. no. GP-775, PI 617071) partial waxy (reduced amylose) hard winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm lines were released by the ARS, USDA, and the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station in November 2002.

These partial waxy wheats carry non-functional (null) alleles (Wx-A1b and Wx-B1b) at two of the three hexaploid wheat Wx loci. These loci encode isoforms of the enzyme granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS, EC 2.4.1.21), also known as the “waxy” protein. Wheats with nonfunctional alleles at two loci are known as “double-nulls.” Double-null …

Comparison Of Production, Meat Yield, And Meat Quality Traits Of Nwac103 Line Channel Catfish, Norris Line Channel Catfish, And Female Channel Catfish × Male Blue Catfish F1 Hybrids, Brian G. Bosworth, William R. Wolters, Juan L. Silva, Roberto S. Chamul, Sinyoung Park

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

NWAC103 line channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus, Norris line channel catfish, and Norris line female channel catfish × Dycus Farm line male blue catfish I. furcatus F₁ hybrids were compared for production, meat yield, and meat quality traits. Juvenile fish from each genetic group were stocked at 12,000 fish/ha into three, 0.04-ha ponds per genetic group. Fish were fed once daily to satiation from June through October, and fed on days when afternoon water temperatures were above 17 °C from November through December. Fish were harvested, weighed, and counted in January, and 150 fish per genetic group (50 fish …

Elemental Uptake In Relation To Root Characteristics Of Tall Fescue, Glenn E. Shewmaker, Douglas A. Johnson, Henry F. Mayland, Scott A. Martin, Susie B. Hansen

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

HiMag, an accession of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), was selected for high magnesium (Mg) concentration in leaves to reduce grass tetany risk to ruminants. However, the mechanism for enhanced Mg uptake in HiMag leaves has not been determined. The objective was to investigate if increased Mg uptake in HiMag could be explained by differences in elemental distribution among plant parts, root characteristics, or organic acid concentrations compared to its parental cultivars, ‘‘Kentucky 31’’ (KY31) and ‘‘Missouri 96’’ (MO96). The study was conducted on a surface-irrigated calcareous Portneuf silt loam (coarse-silty, mixed, mesic, Durinodic Xeric Haplocalcid). Vegetation and soil …

Detection Of Moniliformin In Maize Using Capillary Zone Electrophoresis, C. M. Maragos

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Moniliformin is a mycotoxin produced by certain fungi pathogenic to maize. It is capable of causing disease in domestic animals, possibly through inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase. Testing for MON commonly involves extraction of maize, isolation of moniliformin using solid-phase extraction columns and detection with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or gas chromatography. A capillary zone electrophoresisdiode array detection (CZE-DAD) method for determination of moniliformin in maize is reported. The extraction and isolation procedures are similar to those of a commonly used HPLC method, while the detection step requires only 10 min. Sixty-three samples of maize were tested by an established HPLC …