Life Sciences Commons^™

Mississippi River And Campeche Bank (Gulf Of Mexico) Episodes Of Cross-Shelf Export Of Coastal Waters Observed With Satellites, Daniel Otis, Matthieu Le Hénaff, Vassiliki H. Kourafalou, Lucas Mceachron, Frank Muller-Karger

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The cross-shelf advection of coastal waters into the deep Gulf of Mexico is important for the transport of nutrients or potential pollutants. Twenty years of ocean color satellite imagery document such cross-shelf transport events via three export pathways in the Gulf of Mexico: from the Campeche Bank toward the central Gulf, from the Campeche Bank toward the Florida Straits, and from the Mississippi Delta to the Florida Straits. A catalog of these events was created based on the visual examination of 7280 daily satellite images. Water transport from the Campeche Bank to the central Gulf occurred frequently and with no …

Editorial: Oceanobs'19: An Ocean Of Opportunity, Sabrina Speich, Tong Lee, Frank Muller-Karger, Laura Lorenzoni, Ananda Pascual, Di Jin, Eric Delory, Gilles Reverdin, John Siddorn, Marlon R. Lewis, Nuria Marba, Pier Luigi Buttigieg, Sanae Chiba, Justin Manley, Amos Tiereyangn Kabo-Bah, Kruti Desai, Abby Ackerman

Marine Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Coral Reef Monitoring, Reef Assessment Technologies, And Ecosystem-Based Management, David O. Obura, Greta Aeby, Natchanon Amornthammarong, Ward Appeltans, Nicholas Bax, Joe Bishop, Russell E. Brainard, Samuel Chan, Pamela Fletcher, Timothy A. Gordon, Lew Gramer, Mishal Gudka, John Halas, James Hendee, Gregor Hodgson, Danwei Huang, Mike Jankulak, Albert Jones, Tadashi Kimura, Joshua Levy, Patricia Miloslavich, Loke Ming Chou, Frank Muller-Karger, Kennedy Osuka, Melita Samoilys, Stephen D. Simpson, Karenne Tun, Supin Wongbusarakum

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Coral reefs are exceptionally biodiverse and human dependence on their ecosystem services is high. Reefs experience significant direct and indirect anthropogenic pressures, and provide a sensitive indicator of coastal ocean health, climate change, and ocean acidification, with associated implications for society. Monitoring coral reef status and trends is essential to better inform science, management and policy, but the projected collapse of reef systems within a few decades makes the provision of accurate and actionable monitoring data urgent. The Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network has been the foundation for global reporting on coral reefs for two decades, and is entering into …

Effects Of Improved 17O Correction On Interlaboratory Agreement In Clumped Isotope Calibrations, Estimates Of Mineral-Specific Offsets, And Temperature Dependence Of Acid Digestion Fractionation, S. V. Petersen, W. F. Defliese, C. Saenger, M. Daëron, K. W. Huntington, C. M. John, J. R. Kelson, S. M. Bernasconi, A. S. Colman, T. Kluge, G. A. Olack, A. J. Schauer, D. Bajnai, M. Bonifacie, S. F. Breitenbach, J. Fiebig, A. B. Fernandez, G. A. Henkes, D. Hodell, A. Katz, S. Kele, K. C. Lohmann, B. H. Passey, M. Y. Peral, D. A. Petrizzo, B. E. Rosenheim, A. Tripati, R. Venturelli, E. D. Young, I. Z. Winkelstern

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The clumped isotopic composition of carbonate-derived CO₂ (denoted Δ₄₇) is a function of carbonate formation temperature and in natural samples can act as a recorder of paleoclimate, burial, or diagenetic conditions. The absolute abundance of heavy isotopes in the universal standards VPDB and VSMOW (defined by four parameters: R¹³_VPDB, R¹⁷_VSMOW, R¹⁸_VSMOW, and λ) impact calculated Δ₄₇ values. Here, we investigate whether use of updated and more accurate values for these parameters can remove observed interlaboratory differences in the measured T-Δ₄₇ relationship. Using the updated parameters, …

A New 30 Meter Resolution Global Shoreline Vector And Associated Global Islands Database For The Development Of Standardized Ecological Coastal Units, Roger Sayre, Suzanne Noble, Sharon Hamann, Rebecca Smith, Dawn Wright, Sean Breyer, Kevin Butler, Keith Van Usa, Charlie Frye, Deniz Karagulle, Dabney Usahopkins, Drew Stephens, Kevin Kelly, Zeenatul Basher, Devon Burton, Jill Cress, Karina Atkins, D. Paco, Beverly Friesen, Rebecca Allee, Tom Allen, Peter Aniello, Irawan Asaad, Mark John, Kathy Goodin, Peter Harris, Maria Kavanaugh, Helen Lillis, Eleonora Lillis Lillis, Frank Muller-Karger, Bjorn Nyberg, Rost Parsons, Justin Saarinen, Jac Steiner, Adam Reed

Marine Science Faculty Publications

A new 30-m spatial resolution global shoreline vector (GSV) was developed from annual composites of 2014 Landsat satellite imagery. The semi-automated classification of the imagery was accomplished by manual selection of training points representing water and non-water classes along the entire global coastline. Polygon topology was applied to the GSV, resulting in a new characterisation of the number and size of global islands. Three size classes of islands were mapped: continental mainlands (5), islands greater than 1 km2 (21,818), and islands smaller than 1 km2 (318,868). The GSV represents the shore zone land and water interface boundary, and is a …

Microbial Fe(Iii) Reduction As A Potential Iron Source From Holocene Sediments Beneath Larsen Ice Shelf, Jaewoo Jung, Kyu-Cheul Yoo, Brad E. Rosenheim, Tim M. Conway, Jae Il Lee, Ho Il Yoon, Chung Yeon Hwang, Kiho Yang, Christina Subt, Jinwook Kim

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Recent recession of the Larsen Ice Shelf C has revealed microbial alterations of illite in marine sediments, a process typically thought to occur during low-grade metamorphism. In situ breakdown of illite provides a previously-unobserved pathway for the release of dissolved Fe²⁺ to porewaters, thus enhancing clay-rich Antarctic sub-ice shelf sediments as an important source of Fe to Fe-limited surface Southern Ocean waters during ice shelf retreat after the Last Glacial Maximum. When sediments are underneath the ice shelf, Fe²⁺ from microbial reductive dissolution of illite/Fe-oxides may be exported to the water column. However, the initiation of an oxygenated, …

Pepper Mild Mottle Virus: Agricultural Menace Turned Effective Tool For Microbial Water Quality Monitoring And Assessing (Waste)Water Treatment Technologies, Erin Symonds, Karyna Rosario, Mya Breitbart

Marine Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Photochemical Efficiencies In Reef-Dwelling Anthozoans: Insights From "Survivor" Species, Natasha Mendez-Ferrer, Pamela Hallock

Marine Science Faculty Publications

In recent decades, populations of many coral species have declined dramatically on reefs worldwide. A major factor in coral mortality has been photo-oxidative stress associated with both solar irradiance and elevated temperatures. While many studies have focused on species that have declined, fewer efforts have focused on the “survivor” species, those that have maintained relatively stable populations or even increased in abundance. The objective of this study was to assess temporal variability in photochemical efficiencies (Fv/Fm) as an indicator of potential photo-oxidative stress in the dinoflagellate symbionts in three species, the scleractinians Siderastrea siderea and Montastraea cavernosa, and the …

Prevalence Of A Vertically Transmitted Single-Stranded Dna Virus In Spinybacked Orbweavers (Gasteracantha Cancriformis) From Florida, Usa, Karyna Rosario, Kaitlin A. Mettel, Anthony M. Greco, Mya Breitbart

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Spiders (order Araneae, class Arachnida) are an important group of predatory arthropods in terrestrial ecosystems that have been recently identified as an untapped reservoir of single-stranded (ss)DNA viruses. Specifically, spiders harbour a diversity of ssDNA viruses encoding a replication-associated protein (Rep) within a circular genome. However, little is known about the ecology of novel circular Rep-encoding ssDNA (CRESS DNA) viruses. Here we investigated two CRESS DNA viruses recently identified in spinybacked orbweavers (Gasteracantha cancriformis), namely spinybacked orbweaver circular virus (SpOrbCV) 1 and 2. SpOrbCV-1 was detected in the majority (> 65 %) of spider specimens from all life …

Minimum Information About An Uncultivated Virus Genome (Miuvig), Simon Roux, Evelien Adriaenssens, Bas Dutilh, Eugene Koonin, Andrew Kropinski, Mart Krupovic, Mya Breitbart, Karyna Rosario

Marine Science Faculty Publications

We present an extension of the Minimum Information about any (x) Sequence (MIxS) standard for reporting sequences of uncultivated virus genomes. Minimum Information about an Uncultivated Virus Genome (MIUViG) standards were developed within the Genomic Standards Consortium framework and include virus origin, genome quality, genome annotation, taxonomic classification, biogeographic distribution and in silico host prediction. Community-wide adoption of MIUViG standards, which complement the Minimum Information about a Single Amplified Genome (MISAG) and Metagenome-Assembled Genome (MIMAG) standards for uncultivated bacteria and archaea, will improve the reporting of uncultivated virus genomes in public databases. In turn, this should enable more robust comparative …

Developing High Resolution Baseline Coast Resource Maps Using World View 2 Imagery For A Coastal Village In Fiji, Ashneel Ajay Singh, Anish Maharaj, Michelle Kumar, Priyatma Singh, Sanjay Singh, Frank Muller-Karger, Matthew James Mccarthy, Lionel Joseph, Herve Damlamian, Zulfikar Begg

Marine Science Faculty Publications

In Fiji, like most Pacific Island countries, there have been numerous reports of degradation of coastal resources, including adverse changes in abundance and stock distribution of numerous aquatic species associated with the coastal habitat. To develop effective management plans, assessment of existing coastal resources is pertinent. High spatial resolution satellite imagery, combined with geographic information systems allow for efficient and synoptic mapping of coastal resources to provide a baseline for developing effective and improved management plans. The purpose of this study was to develop a baseline habitat map of the intertidal benthic cover in Komave Village, Coral Coast, Sigatoka, Fiji. …

Time Of Detection As A Metric For Prioritizing Between Climate Observation Quality, Frequency, And Duration, B. R. Carter, N. L. Williams, W. Evans, A. J. Fassbender, L. Barbero, C. Hauri, R. A. Feely, A. J. Sutton

Marine Science Faculty Publications

We advance a simple framework based on “time of detection” for estimating the observational needs of studies assessing climate changes amidst natural variability and apply it to several examples related to ocean acidification. This approach aims to connect the Global Ocean Acidification Observing Network “weather” and “climate” data quality thresholds with a single dynamic threshold appropriate for a range of potential ocean signals and environments. A key implication of the framework is that measurement frequency can be as important as measurement accuracy, particularly in highly variable environments. Pragmatic cost-benefit analyses based on this framework can be performed to quantitatively determine …

Southern Ocean Biogeochemical Float Deployment Strategy, With Example From The Greenwich Meridian Line (Go-Ship A12), L. D. Talley, I. Rosso, I. Kamenkovich, M. R. Mazloff, J. Wang, E. Boss, A. R. Gray, K. S. Johnson, R. M. Key, S. C. Riser, N. L. Williams, J. L. Sarmiento

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Biogeochemical Argo floats, profiling to 2,000-m depth, are being deployed throughout the Southern Ocean by the Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observations and Modeling program (SOCCOM). The goal is 200 floats by 2020, to provide the first full set of annual cycles of carbon, oxygen, nitrate, and optical properties across multiple oceanographic regimes. Building from no prior coverage to a sparse array, deployments are based on prior knowledge of water mass properties, mean frontal locations, mean circulation and eddy variability, winds, air-sea heat/freshwater/carbon exchange, prior Argo trajectories, and float simulations in the Southern Ocean State Estimate and Hybrid Coordinate Ocean …

Observational Requirements For Long-Term Monitoring Of The Global Mean Sea Level And Its Components Over The Altimetry Era, Anny Cazenave, Ben Hamlington, Martin Horwath, Valentina R. Barletta, Jérôme Benveniste, Don Chambers, Petra Döll, Anna E. Hogg, Jean François Legeais, Mark Merrifield, Benoit Meyssignac, Garry Mitchum, Steve Nerem, Roland Pail, Hindumathi Palanisamy, Frank Paul, Schuckmann, Karina Von Schuckmann, Philip Thompson

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Present-day global mean sea level rise is caused by ocean thermal expansion, ice mass loss from glaciers and ice sheets, as well as changes in terrestrial water storage. For that reason, sea level is one of the best indicators of climate change as it integrates the response of several components of the climate system to internal and external forcing factors. Monitoring the global mean sea level allows detecting changes (e.g., in trend or acceleration) in one or more components. Besides, assessing closure of the sea level budget allows us to check whether observed sea level change is indeed explained by …

An Extreme Sea Level Indicator For The Contiguous United States Coastline, Md. Mamunur Rashid, Thomas Wahl, Don P. Chambers, Francisco M. Calafat, William V. Sweet

Marine Science Faculty Publications

We develop an aggregated extreme sea level (ESL) indicator for the contiguous United States coastline, which is comprised of separate indicators for mean sea level (MSL) and storm surge climatology (SSC). We use water level data from tide gauges to estimate interannual to multi-decadal variability of MSL and SSC and identify coastline stretches where the observed changes are coherent. Both the MSL and SSC indicators show significant fluctuations. Indicators of the individual components are combined with multi-year tidal contributions into aggregated ESL indicators. The relative contribution of the different components varies considerably in time and space. Our results highlight the …

The Marine Geological Imprint Of Antarctic Ice Shelves, James A. Smith, Alastair G. Graham, Alix L. Post, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Philip J. Bart, Ross D. Powell

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Reductions in the thickness and extent of Antarctic ice shelves are triggering increased discharge of marine-terminating glaciers. While the impacts of recent changes are well documented, their role in modulating past ice-sheet dynamics remains poorly constrained. This reflects two persistent issues; first, the effective discrimination of sediments and landforms solely attributable to sub-ice-shelf deposition, and second, challenges in dating these records. Recent progress in deciphering the geological imprint of Antarctic ice shelves is summarised, including advances in dating methods and proxies to reconstruct drivers of change. Finally, we identify several challenges to overcome to fully exploit the paleo record. The …

An Introduction To Glaciated Margins: The Sedimentary And Geophysical Archive, D. P. Le Heron, K. A. Hogan, E. R. Phillips, M. Huuse, M. E. Busfield, A. G. Graham

Marine Science Faculty Publications

A glaciated margin is a continental margin that has been occupied by a large ice mass, such that glacial processes and slope processes conspire to produce a thick sedimentary record. Ice masses take an active role in sculpting, redistributing and reorganizing the sediment that they erode on the continental shelf, and act as a supply route to large fan systems (e.g. trough mouth fans, submarine fans) on the continental slope and continental rise. To many researchers, the term ‘glaciated margin’ is synonymous with modern day areas fringing Antarctica and the Arctic shelf systems, yet the geological record contains ancient examples …

Subglacial Hydrological Control On Flow Of An Antarctic Peninsula Palaeo-Ice Stream, Robert D. Larter, Kelly A. Hogan, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, James A. Smith, Christine L. Batchelor, Matthieu Cartigny, Alex J. Tate, James D. Kirkham, Zoë A. Roseby, Gerhard Kuhn, Alastair G. Graham, Julian A. Dowdeswell

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Basal hydrological systems play an important role in controlling the dynamic behaviour of ice streams. Data showing their morphology and relationship to geological substrates beneath modern ice streams are, however, sparse and difficult to collect. We present new multibeam bathymetry data that make the Anvers-Hugo Trough west of the Antarctic Peninsula the most completely surveyed palaeo-ice stream pathway in Antarctica. The data reveal a diverse range of landforms, including streamlined features where there was fast flow in the palaeo-ice stream, channels eroded by flow of subglacial water, and compelling evidence of palaeo-ice stream shear margin locations. We interpret landforms as …

Enhanced Glacial Discharge From The Eastern Antarctic Peninsula Since The 1700s Associated With A Positive Southern Annular Mode, W. A. Dickens, G. Kuhn, M. J. Leng, Alastair G. C. Graham, J. A. Dowdeswell, M. P. Meredith, C.-D. Hillenbrand, D. A. Hodgson, S. J. Roberts, H. Sloane, J. A. Smith

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet is currently experiencing sustained and accelerating loss of ice. Determining when these changes were initiated and identifying the main drivers is hampered by the short instrumental record (1992 to present). Here we present a 6,250 year record of glacial discharge based on the oxygen isotope composition of diatoms (δ18Odiatom) from a marine core located at the north-eastern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. We find that glacial discharge - sourced primarily from ice shelf and iceberg melting along the eastern Antarctic Peninsula – remained largely stable between ~6,250 to 1,620 cal. yr BP, with a slight …

High-Resolution Trophic Models Reveal Structure And Function Of A Northeast Pacific Ecosystem, Szymon Surma, Villy Christensen, Rajeev Kumar, Cameron H. Ainsworth, Tony J. Pitcher

Marine Science Faculty Publications

This paper examines the structure and dynamics of the marine ecosystem surrounding Haida Gwaii (an archipelago in the southeastern Gulf of Alaska). Based on previous research, a set of improved mass-balanced models was constructed in Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) to represent ecosystem states existing circa 1900, 1950, and currently. These models feature increased taxonomic and ecological resolution relative to their predecessors across trophic levels and size classes from zooplankton to whales. A more detailed representation of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii), including its age structure, predators, and prey, was introduced to permit modeling of the ecosystem role of herring …

The North Atlantic Aerosol And Marine Ecosystem Study (Naames): Science Motive And Mission Overview, Michael J. Behrenfeld, Richard H. Moore, Chris A. Hostetler, Jason Graff, Peter Gaube, Lynn M. Russell, Gao Chen, Scott C. Doney, Stephen Giovannoni, Hongyu Liu, Christopher Proctor, Luis M. Bolaños, Nicholas Baetge, Cleo Davie-Martin, Toby K. Westberry, Timothy S. Bates, Thomas G. Bell, Kay D. Bidle, Emmanuel S. Boss, Sarah D. Brooks, Brian Cairns, Craig Carlson, Kimberly Halsey, Elizabeth L. Harvey, Chuanmin Hu, Lee Karp-Boss, Mary Kleb, Susanne Menden-Deuer, Françoise Morison, Patricia K. Quinn, Amy Jo Scarino, Bruce Anderson, Jacek Chowdhary, Ewan Crosbie, Richard Ferrare, Johnathan W. Hair, Yongxiang Hu, Scott Janz, Jens Redemann, Eric Saltzman, Michael Shook, David A. Siegel, Armin Wisthaler, Melissa Yang Martin, Luke Ziemba

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES) is an interdisciplinary investigation to improve understanding of Earth's ocean ecosystem-aerosol-cloud system. Specific overarching science objectives for NAAMES are to (1) characterize plankton ecosystem properties during primary phases of the annual cycle and their dependence on environmental forcings, (2) determine how these phases interact to recreate each year the conditions for an annual plankton bloom, and (3) resolve how remote marine aerosols and boundary layer clouds are influenced by plankton ecosystems. Four NAAMES field campaigns were conducted in the western subarctic Atlantic between November 2015 and April 2018, with each campaign …

Towards Comprehensive Observing And Modeling Systems For Monitoring And Predicting Regional To Coastal Sea Level, Rui M. Ponte, Mark Carson, Mauro Cirano, Catia M. Domingues, Svetlana Jevrejeva, Marta Marcos, Gary Mitchum, De Wal, Van De Wal, Philip L. Woodworth, Michaël Ablain, Fabrice Ardhuin, Valérie Ballu, Mélanie Becker, Jérôme Benveniste, Florence Birol, Elizabeth Bradshaw, Anny Cazenave, Mey-Frémaux, P. De Mey-Frémaux, Fabien Durand, Tal Ezer, Lee-Lueng Fu, Ichiro Fukumori, Kathy Gordon, Médéric Gravelle, Stephen M. Griffies, Weiqing Han, Angela Hibbert, Chris W. Hughes, Déborah Idier, Villy H. Kourafalou, Christopher M. Little, Andrew Matthews, Angélique Melet, Mark Merrifield, Benoit Meyssignac, Shoshiro Minobe, Thierry Penduff, Nicolas Picot, Christopher Piecuch, Richard D. Ray, Lesley Rickards, Alvaro Santamaría-Gómez, Detlef Stammer, Joanna Staneva, Laurent Testut, Keith Thompson, Philip Thompson, Stefano Vignudelli, Joanne Williams, Simon D. Williams, Guy Wöppelmann, Laure Zanna, Xuebin Zhang

Marine Science Faculty Publications

A major challenge for managing impacts and implementing effective mitigation measures and adaptation strategies for coastal zones affected by future sea level (SL) rise is our limited capacity to predict SL change at the coast on relevant spatial and temporal scales. Predicting coastal SL requires the ability to monitor and simulate a multitude of physical processes affecting SL, from local effects of wind waves and river runoff to remote influences of the large-scale ocean circulation on the coast. Here we assess our current understanding of the causes of coastal SL variability on monthly to multi-decadal timescales, including geodetic, oceanographic and …

Disturbance Modifies Payoffs In The Explore-Exploit Trade-Off, Shay O’Farrell, James N. Sanchirico, Orr Spiegel, Maxime Depalle, Alan C. Haynie, Steven A. Murawski, Larry Perruso, Andrew Strelcheck

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Decision-making agents face a fundamental trade-off between exploring new opportunities with risky outcomes versus exploiting familiar options with more certain but potentially suboptimal outcomes. Although mediation of this trade-off is essential to adaptive behavior and has for decades been assumed to modulate performance, the empirical consequences of human exploratory strategies are unknown beyond laboratory or theoretical settings. Leveraging 540,000 vessel position records from 2494 commercial fishing trips along with corresponding revenues, here we find that during undisturbed conditions, there was no relationship between exploration and performance, contrary to theoretical predictions. However, during a major disturbance event which closed the most-utilized …

Spatial Variability In Size Structure, Growth, And Recruitment Of Spotted Seatrout Among Six Florida Estuaries, Elizabeth Herdter, Behzad Mahmoudi, Ernst Peebles, Steven A. Murawski

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Spotted Seatrout Cynoscion nebulosus in Florida, USA, are managed under four geographical regions, including Apalachicola Bay and Cedar Key (northwest region), Tampa Bay and Charlotte Harbor (southwest region), northeast Florida (northeast region), and the northern Indian River Lagoon (southeast region). Two of these management regions are composed of more than one major estuary system (northwest and southwest regions). However, previous life history research suggests that the management regions do not accurately reflect the unique biological populations of Spotted Seatrout in Florida. Our objective was to determine (1) whether there is significant spatial variation in size structure, the age–length relationship, and …

An Ocean-Colour Time Series For Use In Climate Studies: The Experience Of The Ocean-Colour Climate Change Initiative (Oc-Cci), Shubha Sathyendranath, Robert J.W. Brewin, Carsten Brockmann, Vanda Brotas, Ben Calton, Andrei Chuprin, Paolo Cipollini, André B. Couto, James Dingle, Roland Doerffer, Craig Donlon, Mark Dowell, Alex Farman, Mike Grant, Steve Groom, Andrew Horseman, Thomas Jackson, Hajo Krasemann, Samantha Lavender, Victor Martinez-Vicente, Constant Mazeran, Frédéric Mélin, Timothy S. Moore, Dagmar Müller, Peter Regner, Shovonlal Roy, Chris J. Steele, François Steinmetz, John Swinton, Malcolm Taberner, Adam Thompson, André Valente, Marco Zühlke, Vittorio E. Brando, Hui Feng, Gene Feldman, Bryan A. Franz, Robert Frouin, Richard W. Gould, Stanford B. Hooker, Mati Kahru, Susanne Kratzer, B. Greg Mitchell, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Heidi M. Sosik, Kenneth J. Voss, Jeremy Werdell, Trevor Platt

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Ocean colour is recognised as an Essential Climate Variable (ECV) by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS); and spectrally-resolved water-leaving radiances (or remote-sensing reflectances) in the visible domain, and chlorophyll-a concentration are identified as required ECV products. Time series of the products at the global scale and at high spatial resolution, derived from ocean-colour data, are key to studying the dynamics of phytoplankton at seasonal and inter-annual scales; their role in marine biogeochemistry; the global carbon cycle; the modulation of how phytoplankton distribute solar-induced heat in the upper layers of the ocean; and the response of the marine ecosystem to …

Challenges For Global Ocean Observation: The Need For Increased Human Capacity, Patricia Miloslavich, Sophie Seeyave, Frank Muller-Karger, Nicholas Bax, Elham Ali, Claudia Delgado, Hayley Evers-King Information, Benjamin Loveday Information, Vivian Lutz Information, Jan Newton Information, Glenn Nolan Information, Ana C. Information, Christine Traeger-Chatterjee Information, Edward Urban Information

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Sustained global ocean observations are needed to recognise, understand, and manage changes in marine biodiversity, resources and habitats, and to implement wise conservation and sustainable development strategies. To meet this need, the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS), a network of observing systems distributed around the world and coordinated by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) has proposed Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs) that are relevant to both the scientific and the broader community, including resource managers. Building a network that is truly global requires expanding participation beyond scientists from well-resourced countries to a far broader representation of the global community. New approaches …

From Land To The Ocean: The Interplay Between Allochthonous And Autochthonous Contribution To Particles In Nepheloid Layers Of The Cariaco Basin, Venezuela, Laura Lorenzoni, Robert C. Thunell, Claudia R. Benitez-Nelson, Enrique Montes, Ramón Varela, Yrene Astor, Frank E. Muller-Karger

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Lithogenic sediment input to the Cariaco Basin on the eastern Venezuelan shelf is controlled by small mountainous rivers (SMRs). The Cariaco Basin is also an area of high phytoplankton productivity as a result of strong Trade Wind-driven coastal upwelling. Characterizing the sources that supply particulate organic carbon (POC) to the deep Cariaco Basin is important for interpreting the paleoclimate record stored in its sediments. We measured suspended POC in the four main rivers draining into the Caraiaco Basin, the Tuy, Unare, Neveri, and Manzanares, between September 2008 and September 2009 and conducted basin-wide oceanographic cruises in September 2008 (rainy season) …

Enso-Induced Co-Variability Of Salinity, Plankton Biomass And Coastal Currents In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Fabian A. Gomez, Sang-Ki Lee, Frank J. Hernandez, Luciano M. Chiaverano, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Yanyun Liu, John T. Lamkin

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The northern Gulf of Mexico (GoM) is a region strongly influenced by river discharges of freshwater and nutrients, which promote a highly productive coastal ecosystem that host commercially valuable marine species. A variety of climate and weather processes could potentially influence the river discharges into the northern GoM. However, their impacts on the coastal ecosystem remain poorly described. By using a regional ocean-biogeochemical model, complemented with satellite and in situ observations, here we show that El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a main driver of the interannual variability in salinity and plankton biomass during winter and spring. Composite analysis …

Population Dynamics Of Pinfish In The Eastern Gulf Of Mexico (1998-2016), Meaghan E. Faletti, Dinorah H. Chacin, Jonathan A. Peake, Timothy C. Macdonald, Christopher D. Stallings

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Forage fishes play an important role in marine ecosystems by transferring energy and nutrients through the food web. The population dynamics of forage species can therefore have cascading effects across multiple trophic levels. Here, we analyzed a 19-year dataset on Pinfish (Lagodon rhomboides) across four eastern Gulf of Mexico estuaries to investigate population dynamics, inter- and intra-annual synchrony, metapopulation portfolio effects, growth, and habitat effects. Young-of-year growth rates did not differ among estuaries. The population dynamics of these four systems were stable in the long-term, but highly dynamic inter-annually. Intra-annual dynamics were stable and predictable despite variation in long-term means. …

Florida Coastal Mapping Program—Overview And 2018 Workshop Report, Cheryl J. Hapke, Philip A. Kramer, Elizabeth H. Fetherston-Resch, Rene D. Baumstark, Ryan Druyor, Xan Fredericks, Ekaterina Fitos

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The Florida Coastal Mapping Program is a nascent but highly relevant program that has the potential to greatly enhance the “Blue Economy” of Florida by coordinating and facilitating sea-floor mapping efforts and aligning partner and stakeholder activities for increased efficiency and cost reduction. Sustained acquisition of modern coastal mapping information for Florida may improve management of resources and reduce costs by eliminating redundancy. Economic growth could be aided by improved data to support emerging sectors such as aquaculture and renewable energy.

The present focus of the Florida Coastal Mapping Program is on modern, high-resolution bathymetric and coastal topobathymetric data, which …