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Articles 61 - 79 of 79
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Effects Of Dietary Distillers Dried Grains With Solubles And Soybean Meal On Extruded Pellet Characteristics And Growth Responses Of Juvenile Yellow Perch, Travis W. Schaeffer, Michael L. Brown, Kurt A. Rosentrater
Effects Of Dietary Distillers Dried Grains With Solubles And Soybean Meal On Extruded Pellet Characteristics And Growth Responses Of Juvenile Yellow Perch, Travis W. Schaeffer, Michael L. Brown, Kurt A. Rosentrater
Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications
A 126-d feeding trial was performed to investigate graded combinations of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and soybean meal (SBM) in diets formulated for yellow perch Perca flavescens. Six experimental diets contained DDGS and SBM at 0 and 31.5% (dry matter basis), respectively (0/31.5 diet), 10 and 26% (10/26), 20 and 20.5% (20/20.5), 30 and 15% (30/15), 40 and 9.5% (40/9.5), and 50 and 4% (50/4) to obtain similar levels of crude protein (mean ± SE = 30.1 ± 0.2%), crude lipid (16.7 ± 0.7%), and digestible energy (13.5 ± 0.2 kJ/g). Fourteen fish (initial individual weight = 19.1 …
Twin-Screw Extrusion Processing Of Distillers Dried Grains With Solubles (Ddgs)-Based Yellow Perch (Perca Flavescens) Feeds, Ferouz Y. Ayadi, Kurt A. Rosentrater, Kasiviswanathan Muthukumarappan, Michael L. Brown
Twin-Screw Extrusion Processing Of Distillers Dried Grains With Solubles (Ddgs)-Based Yellow Perch (Perca Flavescens) Feeds, Ferouz Y. Ayadi, Kurt A. Rosentrater, Kasiviswanathan Muthukumarappan, Michael L. Brown
Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications
Increases in global aquaculture production, compounded with limited availabilities of fish meal for fish feed, has created the need for alternative protein sources. Twinscrew extrusion studies were performed to investigate the production of nutritionally balanced feeds for juvenile yellow perch (Perca flavescens). Five isocaloric (~3.06 kcal/g) ingredient blends, adjusted to a target protein content of 36.7% db, were formulated with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) at an initial moisture content of 5–7%db, with appropriate amounts of fish meal, fish oil, whole wheat flour, corn gluten meal, and vitamin and mineral premixes. …
A Review Of Flavobacterium Psychrophilum Biology, Clinical Signs, And Bacterial Cold Water Disease Prevention And Treatment, Michael E. Barnes, Michael L. Brown
A Review Of Flavobacterium Psychrophilum Biology, Clinical Signs, And Bacterial Cold Water Disease Prevention And Treatment, Michael E. Barnes, Michael L. Brown
Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications
Flavobacterium psychrophilum is a ubiquitous bacterium in the aquatic environment, particularly in freshwater [1]. As the etiological agent of bacterial coldwater disease, it is a serious fish pathogen causing substantial economic losses and rearing difficulties to both commercial and conservation aquaculture [2]. This review paper describes the epidemiology, clinical signs, prevention, and treatment of the fish diseases attributed to this pathogen, which are similar despite the different geographic labels. In addition, the basic biology of F. psychrophilum and the techniques required for successful bacterial culture, isolation, and identification are discussed.
An Assessment Of The Lethal Thermal Maxima For Mountain Sucker, Luke D. Schultz, Katie N. Bertrand
An Assessment Of The Lethal Thermal Maxima For Mountain Sucker, Luke D. Schultz, Katie N. Bertrand
Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications
Temperature is a critical factor in the distribution of stream fishes. From laboratory studies of thermal tolerance, fish ecologists can assess whether species distributions are constrained by tolerable thermal habitat availability. The objective of this study was to use lethal thermal maxima (LTM) methodology to assess the upper thermal tolerance for mountain sucker Catostomus platyrhynchus, a species of greatest conservation need in the state of South Dakota. Adult fish were captured from wild populations in the Black Hills of South Dakota and acclimated to 20, 22.5, and 25 °C. Four endpoints (3 sublethal, 1 lethal) were recorded, with death …
Influence Of Physiochemical And Watershed Characteristics On Mercury Concentration In Walleye, Sander Vitreus, M., Cari-Ann Hayer, Steven R. Chipps, J. J. Stone
Influence Of Physiochemical And Watershed Characteristics On Mercury Concentration In Walleye, Sander Vitreus, M., Cari-Ann Hayer, Steven R. Chipps, J. J. Stone
Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications
Elevated mercury concentration has been documented in a variety of fish and is a growing concern for human consumption. Here, we explore the influence of physiochemical and watershed attributes on mercury concentration in walleye (Sander vitreus, M.) from natural, glacial lakes in South Dakota. Regression analysis showed that water quality attributes were poor predictors of walleye mercury concentration (R2 = 0.57, p = 0.13). In contrast, models based on watershed features (e.g., lake level changes, watershed slope, agricultural land, wetlands) and local habitat features (i.e., substrate composition, maximum lake depth) explained 81% (p = 0.001) …
Match- Mismatch Regulation For Bluegill And Yellow Perch Larvae And Their Prey In Sandhill Lakes, Jeffrey C. Jolley, David W. Willis, Richard S. Holland
Match- Mismatch Regulation For Bluegill And Yellow Perch Larvae And Their Prey In Sandhill Lakes, Jeffrey C. Jolley, David W. Willis, Richard S. Holland
Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications
Food availability may regulate fish recruitment, both directly and indirectly. The availability of zooplankton, especially to newly hatched larvae, is thought to be crucial to their early growth and survival. We examined stomach contents of larval bluegill Lepomis macrochirus and yellow perch Perca flavescens in Pelican Lake and Cameron Lake, Nebraska, in 2004 and 2005. We also determined zooplankton availability and calculated prey selection using Chesson’s a. In addition, we investigated potential match–mismatch regulation of recruitment from 2004 to 2008. Bluegill positively selected copepod nauplii and Bosmina spp., and yellow perch often selected copepods. Abundant zooplankton populations were available for …
Twin Screw Extrusion Of Ddgs-Based Aquaculture Feeds, S. Kannadhason, Kurt A. Rosentrater, K. Muthukumapappan, Michael L. Brown
Twin Screw Extrusion Of Ddgs-Based Aquaculture Feeds, S. Kannadhason, Kurt A. Rosentrater, K. Muthukumapappan, Michael L. Brown
Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications
Six isocaloric (3.65 kcal/g), isonitrogenous (35% dry-basis [db] protein), ingredient blends were prepared with 0, 17.5, 20, 22.5, 25, and 27.5% distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and other ingredients (soybean meal, corn, fish meal, whey, soybean oil, vitamin and mineral mix). The blends were moisture balanced to 15% db, then extruded in a twin screw extruder using a 2 mm die at 190 rpm, and a 3 mm die at 348 rpm. Analyses of the extrudates included moisture content, expansion ratio, unit density, bulk density, sinking velocity, color (L*, a*, and b*), water absorption, water solubility, and pellet durability …
The Influence Of Didymosphenia Geminate On Fisheries Resources In Rapid Creek, South Dakota – An Eight Year History, D.A. James, S.R. Chipps
The Influence Of Didymosphenia Geminate On Fisheries Resources In Rapid Creek, South Dakota – An Eight Year History, D.A. James, S.R. Chipps
Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications
The aquatic nuisance diatom Didymosphenia geminata was established in Rapid Creek in the Black Hills of South Dakota in 2002. Shortly thereafter, large declines (>50%) of the naturalized brown trout Salmo trutta population were observed. We evaluated the influence of water resources and D. geminata on (1) declines in brown trout biomass, (2) changes in food resources, and (3) diet of brown trout in Black Hills streams. Drought conditions were largely responsible for trout declines in Black Hills streams. However, comparison of brown trout sizestructure between the pre-D. geminata and post-D. geminata periods revealed that juvenile brown …
Performance Characteristics Of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Fed Diets Containing Graded Levels Of Fuel-Based Distllers Dried Grains With Solubles, T. W. Schaeffer, M. L. Brown, K. A. Rosentrater
Performance Characteristics Of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Fed Diets Containing Graded Levels Of Fuel-Based Distllers Dried Grains With Solubles, T. W. Schaeffer, M. L. Brown, K. A. Rosentrater
Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications
A feeding trial was performed to investigate levels of corn-based Distillers Dried Grains with solubles (DDGS), a co-product of fuel ethanol manufacturing, used as a nutrient source for juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Three isocaloric (15.7±0.7 MJ kg-1 dry matter), isonitrogenous (29.6±1.0% crude protein) experimental diets were formulated to contain 20, 30 and 40% DDGS; a commercial diet containing fishmeal was used as a reference diet. Glass aquaria (110 L) were stocked with Nile tilapia (mean weight = 6.7 g) with four replicates per diet. Weight gains, conversion ratios and hepatosomatic indices did not significantly differ between …
The Analysis Of Cyanide And Its Metabolites In Biological Samples, Brian A. Logue, Diane M. Hinkens
The Analysis Of Cyanide And Its Metabolites In Biological Samples, Brian A. Logue, Diane M. Hinkens
Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications
Cyanide is a toxic chemical that may be introduced to living organisms as a result of both legal and illicit uses of cyanide. Exposure to cyanide can be verifi ed by analyzing cyanide or one of its break-down products from biological samples. This verifi cation is important for medical, law-enforcement, forensic, research, and veterinary purposes. This review will identify common problems associated with the analysis of cyanide and its metabolites, discuss current bioanalytical techniques used for verifi cation of cyanide exposure, and briefl y address the metabolism and toxicokinetics of cyanide and its break-down products in biological systems.
Use Of High Pressure Liquid Chromatography To Detect And Quantify Oxytetracycline Marks In Walleye Otoliths And Dorsal Spines, Michael J. Hawkins
Use Of High Pressure Liquid Chromatography To Detect And Quantify Oxytetracycline Marks In Walleye Otoliths And Dorsal Spines, Michael J. Hawkins
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Oxytetracycline (OTC) is used to chemically mark calcified structures in walleye Stizostedion vitreum fry and fingerlings. Current visual methods for detection of these marks are subjective, and biologists are unable to quantify the amount of OTC in a sample. The goal of this study was to determine if high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a feasible and superior alternative for detecting and quantifying OTC in otoliths of fry-marked and spines of fingerlingmarked walleyes. Study objectives were to validate methodology of extraction of OTC from calcified tissue, detect and quantify extracted OTC using HPLC, and determine a cost comparison of current …
Invertebrate Egg And Plant Seed Banks In Natural, Restored, And Drained Wetlands In The Prairie Pothole Region (Usa) And Potential Effects Of Sedimentation On Recolonization Of Hydrophytes And Aquatic Invertebrates, Robert Andrew Gleason
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Sediment is the major pollutant of wetlands, lakes, rivers, and estuaries in the United States and it poses unique threats to wetlands of the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR). Sediment may impact the success of wetland restorations because burial of invertebrate and plant propagules may impact hatching and germination success, and hence, may hamper successional changes throughout interannual climate cycles. Sedimentation also reduces the pool depth and volume, further exacerbating the recovery of hydrophyte communities in restored wetlands. I evaluated the potential impacts of sedimentation on prairie wetlands from several perspectives. First, I evaluated the effects of sedimentation on loss of …
The Status And Distribution Of The Topeka Shiner Notropis Topeka In Eastern South Dakota, Carmen M. Blausey
The Status And Distribution Of The Topeka Shiner Notropis Topeka In Eastern South Dakota, Carmen M. Blausey
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The Topeka shiner Notropis topeka is a small (< 75 mm) minnow that inhabits prairie streams in several north central plains states. Once widespread and abundant throughout its historic range, the Topeka shiner is now found only in isolated populations. Because of an 80% reduction in occurrence throughout their range, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service listed the Topeka shiner as endangered in January 1999. At the time, limited information on habitat preferences and dist1ibution existed for this species in South Dakota. The objectives of this study were to measure local habitat features and water quality conditions at the reach scale at Topeka shiner study sites, create a model using these data to determine favorable habitat conditions, and identify fish species commonly associated with Topeka shiners. Fish and habitat data were collected at 61 tributary sites of the James, Vermillion, and Big Sioux rivers from June through September in 1999 and 2000. Sample sites in 1999 were based on historic Topeka shiner records in the South Dakota Natural Heritage Database. Sample sites in 2000 were based on a draft GIS model identifying potential Topeka shiner streams. Fish were collected with seines between block nets and standard procedures were used to measure physical and hydrological features of stream reaches. Cyprinids dominated the fish community for each river basin during both sample years. Insectivores and omnivores were the dominant trophic classes for each river basin for both sample years. Fish community associations for Topeka shiners were based on two stepwise logistic regression models: abundance of individual species at each site and presence or absence of individual species at each site. The abundance model indicated that Topeka shiners were most commonly associated with orangespotted sunfish Lepomis lutrenis and tadpole madtoms Noturns gyrinus. The presence/absence model showed that Topeka shiners were typically associated with red shiners Notropis lutrenis, tadpole madtoms Noturns gyrinus, black bullheads Ameiurus melas, and bigmouth shiners Notropis dorsalis. Habitat preferences were based on three stepwise logistic regression models: physical habitat water quality, and substrate composition at the reach scale. The physical habitat model indicated that Topeka shiners are associated with stream reaches that had low animal use, overhanging vegetation, stream bank vegetation comprised of sedges/rushes, low depositional zones, and run macrohabitat. The water quality model did not indicate any favorable or preferred conditions. The substrate model indicated that Topeka shiners are associated with stream reaches that had fine gravel or cobble substrates. The results of my study will lead to a better understanding of Topeka shiner distribution and habitat, and aid federal and state agencies in making management decisions that provide for protection and preservation of this species.
South Dakota Fisheries: An Evaluation Of A Chemical Immersion Marking Technique For Juvenile Yellow Perch And Application To A Stocking Assessment Of Marsh-Reared Yellow Perch Into Eastern South Dakota Lakes, Michael L. Brown, Todd St. Sauver, David O. Lucchesi, Jennifer L. Glib, M. Elizabeth Reinhart
South Dakota Fisheries: An Evaluation Of A Chemical Immersion Marking Technique For Juvenile Yellow Perch And Application To A Stocking Assessment Of Marsh-Reared Yellow Perch Into Eastern South Dakota Lakes, Michael L. Brown, Todd St. Sauver, David O. Lucchesi, Jennifer L. Glib, M. Elizabeth Reinhart
Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications
Currently, yellow perch Perca flavescens stocking needs in South Dakota are met by intensive trap and transfer of juvenile and adult perch. The success of these stocking efforts is largely undocumented, primarily due to problems in distinguishing yellow perch produced within the recipient water body and stocked perch. We first developed a transfer-tank marking protocol to determine immersion duration and optimal concentration of oxytetracycline (OTC) hydrochloride needed to produce an effective mark. Then we validated the protocol for adult yellow perch and determined the persistence of OTC in edible muscle tissue. Marking results indicated that satisfactory OTC marks may be …
Food Habits And Diet Overlap Of Age-1 And Older Walleye And White Bass In Lake Poinsett, South Dakota, Andrew B. Starostka
Food Habits And Diet Overlap Of Age-1 And Older Walleye And White Bass In Lake Poinsett, South Dakota, Andrew B. Starostka
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
White bass Marone chysops and walleye Stizostedion vitreum coexist in several of the large glacial lakes in eastern South Dakota. I collected age-1 and older white bass and walleye in Lake Poinsett, South Dakota during May, July and September, 1998 to determine food habits and diet overlap using percent by weight to describe diets and Schoener's index (Cxy) to determine diet overlap. Macroinvertebrates were common prey items for white bass in all length groups during all sample dates. The primary macroinvertebrates consumed by white bass were corixids, amphipods and dipterans. Fish, as a group, were second in diet importance over …
Seasonal Investigation Of Native Fishes And Their Habitats In Missouri River And Yellowstone River Backwaters, Shannon J. Fisher
Seasonal Investigation Of Native Fishes And Their Habitats In Missouri River And Yellowstone River Backwaters, Shannon J. Fisher
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Interactions between the Missouri River and its floodplain have been severely degraded due to channelization and impoundment. Ecologists have assumed that backwaters are a critical habitat component for certain life stages of native fishes; however, documented relationships are limited. During this study, I monitored fishes, invertebrates, and habitats to help determine the importance of backwaters to native fishes of various life stages, and to assess the changes that occur in habitat characteristics and invertebrate densities during periods with differential connectivity. Seven assemblages of fishes, identified with catch-per-unit-effort data, had at least some relationship with the backwaters. The assemblages included two …
Guide To The Common Fishes Of South Dakota, Robert M. Neumann, David W. Willis
Guide To The Common Fishes Of South Dakota, Robert M. Neumann, David W. Willis
SDSU Extension Circulars
South Dakota is home to more than 100 fish species. This guide is a reference to the most common 50 species. Included are tips for identification, distribution maps and brief life histories. Also included is a comprehensive listing of the known fish species in South Dakota.
Population Status And Characteristics Of Macrhybopsis Gelida, Platygobio Gracilis And Rhinichthys Cataractae In The Missouri River Basin, Selena J. Werdon
Population Status And Characteristics Of Macrhybopsis Gelida, Platygobio Gracilis And Rhinichthys Cataractae In The Missouri River Basin, Selena J. Werdon
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Few sturgeon chub (Macrhybopsis gelida: Cyprinidae) have been collected in the last decade, therefore their status, habitat selection and morphology were investigated at 172 previous collection sites. Data on two ecologically similar species, Platygobio gracilis and Rhinichthys cataractae, were also collected. Macrhvbopsis gelida were collected at 28 sites on the Powder River (n = 158) in Wyoming and Montana, and at one site on the Yellowstone River (n = 1) in Montana. Age-I, Age-II and Age-III M. gelida were collected. Specimens were 37 to 95 mm in total length. Macrhvbopsis gelida were ripe in mid-June, at water temperatures of 18.3-22. …
Parasites Of Salmonid Fishes From Southcentral Alaska, James Carl Riis
Parasites Of Salmonid Fishes From Southcentral Alaska, James Carl Riis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The importance of fish parasites is directly related to the value of the fish they affect. Alaskan salmonids are extremely important and are constantly increasing in value to the United States. Other countries, such as Japan and Russia, are also finding Alaskan salmonids important as a foodstuff. If human populations continue growing at present rates, in only a few years there could be twice as many people eating fish. As a recreational asset in Alaska, salmonids rank at or near the top, both for sportfishing and as a natural attraction. It is thus important from an economic point of view …