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Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

2008

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Articles 61 - 75 of 75

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Prepartum Supplementation Influences Response To Timed Artificial Insemination By Suckled Mature Beef Cows (2008), M.D. Thomas, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, J.W. Bolte, N.A. Sproul, D.A. Linden, K. C. Olson, John R. Jaeger Jan 2008

Prepartum Supplementation Influences Response To Timed Artificial Insemination By Suckled Mature Beef Cows (2008), M.D. Thomas, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, J.W. Bolte, N.A. Sproul, D.A. Linden, K. C. Olson, John R. Jaeger

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fat supplementation before calving (i.e., prepartum) can alter reproductive performance of beef cows. These effects do not seem to be related to energy or protein content of the supplement. Chemical structures of some plant fats are similar to chemical structures of certain reproductive hormones; moreover, some fats are precursors to prostaglandin production. Prepartum vegetable fat supplementation has been associated with improved reproductive performance by cows and heifers managed for artificial insemination (AI) breeding. The biological basis for this effect is not clearly understood but is believed to reflect the influence of fat supplements on cyclicity, body weight, body condition, and …

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Vitamin A Restriction During Finishing Benefits Beef Retail Color Display Life (2008), M.J. Daniel, A.M. Arnett, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2008

Vitamin A Restriction During Finishing Benefits Beef Retail Color Display Life (2008), M.J. Daniel, A.M. Arnett, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Because the beef industry commonly uses marbling as an indicator of meat palatability, determining the most cost effective methods of increasing quality grade in cattle is a high priority. Previous research showed that weaning calves at around 90 instead of 200 days of age can be beneficial in reducing cow production costs and increasing marbling in feedlot steers. Other studies demonstrated that high levels of vitamin A inhibit development of intramuscular fat. Vitamin A restriction is used commonly in Japanese cattle to increase marbling scores; this stimulated interest in applying this restriction in U.S. beef production systems. However, little research …

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Information Needs Regarding The National Animal Identification System In The Livestock Auction Market Industry (2008), K. Bolte, Kevin C. Dhuyvetter, Ted C. Schroeder Jan 2008

Information Needs Regarding The National Animal Identification System In The Livestock Auction Market Industry (2008), K. Bolte, Kevin C. Dhuyvetter, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The National Animal Identification System (NAIS) is a federal-level voluntary program that uses a streamlined information system designed to help animal health officials and producers respond to animal health threats in a timely manner.2 Electronic individual animal identification systems likely will be the popular choice among cattle producers who adopt individual animal identification systems. Because auction markets are the first market for many cattle, livestock markets are a natural place to implement animal identification scanning and recording. Therefore, it is important to understand livestock market operators' knowledge, concerns, views, and adoption of the NAIS and electronic animal identification systems. If …

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Nutrient Balance Of A Commercial Feedlot (2008), S.Q. Jones, J.M. Ham, Joel M. Derouchey Jan 2008

Nutrient Balance Of A Commercial Feedlot (2008), S.Q. Jones, J.M. Ham, Joel M. Derouchey

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The ability to develop nutrient balance for a livestock operation is important for maintaining a long-term sustainable production system and for compliance with current and future environmental regulations. Producers invest considerable financial resources in farm inputs, primarily feed and livestock. When animals leave the farm, they retain a portion of the feed nutrients they consumed, but the majority of consumed nutrients are excreted. Once excreted, certain compounds in the manure volatilize, which lowers the manure nutrient content and diminishes economic value of the manure as fertilizer. In addition, these volatile compounds can create air quality concerns. Operations designated as concentrated …

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Length Of The Weaning Period Does Not Affect Post-Weaning Growth Or Health Of Lightweight Summer-Weaned Beef Calves (2008), J.W. Bolte, K. C. Olson, Bradley J. White, Robert L. Larson, George A. Milliken, N.A. Sproul, M.D. Thomas, John R. Jaeger, Daniel U. Thomson Jan 2008

Length Of The Weaning Period Does Not Affect Post-Weaning Growth Or Health Of Lightweight Summer-Weaned Beef Calves (2008), J.W. Bolte, K. C. Olson, Bradley J. White, Robert L. Larson, George A. Milliken, N.A. Sproul, M.D. Thomas, John R. Jaeger, Daniel U. Thomson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the most economically devastating feedlot disease. Risk factors associated with incidence of BRD include: 1) stress associated with maternal separation; 2) stress associated with introduction to an unfamiliar environment; 3) low feed intake associated with the introduction of novel feedstuffs into the diet; 4) exposure to novel pathogens upon transport to a feeding facility and commingling with unfamiliar cattle; and 5) inappropriately administered respiratory disease vaccination programs. Management practices collectively referred to as preconditioning are thought to minimize carcass damage resulting from BRD. Preconditioning management attempts to eliminate or reduce risk factors for respiratory disease …

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Behavior Of Beef Cows Grazing Topographically Rugged Native Range Is Influenced By Mineral Delivery System (2008), N.A. Sproul, J.W. Bolte, D.R. Linden, R.A. Kreikemeier, L.A. Pacheco, M.D. Thomas, James J. Higgins, K. C. Olson, James S. Drouillard, John R. Jaeger Jan 2008

Behavior Of Beef Cows Grazing Topographically Rugged Native Range Is Influenced By Mineral Delivery System (2008), N.A. Sproul, J.W. Bolte, D.R. Linden, R.A. Kreikemeier, L.A. Pacheco, M.D. Thomas, James J. Higgins, K. C. Olson, James S. Drouillard, John R. Jaeger

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Poor grazing distribution is a major problem on rangelands of the western United States. Grazing animals tend to congregate in areas near water, shade, and level terrain. These areas typically become overgrazed, while less preferred areas of pasture remain undergrazed. Solutions to localized overgrazing include cross-fencing and water development; however, most land managers are unwilling to bear the expense associated with these strategies. Most types of supplements, including mineral supplements, have potential to lure cattle into under-utilized areas of range and pasture. Cows spend up to 40% of their time within 650 yards of self-fed supplements, but relationships between terrain …

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Heifers Sired By Bulls With Low Residual Feed Intake Estimated Breeding Values Have Lower Residual Feed Intake Than Heifers Sired By Bulls With High Residual Feed Intake Estimated Breeding Values (2008), J. Minick Bormann, Daniel W. Moser, T.T. Marston Jan 2008

Heifers Sired By Bulls With Low Residual Feed Intake Estimated Breeding Values Have Lower Residual Feed Intake Than Heifers Sired By Bulls With High Residual Feed Intake Estimated Breeding Values (2008), J. Minick Bormann, Daniel W. Moser, T.T. Marston

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feed is one of the largest costs in a cow/calf or feedlot operation. However, very little data is available to aid producers in genetically improving their herd for feed efficiency. In Australia, bull tests record individual feed intakes, which are used to calculate Estimated Breeding Values (EBV) (analogous to EPD) for residual feed intake (RFI). Residual feed intake measures the degree to which feed intake deviates from expected levels based on the animal size and rate of gain. Negative values are good; they indicate the animal ate less than expected for its size and growth rate. Our objective was to …

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Distiller’S Grain Market Price Relationships, Discovery, And Risk Management (2008), T.W. Van Winkle, Ted C. Schroeder Jan 2008

Distiller’S Grain Market Price Relationships, Discovery, And Risk Management (2008), T.W. Van Winkle, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The substantial increase in corn use by the ethanol refinery industry (Figure 1) has resulted in livestock producers, especially cattle feeders, substituting distiller's grain (DG) for corn in feed rations. DG futures markets do not exist, but actively traded corn and soybean meal (SBM) futures are the most probable markets for hedging DG price risk. Therefore, the ability to offset DG price risk using corn and SBM futures is incorporated into analysis to quantify the strength of price relationships. If DG prices and corn or SBM futures prices are strongly related, then a viable cross hedging opportunity might exist. If …

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Restricted Feeding Improves Performance Of Growing Steers During Subsequent Grazing On Native Flint Hills Pasture (2008), C.O. Anglin, M.P. Epp, R.D. Derstein, B.B. Barnhardt, Dale A. Blasi, K. C. Olson, Christopher D. Reinhardt Jan 2008

Restricted Feeding Improves Performance Of Growing Steers During Subsequent Grazing On Native Flint Hills Pasture (2008), C.O. Anglin, M.P. Epp, R.D. Derstein, B.B. Barnhardt, Dale A. Blasi, K. C. Olson, Christopher D. Reinhardt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Beef stocker operators are margin-operators, and rising feed costs force them to consider alternative feeding strategies to reduce production costs. Limit-feeding is a management technique that has positive implications for cost control. In this experiment, we restricted dry matter intake to determine if steers could compensate for a period of dietary restriction during intensive early grazing. This study illustrated that limit-feeding could reduce feed costs for stocker and background operators.

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Crude Glycerin In Steam-Flaked Corn-Based Diets For Beef Cattle (2008), G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, James S. Drouillard Jan 2008

Crude Glycerin In Steam-Flaked Corn-Based Diets For Beef Cattle (2008), G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Plant oils contain large amounts of triglycerides that will react to a catalyst, such as methanol. The transesterification reaction between the oil and alcohol will produce approximately 10% crude glycerin and 90% biodiesel. Crude glycerin is distilled for use in human products such as soaps, cosmetics, and moisturizers, but the usefulness of glycerin as a feed source for livestock is unclear. Rapid expansion of the biodiesel industry has created excess supplies of crude glycerin. It is thought that glycerin can be used in ruminant diets to decrease feed costs, but crude glycerin from biodiesel production can contain various levels of …

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Evaluation Of Dried Distiller’S Grains And Roughage Source In Steam-Flaked Corn-Based Finishing Diets (2008), S. Uwituze, G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard Jan 2008

Evaluation Of Dried Distiller’S Grains And Roughage Source In Steam-Flaked Corn-Based Finishing Diets (2008), S. Uwituze, G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) are the main byproduct of dry milling, the process used most frequently for fuel ethanol production. DDGS consist of the spent grains following ethanol distillation and are high in protein, fat, fiber, and minerals. Alfalfa hay and corn silage are roughages most commonly included in feedlot diets and are one of the most expensive ingredients in feedlot diets on an energy basis. Comparing use of alfalfa hay and corn silage in conjunction with DDGS can provide useful information on how to obtain maximum benefit from these ingredients. Our objective was to evaluate the use …

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Digestibility Of Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles In Steam-Flaked Or Dry-Rolled Corn Diets (2008), M.L. May, M.J. Hands, M.J. Quinn, J.O. Wallace, Leigh W. Murray, Christopher D. Reinhardt, James S. Drouillard Jan 2008

Digestibility Of Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles In Steam-Flaked Or Dry-Rolled Corn Diets (2008), M.L. May, M.J. Hands, M.J. Quinn, J.O. Wallace, Leigh W. Murray, Christopher D. Reinhardt, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In previous experiments, we observed that the nutritional value of dried distiller's grains is less when added to finishing diets made of steam-flaked corn than when added to diets of dry-rolled corn. We hypothesized that effects of grain processing on value of distiller's grains are attributable to differences in the digestion characteristics of grains processed via flaking or dry rolling. In this study, our objective was to evaluate differences in ruminal metabolism and total tract digestion of diets made from dry-rolled or steam-flaked corn with and without dried distiller's grains.

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Dried Distiller’S Grains In Steam-Flaked Corn Finishing Diets With Decreased Roughage Levels (2008), M.L. May, M.J. Quinn, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard Jan 2008

Dried Distiller’S Grains In Steam-Flaked Corn Finishing Diets With Decreased Roughage Levels (2008), M.L. May, M.J. Quinn, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Distiller's grains are the primary coproduct derived from fuel ethanol production. As the fuel ethanol industry expands into the High Plains, distiller's grains are becoming increasingly available as an alternative feed for livestock. Optimizing the use of distiller's grains in flaked grain rations is important to maintaining a competitive advantage among feedlot producers in this region. Because distiller's grains are relatively high in fiber, it is conceivable that the level of roughages in feedlot diets could be reduced when distiller's grains are fed to cattle. Roughages normally have low energy density; therefore, the cost per unit of energy from roughages …

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Forage Intake By Pregnant And Lactating First-Calf Heifers (2008), D.R. Linden, David E. Anderson, L.A. Pacheco, J.W. Bolte, N.A. Sproul, M.D. Thomas, K. C. Olson, John R. Jaeger, Kelsey L. Holcomb Jan 2008

Forage Intake By Pregnant And Lactating First-Calf Heifers (2008), D.R. Linden, David E. Anderson, L.A. Pacheco, J.W. Bolte, N.A. Sproul, M.D. Thomas, K. C. Olson, John R. Jaeger, Kelsey L. Holcomb

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Forage dry matter intake by mature cows usually decreases during the final 4 to 8 weeks of gestation and then increases dramatically during the first 4 to 8 weeks of lactation. Rapid fetal growth during late pregnancy causes a physical impingement of the rumen. This reduction in ruminal capacity can cause prepartum reduction in forage intake. The rumen recovers its normal volume after calving. The increase in forage intake typical of the postpartum period is driven by milk production. Little research has focused on forage intake patterns by first-calf beef heifers during late gestation and early lactation. It is unknown …

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Effect Of Zilpaterol-Hcl (Zilmax) On Implanted And Non-Implanted Feedlot Steer Performance And Carcass Characteristics (2008), T.J. Baxa, J.P. Hutcheson, M.F. Miller, W.T. Nichols, M.N. Streeter, D.A. Yates, B.J. Johnson Jan 2008

Effect Of Zilpaterol-Hcl (Zilmax) On Implanted And Non-Implanted Feedlot Steer Performance And Carcass Characteristics (2008), T.J. Baxa, J.P. Hutcheson, M.F. Miller, W.T. Nichols, M.N. Streeter, D.A. Yates, B.J. Johnson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Zilpaterol-HCl (Zilmax) is a β2-adrenergic receptor agonist approved as a growth promotant in feedlot cattle for use during the last 20 to 40 days prior to harvest. It is orally active and improves performance and total body lean tissue. The recommended dosage is 7.6 grams per ton of feed on a 100% dry matter basis. Steroidal implants are used in feedlot animals to improve average daily gain, feed efficiency, and total lean tissue deposition. Little is known about how Zilmax and steroidal implants influence growth performance when used in combination. Our objective was to evaluate performance of steers administered Zilmax …

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