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Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station contribution; no. 97-309-S; Report of progress (Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service); 804; Cattlemen's Day
Articles 31 - 45 of 45
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Effects Of Ruminally Protected Choline And Dietary Fat On Performance Of Finishing Heifers (1998), D.J. Bindel, R.H. Wessels, C.A. Loest, James S. Drouillard, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Effects Of Ruminally Protected Choline And Dietary Fat On Performance Of Finishing Heifers (1998), D.J. Bindel, R.H. Wessels, C.A. Loest, James S. Drouillard, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A 120-day finishing study utilizing 318 heifers (753 lb initial body weight) examined the effects of ruminally protected choline in diets with no tallow or 2 or 4% of supplemental tallow. Heifers were fed a finishing diet based on a mix of steam-flaked and dry- rolled corn; encapsulated choline (20, 40, or 60 g/head/day, supplying 5, 10 or 15 g choline/head/day) was top-dressed to the diet or not added. Dry matter intake decreased linearly with inclusion of fat (P<.05) but was not affected significantly by addition of choline. Daily gains also decreased linearly (P<.05) with fat addition. Choline supplementation increased gain (linear, P<.1; qua dratic, P<.05), with the greatest increase occurring for the first 20 g increment encapsulated choline/day. Likewise, feed efficiency improved (P<.1) with supplemental choline. Again, the greatest response occurred for the first 20 g/day. Kidney, pelvic, and heart fat and yield grade both increased linearly (P<.1) with fat supplementation. The percentage of carcasses grading USDA Choice decreased (linear, P<.05; quadratic, P<.1) when choline was added at 60 g/day. Hot carcass weight, marbling, dressing percent, and 12th rib fat thickness were not affected significantly by either fat or choline. Ruminally protected choline can improve average daily gain and feed efficiency of finishing cattle.
Effects Of Added Fat, Degradable Intake Protein, And Ruminally-Protected Choline In Diets Of Finishing Steers (1998), A.S. Flake, Gerry L. Kuhl, James S. Drouillard
Effects Of Added Fat, Degradable Intake Protein, And Ruminally-Protected Choline In Diets Of Finishing Steers (1998), A.S. Flake, Gerry L. Kuhl, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A total of 216 yearling steers was used in two finishing experiments to evaluate interactions between levels of dietary fat, protein and ruminally protected choline. In Trial 1, steers received diets that combined levels of 0% or 5% added fat (choice white grease), 10.8% or 12.5% crude protein, and 0 or 5 grams per head daily of ruminally protected choline. Steers were fed in pens of five head each for 89 days. Adding fat decreased intake (P<.01), average daily gain (P<.1), and carcass weight (P<.07) and increased carcass yield grade (P<.06) but did not alter feed efficiency (P>.9). Increasing the protein level from 10.8 to 12.5% had no significant effects on live animal performance, but the high protein level resulted …
Betaine As A Dietary Supplement For Finishing Cattle (1998), C.A. Loest, R.D. Hunter, R.H. Wessels, James S. Drouillard, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Betaine As A Dietary Supplement For Finishing Cattle (1998), C.A. Loest, R.D. Hunter, R.H. Wessels, James S. Drouillard, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred seventy five steers (902 lb initial body weight) were used in a finishing study to determine the effect of betaine, provided either as feed-grade betaine (Betafin-S6, Finnsugar Bioproducts) or as concentrated separator by-product (CSB; desugared beet molasses), on animal performance and carcass characteristics. Steers were fed a finishing diet based on steam-flaked and dry-rolled corn. Treatments included 10.5 or 21 g/steer daily supplemental feed-grade betaine or 250 g (15.5 betaine) or 500 g (31 g betaine) of CSB per steer daily. Dry matter intakes increased (linear, P<0.1) for steers supplemented with feed- grade betaine. Average daily gains and feed efficiencies were not affected by treatments. Dressing percent and twelfth rib back fat increased (P<0.1) for steers that received feed-grade betaine. Rib-eye area decreased (P<0.1) when steers were supplemented with either feed-grade betaine or CSB. Yield grades were significantly higher (linear, P<0.1) for cattle receiving supplemental CSB or feed-grade betaine (quadratic, P<.05). Hot carcass weights, KPH, marbling scores, and percentage of carcasses grading USDA Choice were not affected by supplemental betaine. In this study, betaine supplementation did not markedly alter growth performance, but carcass fatness tended to increase for both supplements.
Microbial Shelf Life Of Chub-Packaged Ground Beef From Four Large U.S. Processing Plants (1998), P.E. Peters, S.D. Gamage, J.B. Luchansky, Randall K. Phebus
Microbial Shelf Life Of Chub-Packaged Ground Beef From Four Large U.S. Processing Plants (1998), P.E. Peters, S.D. Gamage, J.B. Luchansky, Randall K. Phebus
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Ten pound chubs of coarsely ground beef of two different lean:fat specifications (73:27 and 81:19) were stored at three temperatures (34, 38 or 45 ÌŠF) to monitor the effects of storage temperature on microbial condition of the product. Ground beef from four U.S. plants was tested (2 trials each), and microbial analyses were conducted on storage days 0, 6, 10, 14, and 18 using seven different media to estimate counts of total aerobic and anaerobic, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and Gram-negative bacteria. Bacterial counts for a given culture medium were similar among plants and meat types. At day 10, total …
Molasses-Fat Blend As An Energy Source And Conditioning Agent In Feedlot Diets (1998), A.S. Flake, Gerry L. Kuhl, James S. Drouillard
Molasses-Fat Blend As An Energy Source And Conditioning Agent In Feedlot Diets (1998), A.S. Flake, Gerry L. Kuhl, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Seventy-two yearling crossbred steers were used in an individual feeding trial to evaluate the effects of adding a molasses-fat blend (Synergy® 19/14; Cargill Molasses Liquid Products) to diets at 6 or 12% (dry basis) on growth performance, carcass traits, and feed intake behavior. Dry-rolled corn was processed to a mean geometric particle size of either 2,000 or 3,800 microns. Adding the liquid supplement at 6% to the coarse-rolled finishing ration improved gain (P<.1) and feed efficiency (P<.1). Incorporation of Synergy 19/14 into feedlot rations may help reduce fluctuations in feed intake.
Dry Aging: An Old Process Revisited (1998), R.E. Campbell, Melvin C. Hunt
Dry Aging: An Old Process Revisited (1998), R.E. Campbell, Melvin C. Hunt
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Dry aging of beef cuts, once considered the "gold standard" for premium palatability, is practiced by only a few processors. We were asked by a major southern meat purveyor to study variables of dry-aging processing. Detailed sensory analyses of flavor, juiciness, and tenderness clearly indicated that beef loins dry aged for 14 and 21 days were superior for all three traits to a product vacuum aged for 14 days and to a product dry aged for 7 days. In addition, dry- aged steaks could be vacuum packaged and stored for up to 16 days without losses in palatability. Dry aging …
Price Discovery Issues For Fed Cattle, J. Mintert, C.E. Ward, D.S. Peel, Ted C. Schroeder
Price Discovery Issues For Fed Cattle, J. Mintert, C.E. Ward, D.S. Peel, Ted C. Schroeder
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Interviews were conducted with cattle feeders, beef packers, and others involved in the beef industry to discern their concerns about fed-cattle price discovery. Three issues predominated. First was the need to better identify beef quality, ideally by objective means. Quality often, but not always, referred to tenderness and the "eating experience" of consumers. Second was the need for greater pricing accuracy, signaling a desire for less average pricing and more value-based pricing. The need for improved market information was the third issue identified.
Grid Pricing Of Fed Cattle (1998), Ted C. Schroeder
Grid Pricing Of Fed Cattle (1998), Ted C. Schroeder
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Pricing fed cattle on a value-based quality and yield grade grid provides the best opportunity for cattle producers to receive premiums associated with high quality cattle. However, grid discounts for cattle not desired by the particular packer are often quite substantial. Thus, cattle producers targeting cattle for specific grids need to have considerable knowledge regarding the quality attributes of their cattle. This study compared pricing of 202 pens of fed cattle on a live basis, a carcass (dressed) basis, and using four different packer grids. Results indicate that no single pricing method is optimal for all cattle. Producers need to …
Influence Of Melengesterol Acetate (Mga®) And Implus-H® Implants On Rate Of Gain, Feed Efficiency, And Carcass Characteristics Of Culled Beef Cows Fed A High Concentrate Ration (1998), M.F. Spire, J.C. Galland, John A. Unruh, James S. Drouillard
Influence Of Melengesterol Acetate (Mga®) And Implus-H® Implants On Rate Of Gain, Feed Efficiency, And Carcass Characteristics Of Culled Beef Cows Fed A High Concentrate Ration (1998), M.F. Spire, J.C. Galland, John A. Unruh, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
No statistical differences were detected in feedlot performance or carcass traits between control culled beef cows and those that were treated with melengesterol acetate (MGA®) and/or Implus-H® when fed in a feedyard for 56 days before slaughter. All groups performed well, indicating that this practice may be used to improve the market value of culled cows. Cow health during the feeding period is a major concern.
Projecting Fed Cattle Price Discovery Over The Next Decade (1998), J. Mintert, C.E. Ward, D.S. Peel, Ted C. Schroeder
Projecting Fed Cattle Price Discovery Over The Next Decade (1998), J. Mintert, C.E. Ward, D.S. Peel, Ted C. Schroeder
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Interviews were conducted with cattle feeders, beef packers, and others involved in the beef industry to project how fed cattle prices will be discovered in the next decade. Respondents generally indicated that economics will determine beef's market share in 2010, how important public grades and grading will be, and whether consumer brands for fresh beef will become common. Economics also will determine how much influence alliances will have, whether most cattle will be marketed by some value-based pricing system, and what changes will occur in market information and futures markets.
Differences In Efficiency Among Kansas Beef Cow Producers (1998), S. Eidson, Michael R. Langemeier, R. Jones
Differences In Efficiency Among Kansas Beef Cow Producers (1998), S. Eidson, Michael R. Langemeier, R. Jones
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Beef cow producers must manage costs of production and improve production efficiency to compete with hog and poultry and other beef cattle producers. A sample of 46 beef cow enterprises from the Kansas Farm Management database was used to measure technical, economic, and overall efficiencies. On average the farms were 92% technically efficient, 80% economically efficient and 73% overall efficient. Our results suggest that 5% increases in economic and scale efficiencies would increase profit per cow by $20 and $24, respectively.
Early Detection Of Problem Implants Using Infrared Thermography (1998), M.F. Spire, J.C. Galland, James S. Drouillard
Early Detection Of Problem Implants Using Infrared Thermography (1998), M.F. Spire, J.C. Galland, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Thermal imaging of feedlot cattle ears is a noninvasive diagnostic tool that aids in identifying properly placed or abscessed growth-promoting implants. Thirty-two calves were used to determine if abscessed and normal, functional implants could be identified and differentiated using infrared thermography. Infrared images were taken at implantation on days 2, 4, 7, 14, and 21 after implantation. Abscessed implants were easily identified. Use of thermal imaging can verify implant administration and, thus, has the potential to immediately impact feedlot quality assurance programs.
Comparison Of Implants In Grazing Heifers And Carryover Effects On Finishing Gains And Carcass Traits (1998), F.K. Brazle
Comparison Of Implants In Grazing Heifers And Carryover Effects On Finishing Gains And Carcass Traits (1998), F.K. Brazle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Crossbred yearling heifers were allotted randomly to three grazing implant treatments: 1) control (CONT), 2) Component® E-H (CEH), and 3) Ralgro® (RAL). After grazing native grass for 74 days, the heifers were transported to a western Kansas feedlot. All heifers were implanted with Synovex-H® upon arrival at the feedlot and were reimplanted70 days later with Finaplix-H®. The CEH heifers gained faster while on grass (P<.10) and in the feedlot than the RAL heifers. The CEH heifers had heavier carcasses than RAL heifers. Control heifers had the largest ribeyes. Other carcass traits, including USDA quality grade, were not influenced by pasture treatment. In this study, administration of CEH to heifers grazing native grass optimized overall performance whencombined with the feedlot implants (Synovex-H and Finaplix-H).
Effects Of Feeding Rumensin® In A Mineral Mixture On Steers Grazing Native Grass Pastures (1998), F.K. Brazle, S.B. Laudert
Effects Of Feeding Rumensin® In A Mineral Mixture On Steers Grazing Native Grass Pastures (1998), F.K. Brazle, S.B. Laudert
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Four hundred sixty-nine English and Continental cross yearling steers grazed on native grass pastures over a 2-year period. Rumensin® was added (1,620 g/ton) to the mineral mixture in half of the pastures. Some of the pastures were used from April 23 to July 15 and the remainder from April 23 to August 15. The pooled data for the grazing periods indicated that Rumensin supplemented steers gained 7.7% faster(P<.05) and consumed 32% less mineral (P<.05) compared to the control steers.
Effects Of Revalor-G®, Ralgro®, And Synovex-H® On The Performance Of Stocker Heifers Grazing Irrigated Rye Pasture (1998), Gerry L. Kuhl, Dale A. Blasi
Effects Of Revalor-G®, Ralgro®, And Synovex-H® On The Performance Of Stocker Heifers Grazing Irrigated Rye Pasture (1998), Gerry L. Kuhl, Dale A. Blasi
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A 151-day field study was conducted to compare three anabolic implants for promoting weight gain in stocker heifers grazing center pivot-irrigated pastures of winter rye. Three hundred previously nonimplanted heifers averaging 421 lb were allotted to one of four treatments: 1) no implant-control (NC), 2) Ralgro® (RAL), 3) Revalor-G® (REV-G) and 4) Synovex-H® (SYN-H). Heifers were weighed at monthly intervals to evaluate the growth response curve of each implant type over time relative to controls. Only during the first 32-day period after implantation did heifers implanted with REV-G gain significantly faster (P<.05) than NC. All implant groups responded similarly (P>.05) during the next three monthly weigh periods. …