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Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Dairy Science

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Early Postpartum Hormonal Therapy Improves Fertility Of Dairy Cows (1985), Jeffrey S. Stevenson, M. Benmrad Jan 1985

Early Postpartum Hormonal Therapy Improves Fertility Of Dairy Cows (1985), Jeffrey S. Stevenson, M. Benmrad

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A study of 234 Holstein cows was conducted to determine if hormonal treatments of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH or Cystorelin®) and(or) prostaglandin F2α (PGF or Lutalyse®) given early after calving would improve subsequent fertility of dairy cows. Treatment of cows having abnormal conditions associated with calving (puerperal problems) reduced interval from calving to conception by 43 to 48 days when GnRH was given once between days 10 and 14 postpartum or when PGF was administered once between 20 and 24 days after calving compared with cows given only saline (controls). The reduction in days open was 27 to 29 days overall …


The Impact Of Culling On Production And Profit (1985), Edward P. Call Jan 1985

The Impact Of Culling On Production And Profit (1985), Edward P. Call

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Profit or loss in the dairy enterprise is dependent upon yearly production per cow and degree of capitalization. Higher producing cows convert feed into milk more efficiently. Cows of similar body size have similar maintenance requirements, regardless of level of yearly production. The successful dairy enterprise must establish yearly production goals needed to satisfy cash flow requirements and then implement management procedures to obtain maximal yearly milk per cow on the number of cows required to meet the herd's goal.; Dairy Day, 1985, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1985;


Effect Of Moisture Level And Bale Size On Alfalfa Hay Quality (1985), A. Laytimi, C. Grimes, K.K. Bolsen Jan 1985

Effect Of Moisture Level And Bale Size On Alfalfa Hay Quality (1985), A. Laytimi, C. Grimes, K.K. Bolsen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Third cutting alfalfa was baled in large I-ton rectangular bales and in small conventional bales at three moisture levels, low (10%), medium (16%), and high (22%). During 120 days of storage under a roof, the high-moisture, large bales heated the most, reaching 128 ÌŠ F by 2 days post baling in a first peak and 133 ÌŠF in a second peak by the 11 th day. Moderate heating occurred in the high-moisture, small bales (l08° F) and medium-moisture, large bales(103 ÌŠF). Only the high-moisture, small and large bales had significant loss of dry matter during storage. Also, heating decreased the …


Rumensin Helps To Reduce The Incidence And Severity Of Legume Bloat In Cattle (1985), Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja, M.P. Katz, L.R. Fina Jan 1985

Rumensin Helps To Reduce The Incidence And Severity Of Legume Bloat In Cattle (1985), Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja, M.P. Katz, L.R. Fina

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Monensin at 300 mg and 450 mg per 1000 lbs body weight reduced the severity of alfalfa pasture bloat by 41.2 and 73.1 %, respectively. Lasalocid at the same levels reduced the bloat score by 25.5 and 12.4%. The difference between the two antibiotics appears to be in their ability to inhibit rumen protozoa. Monensin reduced protozoal population in the rumen, whereas lasalocid had no effect. A smaller protozoal population decreases compounds that contribute to frothiness and also increases substances such as plant chloroplasts, which have antifrothing properties.; Dairy Day, 1985, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1985;


Influence Of Temperature And Humidity On The Reproductive Efficiency Of Dairy Cattle (1985), John E. Shirley, G.G. Lagombra Jan 1985

Influence Of Temperature And Humidity On The Reproductive Efficiency Of Dairy Cattle (1985), John E. Shirley, G.G. Lagombra

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The reproductive performance of 179 Holstein cows during the period from December 1978 through March 1984 was evaluated with respect to environmental temperature and humidity at the time of insemination. This study was conducted at the Western Kentucky University Farm, Bowling Green, Kentucky. Average monthly temperatures are similar to eastern Kansas, but average humidity is approximately 10 per cent higher. Average seasonal temperature and humidity values during the study period were 37.5°F, 81.2%; 60.2°F, 84.4%; 74.9°F, 89.4%; and 53.6°F, 85.3% for winter, spring, summer and fall, respectively. Conception rates observed were 54%, 46%, 15%, and 39% for winter, spring, summer, …


Potential Of Interplanted Soybean And Grain Sorghum As A Forage For Dairy Cattle (1985), John E. Shirley, J. Evans Jan 1985

Potential Of Interplanted Soybean And Grain Sorghum As A Forage For Dairy Cattle (1985), John E. Shirley, J. Evans

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Interplanted soybean (l00 to 120 lbs/acre) and grain sorghum (15 to 20 lbs/acre) were harvested at 64,88,102, 123, and 130 days postplanting to determine the ratio and chemical composition of vegetative and seed parts for each plant at advancing stages of maturity. Initial vegetative dry matter yield was 6,300 lbs/acre and increased to 15,000 lbs/acre with 63% vegetative at 123 days postplanting. Vegetative portions (stems, leaves, stalks) of the soybean and grain sorghum plants constituted 100% of the dry matter at day 64, then decreased to 52% at day 130, whereas the contribution of the soy pod (plus bean) and …


Relationship Of Herd Average Somatic Cell Count And Spontaneous Recovery From Subclinical Mastitis (1985), James R. Dunham Jan 1985

Relationship Of Herd Average Somatic Cell Count And Spontaneous Recovery From Subclinical Mastitis (1985), James R. Dunham

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The rate of spontaneous recovery from subclinical mastitis was evaluated in 56 Kansas. DHI herds participating in the Somatic Cell Count (SCC) program. Herds were classified as low (>300,000) or high (>600,000) based on herd sec average. Comparisons between low and high SCC-herds were made for each cow's ability to recover from a subclinical case of mastitis (>600,000 SCC). Low-SCC herds had a rate of spontaneous recovery that was more than three times greater than that of high-SCC herds. Average SCC of cows with subclinical mastitis was similar in low and high herds J as well as …


Reproductive Characteristics Of Kansas Holstein Herds Grouped By Rolling Herd Average (1985), Edward P. Call, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 1985

Reproductive Characteristics Of Kansas Holstein Herds Grouped By Rolling Herd Average (1985), Edward P. Call, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An analysis of 635 Kansas Holstein herds with 41,426 cows indicated that the negative genetic antagonism between production and reproduction can be overcome with good management practices. As rolling herd average increased, only services per conception increased by 0.2 units. All other reproductive traits favored higher yearly production. Days to first service and cows not yet bred are the main factors responsible for less than ideal reproductive performance in Kansas Holstein herds.; Dairy Day, 1985, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1985;


Comparison Of Am-Pm And Dhi Records (1985), James R. Dunham Jan 1985

Comparison Of Am-Pm And Dhi Records (1985), James R. Dunham

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A comparison was made of the AM-PM production testing program with the traditional DHI program during 13 test periods of 1984 in the KSU Dairy Teaching and Research Center herd. Although there were slight variations in daily milk weights and percentages of fat and protein in milk, rolling herd averages were nearly identical. Individual 305-2X-M.E. milk and fat records also were compared for 107 cows using both testing programs. Differences between testing programs were minimal) as most records varied by less than 1%. Therefore, it was concluded that the AM-PM program is a very accurate production test.; Dairy Day, 1985, …


Effect Of Calf-Starter Protein Solubility On Calf Performance (1985), J.L. Morrill, P.G. Reddy, Keith C. Behnke, James J. Higgins Jan 1985

Effect Of Calf-Starter Protein Solubility On Calf Performance (1985), J.L. Morrill, P.G. Reddy, Keith C. Behnke, James J. Higgins

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three starters containing differently processed protein supplements were fed to Holstein heifer calves, using an early weaning program. One starter contained soybean meal. The other starters contained soybean grits processed through an extrusion cooker to reduce the protein solubility to an intermediate (PDI>50%) or low (PDI<15 %) level. Calf performance was similar on all three starters.; Dairy Day, 1985, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1985;


Effect Of Serum From Vitamin E-Supplemented Calves On Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus Replication (1985), P.G. Reddy, J.L. Morrill, H.C. Minocha, R.A. Frey Jan 1985

Effect Of Serum From Vitamin E-Supplemented Calves On Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus Replication (1985), P.G. Reddy, J.L. Morrill, H.C. Minocha, R.A. Frey

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Blood serum from Holstein calves supplemented with vitamin E at levels of 2800 mg orally or 1400 mg by injection at weekly intervals inhibited replication of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus in tissue cultures. Supplementing typical calf diets with vitamin E may increase protection against pathogens, at a time when they are more vulnerable to problems such as respiratory diseases.; Dairy Day, 1985, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1985;


Effect Of Sodium Bicarbonate And Sodium Bentonite On Digestion And Rumen Fermentation Characteristics Of Forage Sorghum Silage-Based Diets Fed To Growing Steers (1985), K.A. Jacques, D.E. Axe, T.R. Harris, D.L. Harmon Jan 1985

Effect Of Sodium Bicarbonate And Sodium Bentonite On Digestion And Rumen Fermentation Characteristics Of Forage Sorghum Silage-Based Diets Fed To Growing Steers (1985), K.A. Jacques, D.E. Axe, T.R. Harris, D.L. Harmon

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One percent sodium bicarbonate (NaHCo3) increased intake of a 50% silage - 50% grain diet, but had no effect on intake of a full-feed sorghum silage diet. The addition of concentrate (rolled milo) slightly lowered rumen pH and decreased acid detergent fiber (ADF) and starch digestion. NaHC03 had no effect on digestibility, but 2% bentonite lowered digestibility of NDF and ADF. Neither compound affected rumen fermentation characteristics.; Dairy Day, 1985, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1985;


Controlling Calving Intervals With Prostaglandin F2Α And Fixed-Time Inseminations (1985), Jeffrey S. Stevenson, M.C. Lucy, Edward P. Call Jan 1985

Controlling Calving Intervals With Prostaglandin F2Α And Fixed-Time Inseminations (1985), Jeffrey S. Stevenson, M.C. Lucy, Edward P. Call

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Prolonged or delayed interval to first breeding is a major cause of long calving intervals. Our objective was to test two methods of artificial insemination by appointment after controlling the onset of estrus for all first breedings after calving. prostaglandin F2α(PGF) was used to time the onset of estrus for cows in two experimental groups. Control cows (inseminated at first heat after 42 days postpartum) had longer intervals to first breeding than the two experimental groups given PCF at 40 to 46 and 51 to 57 days postpartum. Conception rates were lower in the treated cows than in control cows. …


Genetic Selection And Breeding Practices Of Kansas Holstein Herds In Relation To Yearly Level Of Production (1985), Edward P. Call Jan 1985

Genetic Selection And Breeding Practices Of Kansas Holstein Herds In Relation To Yearly Level Of Production (1985), Edward P. Call

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An analysis of 41,426 cows in 635 Kansas Holstein herds indicated that considerable improvement can be made in genetic gain by more stringent sire selection and greater use of proved bulls. The generation interval in dairy cattle is about 5 yr so a dairy producer has only a limited number of decisions by which to make genetic improvement. Maximum genetic gain is possible by breeding 80 percent of the herd to bulls in the 80+ percentile. The remainder of the herd should be bred to several young sires in a progeny test program to aid in selecting the meritorious sires …


Potential Of Interseeded Soybean And Grain Sorghum As A Forage For Dairy Cattle (1985), John E. Shirley, J. Koger Jan 1985

Potential Of Interseeded Soybean And Grain Sorghum As A Forage For Dairy Cattle (1985), John E. Shirley, J. Koger

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Soybeans interseeded with grain sorghum (soy-sorghum) was compared to corn silage as a silage crop for ruminant animals over a 3-year period. Results indicate that DM yields are comparable if soy-sorghum is seeded early (June 6) but less than corn silage when seeded late (June 28). Liquid manure may be substituted for commercial fertilizer without a significant decrease in soy-sorghum DM yield per acre.; Dairy Day, 1985, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1985;


Silage Additive Update: 1985 (1985), K.K. Bolsen, J.D. Hoover Jan 1985

Silage Additive Update: 1985 (1985), K.K. Bolsen, J.D. Hoover

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Silage additives are receiving fairly widespread acceptance in the U.S. as management tools that are important for silage-making. Many products, which are added to the crop at the time of harvest or ensiling, are available commercially in Kansas. Some manufacturers/distributors make no claims for their products, primarily because management is such an important factor in making a good quality silage. Others claim their product will improve silage quality. When a claim is made, it is wise to check for evidence that the product has a favorable effect on the silage crop in question. Farm-scale silo trials at Kansas State University …


Prostaglandin F2Α For Lactating Dairy Cows With Silent Estrus (1984), S.S. Plunkett, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, Edward P. Call Jan 1984

Prostaglandin F2Α For Lactating Dairy Cows With Silent Estrus (1984), S.S. Plunkett, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, Edward P. Call

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted in 17 dairy herds in NE Kansas to determine the effectiveness of prostaglandin F2α(PGF) for reducing intervals to conception for cows with silent or unobserved estrus. Cows that failed to be seen in heat so they could be inseminated after calving (Exp. 1) and cows that did not return to estrus after AI and were not pregnant when presented to veterinarian for pregnancy examination (Exp. 2) were assigned alternately to be given PGF or to receive no treatment after detection of a palpable corpus luteum. Cows were inseminated at 72 and 96 hr after PGF treatment …


Evaluation Of Raw And Processed Full-Fat Soybeans For High-Producing Dairy Cows (1984), G.M. Ward, J.L. Morrill, M.B. Morrill, A.D. Dayton Jan 1984

Evaluation Of Raw And Processed Full-Fat Soybeans For High-Producing Dairy Cows (1984), G.M. Ward, J.L. Morrill, M.B. Morrill, A.D. Dayton

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Rations containing either soybean meal, raw full-fat soybeans, or processed soybeans were compared using 36 high-producing dairy cows in early lactation. The processed soybeans were heated in a California Pellet Milt Jet-Sploder for sufficient time (about 1 min) to produce beans with exit temperature of 340°F. The raw soybeans and heated soybeans were rolled before being"¢ mixed into the concentrate mixture. Alfalfa hay and concentrate were consumed ad libitum in a ratio of 35 % hay and 65 % concentrate. Milk production and percent protein in milk were significantly greater when cows were fed soybean meal or Jet-Sploded beans than …


Bioavailability Of Alfalfa Calcium (1984), L.H. Harbers, G.M. Ward, A.D. Dayton Jan 1984

Bioavailability Of Alfalfa Calcium (1984), L.H. Harbers, G.M. Ward, A.D. Dayton

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The availability of oxalate and non-oxalate calcium in alfalfa was determined using a chick assay. Oxalate-bound calcium was found to contribute only 16% as much influence as nonoxalate calcium. The nonoxalate calcium in alfalfa was 18% more available than calcium carbonate (precipitated chalk).; Dairy Day, 1984, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1984;


Effect Of Processing Temperature On Utilization Of Whole Soybeans By Young Calves (1984), I.E.O. Abdelgadir, J.L. Morrill, J.A. Stutts, B. Morrill Jan 1984

Effect Of Processing Temperature On Utilization Of Whole Soybeans By Young Calves (1984), I.E.O. Abdelgadir, J.L. Morrill, J.A. Stutts, B. Morrill

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two trials were conducted to determine the optimum conditions for processing whole soybeans for young calves. In the first trial, laboratory procedures and a nitrogen balance study were used. This information was used to design the second trial in which raw and processed soybeans were evaluated in an 8-wk growth trial using 96 Holstein day-old calves. Starters contained soybean meal (SBM), SBM with added fat, raw soybeans, or soybeans processed at 280, 340, or 375°F in a California Pellet Mill Jet-Sploder. Calves fed the starters containing soybeans processed at 340 consumed more feed, gained faster, had lower fecal scores (less …


Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone And Conception Of Holstein Cows (1984), Jeffrey S. Stevenson, M.K. Schmidt, Edward P. Call Jan 1984

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone And Conception Of Holstein Cows (1984), Jeffrey S. Stevenson, M.K. Schmidt, Edward P. Call

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

To study the effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and timing of artificial insemination (Al) on fertility, 328 dairy cows were divided into four groups. Inseminations at first, second, or third service were done soon after detected estrus (0 hr) or 12 h later. One-half of the cows in each of the preceding groups received GnRH (100µg) or saline within 30 sec after AI. Conception at first service was not improved by GnRH. But conception rates at repeat services were improved by 21% when cows received GnRH after AI. Time of AI (0 vs 12 hr) had no effect on conception. …


Relationship Between Production And Reproduction In 5,480 Holstein Herds Enrolled In The Midstates Processing Center (1984), Edward P. Call, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 1984

Relationship Between Production And Reproduction In 5,480 Holstein Herds Enrolled In The Midstates Processing Center (1984), Edward P. Call, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Reproductive parameters were evaluated in 5,480 Holstein herds involving 335,673 cows to determine the reported negative genetic effect of production on reproduction. While higher producing herds had a slight decline in days to first bred, this effect was offset by a similar increase in services per conception. The greatest effect was seen in the percent of cows open and the average days open. It was concluded that managers of higher producing herds are more aware of the need to get cows bred back after calving and implement the necessary practices to minimize the percent of cows not yet serviced and …


Effect Of Supplemental Vitamin E On The Performance, Metabolic Profiles, And Immune Responses Of Dairy Calves (1984), P.G. Reddy, J.L. Morrill, H.C. Minocha, M.B. Morrill Jan 1984

Effect Of Supplemental Vitamin E On The Performance, Metabolic Profiles, And Immune Responses Of Dairy Calves (1984), P.G. Reddy, J.L. Morrill, H.C. Minocha, M.B. Morrill

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Forty-six Holstein heifer calves were used from birth to 3 rno to study the effect of supplemental vitamin E at 1400 or 2800 mg dl-a.-tocopherol acetate given orally at weekly intervals or 1400 mg dl-a-tocopherol by intramuscular injection. Weekly starter consumption was 10 to 27 % more (P=.12) and weekly weight gains were 9 to 25% more (P=.13) in supplemented calves. Creatine phosphokinase activity was negatively correlated with serurn tocopherol concentrations, indicating a subclinical muscular dystrophy in unsupplemented calves. Lymphocyte stimulation indices were positively correlated with serum tocopherol concentration. Calves given high level of oral supplementation had higher IgM antibody …


Evaluation Of An Early Weaning Program For Dairy Calves (1984), J.L. Morrill, M.K. Schmidt, A.J. Cullen, M.B. Morrill Jan 1984

Evaluation Of An Early Weaning Program For Dairy Calves (1984), J.L. Morrill, M.K. Schmidt, A.J. Cullen, M.B. Morrill

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One experiment was conducted to compare an early weaning program, using a prestarter , when calves were weaned at 2 or 3 wk of age with programs using conventional feeds and weaning at 3 or 6 wk of age. Daily gains to 8 wk of age were 1.19 and 1.03 pound for calves fed a commercial starter and weaned at 6 and 3 weeks of age, respectively; and were 1.1 and .97 for calves on the early weaning program and weaned at 3 and 2 wk of age, respectively. Another experiment was conducted to test one variation of the early …


Immunoglobulin Concentrations In Serum And Nasal Secretions Of Calves At The Onset Of Pneumonia (1984), L.B. Corbeil, B. Watt, R.R. Corbeil, T.G. Betzen Jan 1984

Immunoglobulin Concentrations In Serum And Nasal Secretions Of Calves At The Onset Of Pneumonia (1984), L.B. Corbeil, B. Watt, R.R. Corbeil, T.G. Betzen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Immunoglobulin (Ig) concentrations in serurn and in nasal secretions were correlated with pneumonia and diarrhea during the first 12 wk of life of dairy calves. The peak onset of pneumonia occurred between 2 and 4 wk of age when the calves' serum Ig G1, Ig G2 and IgA concentrations were lowest. As IgG2 concentrations increased, fewer calves developed pneumonia. Peak onset of pneumonia was also correlated with the lowest IgG and IgA concentrations in the calves' nasal secretions. Diarrhea often preceded pneumonia.; Dairy Day, 1984, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1984;


Factors Affecting Estrus And Fertility Of Holstein Heifers After Prostaglandin F2Α (1984), Jeffrey S. Stevenson, M.K. Schmidt, Edward P. Call Jan 1984

Factors Affecting Estrus And Fertility Of Holstein Heifers After Prostaglandin F2Α (1984), Jeffrey S. Stevenson, M.K. Schmidt, Edward P. Call

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Stage of the estrous cycle, time of insemination, and season of the year were examined for their influence on estrus and fertility of 223 Holstein heifers after prostaglandin F2α(PGF). Heifers given PGF early in the estrous cycle (days 5 to 8 where estrus = day 0) had shorter intervals (by 11 hr) to heat than heifers given PGF later in the cycle (days 14 to 16). Heats also were more closely synchronized for heifers treated early in the cycle. Season of the year had no effects on the interval to estrus or on proportion of heifers observed in heat. Conception …


Effect Of Niacin Supplementation On Milk Production And Ketosis Of Dairy Cattle (1984), G. Dufva, E. Bartley, A. Dayton, D. Riddell Jan 1984

Effect Of Niacin Supplementation On Milk Production And Ketosis Of Dairy Cattle (1984), G. Dufva, E. Bartley, A. Dayton, D. Riddell

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two lactation trials were undertaken to evaluate the effect of a niacin supplement on milk production and 'the physiological symptoms of ketosis. Blood ketone and non-esterified fatty acid levels were lower and blood glucose concentrations higher in niacin-supplemented cows. These trends were exhibited regardless of whether supplementation began 2 wk prepartum or immediately after calving. A 6 g daily dose was found to be of equal or higher benefit than a 12 g supplement. Cows gi ven niacin consistently produced more milk than controls, though the difference was small.; Dairy Day, 1984, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1984;


Effects Of Various Feeding, Breeding And Management Practices On Milk Production (1984), James R. Dunham Jan 1984

Effects Of Various Feeding, Breeding And Management Practices On Milk Production (1984), James R. Dunham

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The March 1984 DHI summary of Kansas Holstein herds shows some interesting correlations of various feeding, breeding, and management factors to production (Table 1). The Rolling Herd Average (RBA) is an excellent evaluation of the efficiency of dairy herds since RHA and income-over-feed-cost are closely related. Although income-over-feed-cost is not profit, it provides the income for paying the other costs of producing milk. The goal of every dairy producer should be to increase the RHA in order to improve profitability.; Dairy Day, 1984, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1984;


Development Of An Early Weaning Program For Dairy Calves (1984), J.L. Morrill, A.D. Dayton, A.J. Zmolek, M.A. Vitcenda Jan 1984

Development Of An Early Weaning Program For Dairy Calves (1984), J.L. Morrill, A.D. Dayton, A.J. Zmolek, M.A. Vitcenda

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

After preliminary experiments, four trials were conducted to develop and test a new feeding program for calves. The program involves the use of a special feed (a prestarter) to encourage calves to eat dry feed and to provide high quality nutrients during the time of initial rumen development. Using this plan, calves were weaned at 2 weeks of age with good results.; Dairy Day, 1984, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1984;