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Articles 61 - 77 of 77
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Mapping Ionotropic Receptor Expression In Aedes Aegypti Olfactory Tissue, Reinier Alvarez, Kevin Cabrera
Mapping Ionotropic Receptor Expression In Aedes Aegypti Olfactory Tissue, Reinier Alvarez, Kevin Cabrera
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Host olfactory cues are sufficient to attract a mosquito. Understanding the cellular and molecular basis of mosquito olfaction could lead to new targets for mosquito behavioral control. The antennae and maxillary palp allow mosquitoes to sense odors in their environment. These organs are covered in sensilla each containing two or more olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs). Insect OSNs express odor-gated ion channels consisting of an odor-selective receptor and a co-receptor. Olfactory receptor expression has not been comprehensively mapped in any mosquito species. In this study, we are constructing an expression map of the ionotropic receptor family (IRs) using whole mount RNA …
Development Of Gas-Phase Pre-Separation Tools For Higher Sensitivity In The Molecular Characterization Of Biodiesel Mixtures, Stephanie Alvarado, John Daniel Debord, Christopher Thompson, Piero Gardinali
Development Of Gas-Phase Pre-Separation Tools For Higher Sensitivity In The Molecular Characterization Of Biodiesel Mixtures, Stephanie Alvarado, John Daniel Debord, Christopher Thompson, Piero Gardinali
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
The analysis of complex mixtures without pre-fractionation is analytically challenged by the high number of chemical components and their wide concentration range. In addition, many chemical species are difficult to ionize and charge competition may occur prior to mass analyses, thus limiting the detection capabilities of any analytical instrument. In the present work, we show the advantages of gas-phase separation prior to high resolution mass spectrometry analysis. In particular, two biodiesel fuel standards (soy and animal based) were analyzed using a novel analytical method featuring gas chromatographic separation prior to atmospheric pressure laser ionization (APLI). Results showed that gas- phase …
Drivers Of Bird- Window Collisions In Florida International University’S Modesto A. Maidique Campus, Adam W. Hernandez, Andrea M. Ohanian, Hans Gonzembach, Oliver Ljustina, Elizabeth A. Lago, Claudia B. Gonzalez, Gabriel De La Iglesia
Drivers Of Bird- Window Collisions In Florida International University’S Modesto A. Maidique Campus, Adam W. Hernandez, Andrea M. Ohanian, Hans Gonzembach, Oliver Ljustina, Elizabeth A. Lago, Claudia B. Gonzalez, Gabriel De La Iglesia
Undergraduate Research at FIU (URFIU) Conference
Bird-window collisions are among the top leading causes of death for birds in North America. Studies have found primary drivers of bird-window collisions to be window area, building size, and presence of vegetation around the buildings. We hypothesized that higher window area and vegetation would increase birdwindow collisions, with an inverse relationship between number of stories and bird-window collisions. Surveys were conducted for 21 consecutive days around six buildings at Florida International University (FIU) in October 2014. Using ArcGIS, 50m buffers were created around each building to calculate percent vegetation and ImageJ was used to calculate percent window cover. We …
Modification Of Purine And Pyrimidine Nucleosides By Direct C-H Bond Activation, Yong Liang, Stanislaw F. Wnuk
Modification Of Purine And Pyrimidine Nucleosides By Direct C-H Bond Activation, Yong Liang, Stanislaw F. Wnuk
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
Transition metal-catalyzed modifications of the activated heterocyclic bases of nucleosides as well as DNA or RNA fragments employing traditional cross-coupling methods have been well-established in nucleic acid chemistry. This review covers advances in the area of cross-coupling reactions in which nucleosides are functionalized via direct activation of the C8-H bond in purine and the C5-H or C6-H bond in uracil bases. The review focuses on Pd/Cu-catalyzed couplings between unactivated nucleoside bases with aryl halides. It also discusses cross-dehydrogenative arylations and alkenylations as well as other reactions used for modification of nucleoside bases that avoid the use of organometallic precursors and …
Factors Affecting Current And Future Treeline Locations And Dynamics In The Peruvian Andes, Evan Rehm
Factors Affecting Current And Future Treeline Locations And Dynamics In The Peruvian Andes, Evan Rehm
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The elevational distributions of tropical treelines are thought to be determined by temperature, and are predicted to shift upslope in response to global warming. In contrast to this hypothesis, global-scale studies have shown that only half of all studied treelines are shifting upslope. Understanding how treelines will respond to climate change has important implications for global biodiversity, especially in the tropics, because tropical treelines generally represent the upper-elevation distribution limit of the hyper-diverse cloudforest ecosystem. In Chapter 1, I introduce the idea that grasslands found above tropical treelines may represent a potential grass ceiling which forest species cannot cross or …
Multimode Analysis Of Nanoscale Biomolecular Interactions, Purushottam Babu Tiwari
Multimode Analysis Of Nanoscale Biomolecular Interactions, Purushottam Babu Tiwari
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Biomolecular interactions, including protein-protein, protein-DNA, and protein-ligand interactions, are of special importance in all biological systems. These interactions may occer during the loading of biomolecules to interfaces, the translocation of biomolecules through transmembrane protein pores, and the movement of biomolecules in a crowded intracellular environment. The molecular interaction of a protein with its binding partners is crucial in fundamental biological processes such as electron transfer, intracellular signal transmission and regulation, neuroprotective mechanisms, and regulation of DNA topology. In this dissertation, a customized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) has been optimized and new theoretical and label free experimental methods with related analytical …
Customer Satisfaction And Behavioral Intentions: The Case Of Aruba-- Small Island Nation, Yang Cao, Robin Dipietro, Gerald Kock
Customer Satisfaction And Behavioral Intentions: The Case Of Aruba-- Small Island Nation, Yang Cao, Robin Dipietro, Gerald Kock
Hospitality Review
Tourism studies related to small island destinations have become a research stream amongst many academics in recent years. The current study investigates tourist satisfaction related to a tour operator on the island of Aruba that specializes in jeep and bus tours. As there is an increased expenditure pattern for these types of activities, companies are looking for ways to improve customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Results indicate that tourists are generally satisfied with the tour company; however a difference in satisfaction ratings was obtained for respondents 61 years old or above. Four factors were extracted from tourists’ satisfaction attributes and …
Tequila At Sunrise: Spring Break Travel Motivations And Risk Behaviors Of American Students In Acapulco, Mexico, J. Carlos Monterrubio Ph.D., Bharath M. Josiam Ph.D., Jennifer Duncan
Tequila At Sunrise: Spring Break Travel Motivations And Risk Behaviors Of American Students In Acapulco, Mexico, J. Carlos Monterrubio Ph.D., Bharath M. Josiam Ph.D., Jennifer Duncan
Hospitality Review
Little research has been completed regarding spring break motivations and behaviors of American students in foreign destinations, specifically in Mexico. This paper looks at push and pull motivations in relation to drug and alcohol consumption and findings indicate greater drug and alcohol use among those who selected “party reputation” and “to go wild” as travel motivations. Binge drinking, sexual activity, and drug use among students on spring break in Acapulco, Mexico were also analyzed and compared to past findings within the United States. Results suggest that students are involved in heavy alcohol consumption and significant drug use. Additionally, high rates …
A Rapid And Sensitive High-Throughput Screening Method To Identify Compounds Targeting Protein-Nucleic Acids Interactions, Nicole Alonso, Roboan Guillen, Jeremy W. Chambers, Fenfei Leng
A Rapid And Sensitive High-Throughput Screening Method To Identify Compounds Targeting Protein-Nucleic Acids Interactions, Nicole Alonso, Roboan Guillen, Jeremy W. Chambers, Fenfei Leng
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
DNA-binding and RNA-binding proteins are usually considered ‘undruggable’ partly due to the lack of an efficient method to identify inhibitors from existing small molecule repositories. Here we report a rapid and sensitive high-throughput screening approach to identify compounds targeting protein– nucleic acids interactions based on protein–DNA or protein–RNA interaction enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (PDI-ELISA or PRI-ELISA). We validated the PDI-ELISA method using the mammalian highmobility- group protein AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) as the protein of interest and netropsin as the inhibitor of HMGA2–DNA interactions. With this method we successfully identified several inhibitors and an activator for HMGA2–DNA interactions from a collection of …
Factors Affecting Individual Foraging Specialization And Temporal Diet Stability Across The Range Of A Large “Generalist” Apex Predator, Adam E. Rosenblatt, James C. Nifong, Michael R. Heithaus, Frank J. Mazzotti, Michael S. Cherkiss, Brian M. Jeffery, Ruth M. Elsey, Rachel A. Decker, Brian R. Silliman, Louis J. Guillette Jr., Russell H. Lowers, Justin C. Larson
Factors Affecting Individual Foraging Specialization And Temporal Diet Stability Across The Range Of A Large “Generalist” Apex Predator, Adam E. Rosenblatt, James C. Nifong, Michael R. Heithaus, Frank J. Mazzotti, Michael S. Cherkiss, Brian M. Jeffery, Ruth M. Elsey, Rachel A. Decker, Brian R. Silliman, Louis J. Guillette Jr., Russell H. Lowers, Justin C. Larson
FCE LTER Journal Articles
Individual niche specialization (INS) is increasingly recognized as an important component of ecological and evolutionary dynamics. However, most studies that have investigated INS have focused on the effects of niche width and inter- and intraspecific competition on INS in small-bodied species for short time periods, with less attention paid to INS in large-bodied reptilian predators and the effects of available prey types on INS. We investigated the prevalence, causes, and consequences of INS in foraging behaviors across different populations of American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis), the dominant aquatic apex predator across the southeast US, using stomach contents and stable …
Selective Reduction Of Cr(Vi) In Chromium, Copper And Arsenic (Cca) Mixed Waste Streams Using Uv/Tio2 Photocatalysis, Shan Zheng, Wenjun Jiang, Mamun Rashid, Yong Cai, Dionysios D. Dionysiou, Kevin E. O'Shea
Selective Reduction Of Cr(Vi) In Chromium, Copper And Arsenic (Cca) Mixed Waste Streams Using Uv/Tio2 Photocatalysis, Shan Zheng, Wenjun Jiang, Mamun Rashid, Yong Cai, Dionysios D. Dionysiou, Kevin E. O'Shea
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
The highly toxic Cr(VI) is a critical component in the Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA) formulations extensively employed as wood preservatives. Remediation of CCA mixed waste and discarded treated wood products is a significant challenge. We demonstrate that UV/TiO2 photocatalysis effectively reduces Cr(VI) to less toxic Cr(III) in the presence of arsenate, As(V), and copper, Cu(II). The rapid conversion of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) during UV/TiO2 photocatalysis occurs over a range of concentrations, solution pH and at different Cr:As:Cu ratios. The reduction follows pseudo-first order kinetics and increases with decreasing solution pH. Saturation of the reaction solution with argon during UV/TiO2 photocatalysis …
Changes Of Soil Biogeochemistry Under Native And Exotic Plants Species, Yujie Hua
Changes Of Soil Biogeochemistry Under Native And Exotic Plants Species, Yujie Hua
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Invasive plant species are major threats to the biodiversity and ecosystem stability. The purpose of this study is to understand the impacts of invasive plants on soil nutrient cycling and ecological functions. Soil samples were collected from rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere of both native and exotic plants from three genera, Lantana, Ficus and Schinus, at Tree Tops Park in South Florida, USA. Experimental results showed that the cultivable bacterial population in the soil under Brazilian pepper (invasive Schinus) was approximately ten times greater than all other plants. Also, Brazilian pepper lived under conditions of significantly lower available phosphorus …
Theoretical Investigation Of Intra- And Inter-Cellular Spatiotemporal Calcium Patterns In Microcirculation, Jaimit B. Parikh
Theoretical Investigation Of Intra- And Inter-Cellular Spatiotemporal Calcium Patterns In Microcirculation, Jaimit B. Parikh
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Microcirculatory vessels are lined by endothelial cells (ECs) which are surrounded by a single or multiple layer of smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Spontaneous and agonist induced spatiotemporal calcium (Ca2+) events are generated in ECs and SMCs, and regulated by complex bi-directional signaling between the two layers which ultimately determines the vessel tone. The contractile state of microcirculatory vessels is an important factor in the determination of vascular resistance, blood flow and blood pressure. This dissertation presents theoretical insights into some of the important and currently unresolved phenomena in microvascular tone regulation. Compartmental and continuum models of isolated EC …
The Mysterious Multi-Modal Repellency Of Deet, Matthew Degennaro
The Mysterious Multi-Modal Repellency Of Deet, Matthew Degennaro
Biomolecular Sciences Institute: Faculty Publications
DEET is the most effective insect repellent available and has been widely used for more than half a century. Here, I review what is known about the olfactory and contact mechanisms of DEET repellency. For mosquitoes, DEET has at least two molecular targets: Odorant Receptors (ORs) mediate the effect of DEET at a distance, while unknown chemoreceptors mediate repellency upon contact. Additionally, the ionotropic receptor Ir40a has recently been identified as a putative DEET chemosensor in Drosophila. The mechanism of how DEET manipulates these molecular targets to induce insect avoidance in the vapor phase is also contested. Two hypotheses …
Chromosome Territory Repositioning Induced By Pha-Activation Of Lymphocytes: A 2d And 3d Appraisal, Dimitirios Ioannou, Lakshmi Kandukuri, Joe Leigh Simpson, Helen G. Tempest
Chromosome Territory Repositioning Induced By Pha-Activation Of Lymphocytes: A 2d And 3d Appraisal, Dimitirios Ioannou, Lakshmi Kandukuri, Joe Leigh Simpson, Helen G. Tempest
Biomolecular Sciences Institute: Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Where Are The Tropical Plants? A Call For Better Inclusion Of Tropical Plants In Studies Investigating And Predicting The Effects Of Climate Change, Kenneth J. Feeley, Miles R. Silman, Alvaro Duque
Where Are The Tropical Plants? A Call For Better Inclusion Of Tropical Plants In Studies Investigating And Predicting The Effects Of Climate Change, Kenneth J. Feeley, Miles R. Silman, Alvaro Duque
Department of Biological Sciences
No abstract provided.
Quantitative Comparison Of Plant Community Hydrology Using Large-Extent, Long-Term Data, Daniel Gann, Jennifer H. Richards
Quantitative Comparison Of Plant Community Hydrology Using Large-Extent, Long-Term Data, Daniel Gann, Jennifer H. Richards
GIS Center
Large-extent vegetation datasets that co-occur with long-term hydrology data provide new ways to develop biologically meaningful hydrologic variables and to determine plant community responses to hydrology. We analyzed the suitability of different hydrological variables to predict vegetation in two water conservation areas (WCAs) in the Florida Everglades, USA, and developed metrics to define realized hydrologic optima and tolerances. Using vegetation data spatially co-located with long-term hydrological records, we evaluated seven variables describing water depth, hydroperiod length, and number of wet/dry events; each variable was tested for 2-, 4- and 10-year intervals for Julian annual averages and environmentally-defined hydrologic intervals. Maximum …