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Articles 31 - 60 of 69
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
The Effect Of Glutamate On Neurite Outgrowth In Fiddler Crab (Uca Pugilator) X-Organ Cells, Ruth B. Langton
The Effect Of Glutamate On Neurite Outgrowth In Fiddler Crab (Uca Pugilator) X-Organ Cells, Ruth B. Langton
Honors Theses
Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. It is of particular interest because of its supposed role in the processes of learning and memory, and also because of its potential toxic effects that have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Although glutamate is necessary for normal cell functioning, high levels of glutamate receptor activation can result in cell death, a phenomenon known as excitotoxicity. It has been suggested that glutamate also plays an important role in the insect and crustacean nervous systems, allowing for the examination of excitotoxicity in these organisms. …
Movement Patterns And Feeding Behavior Of The Limpet Tectura Testudinalis (Müller) Along The Mid-Maine Coast, Joshua Lord
Movement Patterns And Feeding Behavior Of The Limpet Tectura Testudinalis (Müller) Along The Mid-Maine Coast, Joshua Lord
Honors Theses
Tectura testudinalis is a limpet that lives in the mid-intertidal zone along the coast of Maine and grazes on a variety of encrusting algae. A previous study asserted that T. testudinalis preferred to feed and rest on the encrusting alga Clathromorphum circumscriptum and that this species of limpet displayed homing behavior. However, I show that T. testudinalis does not home or return to any specific substrate while resting. Conclusive evidence was found for nocturnal movement. I show that C. circumscriptum was the preferred food source for this limpet, closely followed by Hildenbrandia rubra, another encrusting alga. Field and lab experiments …
A Watershed Analysis Of Pattee Pond: Implications For Water Quality And Land Use Management, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College
A Watershed Analysis Of Pattee Pond: Implications For Water Quality And Land Use Management, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College
Colby College Watershed Study: Pattee Pond (2008, 1992)
The Colby Environmental Assessment Team (CEAT) investigated the impact of land use patterns on the water quality of Pattee Pond in Winslow, Maine, during the summer and fall of 2008. Physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of water quality were analyzed to evaluate the current health of the lake. Data collected were compared with previous studies conducted by the Maine Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) and CEAT to examine changes in water quality and land use over time. Trends in Pattee Pond water quality suggest an improvement since the 1970s. However, the lake is still experiencing algal blooms resulting from phosphorus …
Microhabitat Selection By The Tortoiseshell Limpet, Tectura Testudinalis (Müller), In Tide Pools On The Mid-Maine Coast, Emily R. Lyczkowski
Microhabitat Selection By The Tortoiseshell Limpet, Tectura Testudinalis (Müller), In Tide Pools On The Mid-Maine Coast, Emily R. Lyczkowski
Honors Theses
Microhabitat selection of the limpet Tectura testudinalis, an important grazer along the rocky Maine coast is examined using both mensurative and manipulative experiments. T. testudinalis substrate selection is essential to its survival in the unpredictable and harsh regime of the intertidal zone. At three sites studied in the Gulf of Maine, T. testudinalis selectively inhabits tidal pools and vertically oriented substrates. Both of these microhabitats reduce the degree of environmental stress (desiccation, extreme temperature, and hypersaline conditions) and predation experienced by individuals. Differences among sites are common, indicating the importance of varying environmental factors in regulating and influencing habitat selection …
Cytotoxicity Of Diepoxybutane And Epichlorohydrin In Relation To Stages Of The Cell Cycle, Megan L. Watts
Cytotoxicity Of Diepoxybutane And Epichlorohydrin In Relation To Stages Of The Cell Cycle, Megan L. Watts
Honors Theses
Work conducted in the Millard Biochemistry Research Laboratory examines the dual nature of molecules as carcinogens and anti-tumor agents through the molecular mechanisms of duplex DNA damage by bifunctional alkylating agents. Diepoxybutane (DEB) and epichlorohydrin (ECH) are polar molecules that form covalent DNA interstrand lesions by cross-linking the N7 position of deoxyguanosine residues. A recent experiment indicated that ECH preferentially targets nuclear DNA over mitochondrial DNA, whereas DEB shows similar rates of lesion formation for both loci. It was concluded that preferential targeting of nuclear DNA results from relatively poor uptake of ECH across the mitochondrial membrane. The objective of …
Influence Of Juvenile Hormone On Territorial And Aggressive Behavior In The Painted Lady (Vanessa Cardui) And Eastern Black Swallowtail (Papilio Polyxenes), Tara Bergin
Honors Theses
Competition is important in environments with limited resources. Males of many insect species are territorial and will defend resources, such as a food source or egg-laying site, against intruders, or even compete to attract a mate. In insects, evidence suggests that juvenile hormone acts as an aggression mediator, much like testosterone in other animal species. In this study I tested this idea using a group of male Painted Lady butterflies, Vanessa cardui, and Eastern Black Swallowtail butterflies, Papilio polyxenes, that were treated prior to metamorphosis with either a high or low dose of methoprene acid (a juvenile hormone mimic). Male-male …
The Movement Of The Gastrop Littorina Littorea In The Intertidal Zone During The Onset Of Winter, Jon Lefcheck
The Movement Of The Gastrop Littorina Littorea In The Intertidal Zone During The Onset Of Winter, Jon Lefcheck
Undergraduate Research Symposium (UGRS)
The movement of the snail Littorina littoreaon the North Atlantic coast is poorly understood. Most research has concentrated on the vertical distribution of the snail, and suggests that it prefers the low intertidal zone where its food source is most plentiful. In the winter, this distribution is reinforced by a documented seaward migration of snails from the high intertidal zone in response to falling temperatures. From October 14, 2006 to January 22, 2007, I examined the individual movements and recovery of snails in response to the onset of winter. I proposed that falling water and air temperatures drive the majority …
A Pollen Chase Experiment; Examining Varying Levels Of Embryonic Inbreeding Depression, Emily Wilson, Judy Stone
A Pollen Chase Experiment; Examining Varying Levels Of Embryonic Inbreeding Depression, Emily Wilson, Judy Stone
Undergraduate Research Symposium (UGRS)
A pollen chase experiment was performed upon three Costa Rican populations of Witheringia solanacea to examine the breakdown of genetically enforced self incompatibility (SI) and the extent of embryonic inbreeding depression. Self-pollen was applied in the bud, with outcross pollen applied one day later, and outcross pollinations at both intervals as a control. A variety of responses were found among the populations. BOHS readily accepted self pollen and suffered from very low inbreeding depression. Monteverde and Las Cruces both have lower fruit set with self-pollination precedence indicating that bud pollinations can overcome the self-incompatibility response and that embryonic death due …
Measuring Ultrasonic Communication Between Mouse Pups And Adult Mother Mice, Katie Ludwig
Measuring Ultrasonic Communication Between Mouse Pups And Adult Mother Mice, Katie Ludwig
Undergraduate Research Symposium (UGRS)
Measuring ultrasonic communication provides us with a way to study parental influence on animals. In this study I measured the ultrasonic communication between mouse pups and two maternal females, one of which who had given birth to the pups and the other had raised them. I found that there was no significant difference between the amount of noise expressed by pups in response to each the biological mother and foster mother test groups. Mouse pups call to maternal females regardless of genetic relatedness. Communication in mice may be a more complicated model because of their communal nature.
Differential Habituation Of Male Betta Splendens To Qualitatively Different Stimuli, Lauren Baard
Differential Habituation Of Male Betta Splendens To Qualitatively Different Stimuli, Lauren Baard
Undergraduate Research Symposium (UGRS)
Habituation is a learning mechanism that functions to decrease the amount of energy and attention focused on a certain stimuli. Male Siamese Fighting Fish, Betta splendens, are territorial animals that defend their territories using a number of aggressive displays. Male Bettas have previously shown the ability to habituate to the presence of a conspecific male when visually exposed to each other. Due to the costly nature of many of the male Betta’s displays, I hypothesized that male Bettas should differentially habituate to qualitatively different stimuli. I presented each of three groups of male Betta splendens with a different stimulus, each …
The Isolation And Characterization Of Multiply Antibiotic Resistant Strains Of Fish Pathogenic Flavobacterium Species, Sarah E. Clark, Jaehee Yun, Justin Guay
The Isolation And Characterization Of Multiply Antibiotic Resistant Strains Of Fish Pathogenic Flavobacterium Species, Sarah E. Clark, Jaehee Yun, Justin Guay
Undergraduate Research Symposium (UGRS)
Since the development of the first antibiotics in the 1940’s, there has been widespread overuse in both clinical and agricultural applications. Antibiotic resistance has become a significant problem as a result of subsequent dissemination of antibiotics into the environment, and multiply-resistant strains of bacteria are now a major pathogenic threat. In this study eight separate strains of Flavobacterium responsible for recent disease outbreaks in fish hatcheries throughout Maine were collected and analyzed. All eight strains were found to be resistant to high levels of a number of different antibiotics, including those used for aquaculture as well as human chemotherapeutic applications. …
Climate Change And Its Effects On Polar Bears, Alex C. Jospe, Bethany C. Peck, Emily Sinnott
Climate Change And Its Effects On Polar Bears, Alex C. Jospe, Bethany C. Peck, Emily Sinnott
Undergraduate Research Symposium (UGRS)
Polar bears are key indicators of the effects of climate change on the arctic ecosystem, because their existence is directly related to the sea ice habitat, where they hunt. As the Arctic continues to warm, their habitat will be reduced further and local extinction is likely to occur, especially in southern populations.
Variation In Beach Profile And Sediment Characteristics At Popham Beach, Phippsburg, Me, Kathryn Lidington
Variation In Beach Profile And Sediment Characteristics At Popham Beach, Phippsburg, Me, Kathryn Lidington
Undergraduate Research Symposium (UGRS)
No abstract provided.
The Impact Of Land Use Patterns And Watershed Characteristics On China Lake, Kennebec County, Maine, Rachel N. Carr, Caroline A. Polgar, Jakob B. Moe, F. Russell Cole, David H. Firmage, Kirsten L. Ness
The Impact Of Land Use Patterns And Watershed Characteristics On China Lake, Kennebec County, Maine, Rachel N. Carr, Caroline A. Polgar, Jakob B. Moe, F. Russell Cole, David H. Firmage, Kirsten L. Ness
Undergraduate Research Symposium (UGRS)
China Lake is located in Kennebec County, Maine. Since 1983 the lake has suffered from yearly algal blooms as a result of the addition of excess nutrients. The nutrient load was amplified by erosion within the watershed. Erosion varies widely depending on a number of factors, including the slope of the land, the type of soil, and the way the land is being used. Certain land use types have a high potential to add nutrients to the environment, while others may help absorb excess nutrients and prevent erosion and runoff into the lake. A comprehensive examination of the China Lake …
Man-Made Menopause, Madeline Horwitz
Man-Made Menopause, Madeline Horwitz
Undergraduate Research Symposium (UGRS)
In this study I suggest that there are three distinct time periods mark new developments in society’s understanding of menopause, Victorian America in the mid and late nineteenth century, mid-twentieth century America, and contemporary America. This is the case not only in terms of advances in biological science, but also the ways in which the medical establishment has viewed menopause has also changed, and in terms of changes in prevalent gender assumptions. In this paper I hope to expose the ways science, history, and society has medicalized menopause, and the ways in which menopause has been viewed by individual women, …
Resistance Of Forest Community Types To Structural And Compositional Change Following Beech Bark Disease Infestation, Sarah Ann Hoskinson
Resistance Of Forest Community Types To Structural And Compositional Change Following Beech Bark Disease Infestation, Sarah Ann Hoskinson
Honors Theses
Pathogens change forest composition and structure by selectively eliminating susceptible individuals and species. Caused by a complex between an exotic scale insect and fungi, beech bark disease has infected mature American beech (Fagus grandifolia) trees through most of the species range. Before succumbing to the disease, infected trees generate root sprouts, transforming beech from a dominant canopy species into an abundant subcanopy species. Root sprouting can create dense beech thickets that interfere with the regeneration of other species. Exclusion of species from the understory has ecological and economic implications. This study compared forest community types for their resistance to compositional …
A Broad-Spectrum Mer Operon In A Multi-Drug Resistant Strain Of The Fish Pathogen, Aeromonas Salmonicida, Erin Parry
A Broad-Spectrum Mer Operon In A Multi-Drug Resistant Strain Of The Fish Pathogen, Aeromonas Salmonicida, Erin Parry
Honors Theses
Aeromonas salmonicida AS03, a potential fish pathogen, was isolated from Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, in 2003. This strain was found to be resistant to ≥1000 mM HgCl2 and ≥32 mM phenylmercuric acetate as well as multiple antimicrobials. Mercury (Hg) and antibiotic resistance genes are often located on the same mobile genetic elements, so the genetic determinants of both resistances and the possibility of horizontal gene transfer were examined. Specific PCR primers were used to amplify and sequence distinctive regions of the mer operon. A. salmonicida AS03 was found to have a pDU1358-like broad-spectrum mer operon, containing merB as well as …
Appendix C. Physical Measurements And Chemical Analyses Of China Lake Water Quality, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College
Appendix C. Physical Measurements And Chemical Analyses Of China Lake Water Quality, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College
Colby College Watershed Study: China Lake (2005, 1989)
No abstract provided.
A Watershed Analysis Of China Lake [Presentation], Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College
A Watershed Analysis Of China Lake [Presentation], Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College
Colby College Watershed Study: China Lake (2005, 1989)
No abstract provided.
Appendix C: General Data, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College
Appendix C: General Data, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College
Colby College Watershed Study: Togus Pond (2004)
No abstract provided.
Fall Data Report, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College
Fall Data Report, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College
Colby College Watershed Study: Togus Pond (2004)
No abstract provided.
Total Phosphorus, Colby College, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College
Total Phosphorus, Colby College, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College
Colby College Watershed Study: Togus Pond (2004)
No abstract provided.
An Assessment Of Water Quality, Colby College, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College
An Assessment Of Water Quality, Colby College, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College
Colby College Watershed Study: Togus Pond (2004)
No abstract provided.
Water Quality Results From Togus Pond, Colby College, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College
Water Quality Results From Togus Pond, Colby College, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College
Colby College Watershed Study: Togus Pond (2004)
No abstract provided.
A Watershed Analysis Of Threemile Pond: Implications For Water Quality And Land Use Management, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College
A Watershed Analysis Of Threemile Pond: Implications For Water Quality And Land Use Management, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College
Colby College Watershed Study: Threemile Pond (2003)
The 2003 Colby Environmental Assessment Team chose to study the Threemile Pond watershed. The Threemile Pond watershed is located in Vassalboro, China., Windsor, and Augusta, Maine. Threemile Pond is a popular site for recreation and is home to a wide range of flora and fauna. Like all other lakes in Maine, it is a young lake. However, intensive human activity in the watershed contributes a substantial amount of nutrients and the lake has algal blooms annually in the summer months. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of land use and development on the water quality of …
Effects Of Melatonin On Hemolymph Glucose And Lactate Concentrations In The Fiddler Crab, Uca Pugilator, Kathryn M. Dalton
Effects Of Melatonin On Hemolymph Glucose And Lactate Concentrations In The Fiddler Crab, Uca Pugilator, Kathryn M. Dalton
Honors Theses
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is an indolamine hormone produced by the pineal gland that works to regulate sleep/wake cycles and activity rhythms. The effects of melatonin in metabolism are far from understood. Melatonin was injected into the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator, to investigate the effects of melatonin on hemolymph glucose and lactate levels. Following injection at t=O, hemolymph samples were collected at t=O.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 5.0 hours. Melatonin caused a decrease in the stress response to injection and also caused delayed hyperglycemia. Melatonin-injected crabs also retained the glucose and lactate rhythymicity when compared to saline-injected crabs. Glucose and lactate rhythms followed …
Shrimp Aquaculture: An Analysis Of Its Evolution And Organization; And The Development Of A Shrimp Growth Model, Adam Rana
Honors Theses
This paper examines the impetus for the development and subsequent rise of the shrimp aquaculture industry and continues by exploring a model that seeks to improve shrimp farmers' harvests by identifying specific variables affecting shrimp growth. Evidence reviewed from 1980 through today suggest that technological advancements, reduced prices, and increases in both the supply and demand for shrimp are positively associated with the industry's rapid ascent. The introduction of vertically integrated shrimp farms along with the ability for shrimp farmers to differentiate their products are also correlated with the industry's growth. Variables affecting shrimp growth were also studied to determine …
Land Use Patterns In Relation To Lake Water Quality In The Great Pond Watershed, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College
Land Use Patterns In Relation To Lake Water Quality In The Great Pond Watershed, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Colby Environmental Assessment Team, Colby College
Colby College Watershed Study: Great Pond (2012, 2010, 1998)
Lakes are natural resources, which have many effects on the land surrounding them, They support adjacent communities by providing water and regulating temperatures, helping to define the surrounding ecosystem, and serving as sources of drinking water as well as recreation. The prolonged presence of human activity in a watershed can disturb the physical and chemical cycles of the lake and its surrounding ecosystems (Henderson-Sellers and Markland 1987). Over time, lakes undergo a process called eutrophication, a natural aging process during which the nutrient levels increase and dissolved oxygen levels decrease (Smith and Smith 1998). As the lake ages or becomes …
Post-Glacial Vegetational History Of The Great Bog, Belgrade, Maine, John Dawson
Post-Glacial Vegetational History Of The Great Bog, Belgrade, Maine, John Dawson
Senior Scholar Papers
A 6-m vibracore taken from the Great Bog in Belgrade, Maine, was sampled for pollen analysis at 10-cm intervals. Samples were processed in the laboratory using standard techniques developed by Faegri and Iversen. The sediment in the sample was reduced to a residue of pollen which was mounted on microscope slides. A minimum of 300 pollen grains was identified and counted at each level using a compound microscope at 400x magnification. Five radiocarbon dates were taken from the core at stratigraphic boundaries. Lastly, pollen concentration and pollen accumulation rates were calculated. The uppermost 3.8 m of the core is fine …
Use Of Microprojectile Bombardment In Transient Expression Assays To Analyze Protochlorophyllide Reductase Gene Expression In Greening Maize Seedling Leaf Cells, Jennifer J. Marden
Use Of Microprojectile Bombardment In Transient Expression Assays To Analyze Protochlorophyllide Reductase Gene Expression In Greening Maize Seedling Leaf Cells, Jennifer J. Marden
Senior Scholar Papers
In young cells of leaf meristems the progenitors of chloroplasts are small organelles known as proplastids, which divide and differentiate into chloroplasts. However, in the absence of light, proplastids undergo a different sequence of development and become etioplasts. When light is supplied to etiolated plants during the "greening" process, etioplasts differentiate into chloroplasts containing chlorophyll. An important light dependent step in chlorophyll biosynthesis is the photoreduction of protochlorophyllide to chlorophyllide by the NADPH:protochlorophyllide reductase (PCR) enzyme. This enzyme is present at high activity only in etiolated tissue and during early stages of light-induced chlorophyll synthesis. The enzyme and its corresponding …