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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Larval Life History And Abundance Of A Rare Salamander, Eurycea Junaluska (Plethodontidae), Travis Ryan
Larval Life History And Abundance Of A Rare Salamander, Eurycea Junaluska (Plethodontidae), Travis Ryan
Travis J. Ryan
The larval life history of Eurycea junaluska was studied in three southwestern North Carolina populations. Populations were sampled quarterly over a 13 mo period and size-class analyses were used to evaluate the pattern of larval growth and metamorphosis. Young of the year appeared in the late spring and experienced rapid growth through the first summer. Growth slowed in the second year and metamorphosis usually occured in the summer at about 25.5 mo post-hatching, although some data suggest that either 1yr or 3yr larval periods may be possible. The overall larval growth rate of E. junaluska is estimated at 1.27 mm/mo, …
Diploid Males And Their Triploid Offspring In The Paper Wasp Polistes Dominulus, Aviva Liebert, Annagiri Sumana, Philip Starks
Diploid Males And Their Triploid Offspring In The Paper Wasp Polistes Dominulus, Aviva Liebert, Annagiri Sumana, Philip Starks
Aviva E Liebert
Although the hymenopteran sex-determining mechanism generally results in haploid males and diploid females, diploid males can be produced via homozygosity at the sex-determining locus. Diploid males have low fitness because they are effectively sterile or produce presumably sterile triploid offspring. Previously, triploid females were observed in three species of North American Polistes paper wasps, and this was interpreted as indirect evidence of diploid males. Here we report what is, to our knowledge, the first direct evidence: four of five early male-producing Polistes dominulus nests from three populations contained diploid males. Because haploid males were also found, however, the adaptive value …
Strand Exchange Protein 1 (Sep1) From Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Does Not Promote Branch Migration In Vitro, Zhaoqing Zhang, Amanda Simons, Vidya Prabhu, Junghuei Chen
Strand Exchange Protein 1 (Sep1) From Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Does Not Promote Branch Migration In Vitro, Zhaoqing Zhang, Amanda Simons, Vidya Prabhu, Junghuei Chen
Amanda Simons
It has been shown in vitro that Saccharomyces cerevisiae strand exchange protein 1 (Sep1) promotes the transfer of one strand of a linear duplex DNA to a homologous single-stranded DNA circle. Sep1 also has an exonuclease active on DNA and RNA. By using exonuclease III-treated linear duplex DNA with various lengths of single-stranded tail as well as Ca2+ to inhibit the exonuclease activity of Sep1, we show that the processivity of exonuclease activity of Sep1 is greater than previously reported. The results in this work also demonstrate that the joint molecule between the linear duplex and single-stranded circle observed from …
Brca1 Dna-Binding Activity Is Stimulated By Bard1, Amanda Simons, Andrew Horwitz, Lea Starita, Karen Griffin, R Williams, J.N. Glover, Jeffrey Parvin
Brca1 Dna-Binding Activity Is Stimulated By Bard1, Amanda Simons, Andrew Horwitz, Lea Starita, Karen Griffin, R Williams, J.N. Glover, Jeffrey Parvin
Amanda Simons
The breast- and ovarian-specific tumor suppressor BRCA1 has been implicated in numerous cellular processes, including transcription, ubiquitination, and DNA repair. Its tumor suppression activity is tightly linked to that of BARD1, a protein that heterodimerizes with BRCA1. It has been previously shown that BRCA1 binds to DNA, an interesting functional observation in light of the genetic data linking BRCA1 to DNA repair pathways. In this work, we reexamine the DNA-binding properties of BRCA1, comparing them with the DNA-binding properties of the BRCA1/BARD1 heterodimer. Because nuclear BRCA1 exists as a heterodimer with BARD1, it is likely that in vitro studies of …
Direct Dna Binding Activity Of The Fanconi Anemia D2 Protein, Woo-Hyun Park, Steven Margossian, Andrew Horwitz, Amanda Simons, Alan D'Andrea, Jeffrey Parvin
Direct Dna Binding Activity Of The Fanconi Anemia D2 Protein, Woo-Hyun Park, Steven Margossian, Andrew Horwitz, Amanda Simons, Alan D'Andrea, Jeffrey Parvin
Amanda Simons
It is known that the Fanconi anemia D2 protein is vital for protecting the genome from DNA damage, but what activities this protein has are unknown. In these experiments we purified full-length Fanconi anemia protein D2 (FANCD2), and we found that FANCD2 bound to DNA with specificity for certain structures: double strand DNA ends and Holliday junctions. Proteins containing patient-derived mutations or artificial variants of the FANCD2 protein were similarly expressed and purified, and each variant bound to the Holliday junction DNA with similar affinity as did the wild-type protein. There was no single discrete domain of FANCD2 protein that …
Simple, Compact Source For Low-Temperature Air Plasmas, D. Sheehan, J. Lawson, M. Sosa, Richard Long
Simple, Compact Source For Low-Temperature Air Plasmas, D. Sheehan, J. Lawson, M. Sosa, Richard Long
Richard A. Long
A simple, compact source of low-temperature, spatially and temporally uniform air plasma using a Telsa induction coil driver is described. The low-power ionization discharge plasma is localized (2 cm X 0.5 cm X 0.1 cm) and essentially free of arc channels. A Teflon coated rolling cylindrical electrode and dielectric coated ground plate are essential to the source’s operation and allow flat test samples to be readily exposed to the plasma. The plasma is a copious source of ozone and nitrogen oxides. Its effects on various microbes are discussed.
A Unified View Of Base Excision Repair, Karen Almeida, Robert Sobol
A Unified View Of Base Excision Repair, Karen Almeida, Robert Sobol
Karen H Almeida
Base excision repair (BER) proteins act upon a significantly broad spectrum of DNA lesions that result from endogenous and exogenous sources. Multiple sub-pathways of BER (short-path or longpatch) and newly designated DNA repair pathways (e.g., SSBR and NIR) that utilize BER proteins complicate any comprehensive understanding of BER and its role in genome maintenance, chemotherapeutic response, neurodegeneration, cancer or aging. Herein, we propose a unified model of BER, comprised of three functional processes: Lesion Recognition/Strand Scission, Gap Tailoring and DNA Synthesis/Ligation, each represented by one or more multiprotein complexes and coordinated via the XRCC1/DNA Ligase III and PARP1 scaffold proteins. …
Interaction Of Fish Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Paralogs (Ahr1 And Ahr2) With The Retinoblastoma Protein, Rebeka Merson, Sibel Karchner, Mark Hahn
Interaction Of Fish Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Paralogs (Ahr1 And Ahr2) With The Retinoblastoma Protein, Rebeka Merson, Sibel Karchner, Mark Hahn
Rebeka Rand Merson
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) mediates the toxic effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-pdioxin (TCDD) and related compounds. In some mammalian cell lines, TCDD induces G1 cell cycle arrest, which depends on an interaction between the AHR and the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (RB). Mammals possess one AHR, whereas fishes possess two or more AHR paralogs that differ in the domains important for AHR-RB interactions in mammals. To test the hypothesis that fish AHR paralogs differ in their ability to interact with RB, we cloned RB cDNA from Atlantic killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus, and studied the interactions of killifish RB protein with killifish AHR1 and …
Sharks Of The Devonian, Andrew Blitman
Laboratory Studies In Animal Diversity, Lee Kats, Cleveland Hickman, Susan Keen
Laboratory Studies In Animal Diversity, Lee Kats, Cleveland Hickman, Susan Keen
Lee Kats
Laboratory Studies in Animal Diversity offers students hands-on experience in learning about the diversity of life. It provides students the opportunity to become acquainted with the principal groups of animals and to recognize the unique anatomical features that characterize each group as well as the patterns that link animal groups to each other.
Peer Review In An Undergraduate Biology Curriculum: Effects On Students’ Scientific Reasoning, Writing And Attitudes, Briana Timmerman
Peer Review In An Undergraduate Biology Curriculum: Effects On Students’ Scientific Reasoning, Writing And Attitudes, Briana Timmerman
Briana Eileen Timmerman
Scientific reasoning and writing skills are ubiquitous processes in science and therefore common goals of science curricula, particularly in higher education. Providing the individualized feedback necessary for the development of these skills is often costly in terms of faculty time, particularly in large science courses common at research universities. Past educational research literature suggests that the use of peer review may accelerate students’ scientific reasoning skills without a concurrent demand on faculty time per student. Peer review contains many elements of effective pedagogy such as peer-peer collaboration, repeated practice at evaluation and critical thinking, formative feedback, multiple contrasting examples, and …
Laboratory Studies In Integrated Principles Of Zoology, Lee Kats, Cleveland Hickman, Susan Keen
Laboratory Studies In Integrated Principles Of Zoology, Lee Kats, Cleveland Hickman, Susan Keen
Lee Kats
The 15th Edition of Laboratory Studies in Integrated Principles of Zoology uses a comprehensive, phylogenetic approach in emphasizing basic biological principles, animal form and function, and evolutionary concepts. This introductory lab manual is ideal for a one- or two-semester course. The new edition expertly combines up-to-date coverage with the clear writing style and dissection guides that have distinguished this manual from edition to edition.
Following Form And Function: A Philosophical Archaeology Of Life Science, Stephen Asma
Following Form And Function: A Philosophical Archaeology Of Life Science, Stephen Asma
Stephen T Asma
No abstract provided.