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Articles 1 - 30 of 460
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
The Effectiveness And Restoration Potential Of Riparian Ecotones For The Management Of Nonpoint Source Pollution, Particularly Nitrate, Siobhan Fennessy
The Effectiveness And Restoration Potential Of Riparian Ecotones For The Management Of Nonpoint Source Pollution, Particularly Nitrate, Siobhan Fennessy
Siobhan Fennessy
The interface found where rivers meet terrestrial systems is an ecotone that has a profound influence on the movement of water and waterborne contaminants. Maintaining or restoring ecotone functions and characteristics such as natural near stream vegetation and channel morphology are important means to safeguard water quality in agricultural landscapes. A riparian buffer zone of 20 to 30 m width can remove up to 100% of incoming nitrate. Denitrification is the major pathway of removal and rates depend on nitrate loadings, carbon availability, and hydrology. Denitrification occurs throughout the year as long as subsurface hydrology is intact, whereas plant uptake …
Modeling To Improve Vegetation-Based Wetland Biological Assessment, Siobhan Fennessy
Modeling To Improve Vegetation-Based Wetland Biological Assessment, Siobhan Fennessy
Siobhan Fennessy
The accurate and precise biological assessment of wetland ecosystems has proven to be a significant challenge to natural resource managers. Biological assemblages in wetland ecosystems are highly variable and this variability can confound inferences of biological condition resulting from biological assessments. Efforts to control for this natural biological variation have led to the development of many different biological assessment indices that are based on classification. Classification-based indices often lack broad applicability and may not adequately control for natural sources of biological variation. Biological variation is often associated with natural environmental gradients that modeling techniques may be able to account for. …
Hydrophytes In The Mid-Atlantic Region: Ecology, Communities, Assessment, And Diversity, Siobhan Fennessy
Hydrophytes In The Mid-Atlantic Region: Ecology, Communities, Assessment, And Diversity, Siobhan Fennessy
Siobhan Fennessy
Hydrophytes, or wetland plants, are the most conspicuous and perhaps most colorful element of wetland systems. In the mid-Atlantic region, hydrophytes have been the focus of many studies, resulting in a wealth of information on wetland classification, vegetation stressors, and plant-based assessment tools. For example, exploration of the relationship between hydrophytes and the physical aspects of wetlands has led to a new hydrogeomorphic classification of headwater systems that combines three previously distinct classes. Studies of stressors have shown that plants respond differentially to human-mediated disturbances in the surrounding landscape. Reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea), a native but highly …
Carbon Sequestration In Mediterranean Tidal Wetlands: San Francisco Bay And The Ebro River Delta, Siobhan Fennessy
Carbon Sequestration In Mediterranean Tidal Wetlands: San Francisco Bay And The Ebro River Delta, Siobhan Fennessy
Siobhan Fennessy
Tidal wetlands accumulate soil carbon at relatively rapid rates, in large part because they build soil to counteract increases in sea-level rise. Because of the rapid rates of carbon sequestration, there is growing interest in evaluating carbon dynamics in tidal wetlands around the world; however, few measurements have been completed for mediterranean-type tidal wetlands, which tend to have relatively high levels of soil salinity, likely affecting both plant productivity and decomposition rates. We measured sediment accretion and carbon sequestration rates at tidal wetlands in two mediterranean regions: the San Francisco Bay Estuary (California, USA) and the Ebro River Delta (Catalonia, …
Cold Tolerance Of Photosynthesis As A Determinant Of Tree Species Regeneration Patterns In An Evergreen Temperate Forest, Christopher P. Bickford, Sarah J. Richardson, Karen I. Bonner
Cold Tolerance Of Photosynthesis As A Determinant Of Tree Species Regeneration Patterns In An Evergreen Temperate Forest, Christopher P. Bickford, Sarah J. Richardson, Karen I. Bonner
Christopher P Bickford
Niche partitioning of light among seedling species is a key mechanism supporting coexistence in forests. Species sort along light gradients through direct responses to light and through indirect responses mediated by other environmental factors. Canopy gaps in temperate evergreen rainforests experience sub-zero temperatures and thus gap-dependent species are vulnerable to cold photoinhibition from exposure to high light at low temperatures. We used a shadehouse experiment to test two hypotheses: (1) that gap-dependent species are resistant to cold photoinhibition; and (2) that gap-dependence observed in the field may be driven by the interaction between high light and low temperatures. Specifically, we …
Assessing The Use Of Non-Lethal Tail Clips For Measuring Stable Isotopes Of Plethodontid Salamanders, Joseph Milanovich, John Maerz
Assessing The Use Of Non-Lethal Tail Clips For Measuring Stable Isotopes Of Plethodontid Salamanders, Joseph Milanovich, John Maerz
Joseph Milanovich
Stable isotopes are increasingly used in ecology to study the diets, trophic position, and migratory patterns of wildlife including herpetofauna. When using stable isotopes, it is important to consider which tissues can or should be sampled, and how selecting tissues may affect the inferences drawn from stable isotope data. Amphibians offer fewer tissues than other larger organisms that can be harvested in sufficient quantity without killing the animal; however, many salamanders have tails that readily autotomize and regenerate. We used three species of plethodontid salamander (Plethodon cinereus, P. metcalfi, and Desmognathus quadramaculatus) to determine whether distal tail tissue had carbon …
Lead-Phase And Red-Stripe Color Morphs Of Red-Backed Salamanders (Plethodon Cinereus) Differ In Hematological Stress Indices: A Consequence Of Differential Predation Pressure?, Andrew Davis, Joseph Milanovich
Lead-Phase And Red-Stripe Color Morphs Of Red-Backed Salamanders (Plethodon Cinereus) Differ In Hematological Stress Indices: A Consequence Of Differential Predation Pressure?, Andrew Davis, Joseph Milanovich
Joseph Milanovich
Throughout the animal kingdom there are species that have two or more phenotypic forms or ‘morphs’, and many of these are amphibians. In North America, the red-backed salamander Plethodon cinereus can have either a red dorsal stripe or no dorsal stripe (lead-phase form), and evidence to date indicates the lead-phase form incurs a greater number of attacks from predators. In a recent collection of 51 P. cinereus, blood smears of both color morphs (35 red-stripe, 16 lead-phase) were examined to obtain numbers of circulating leukocytes (via light microscopy), which can be used to indirectly estimate levels of stress hormones in …
Projected Loss Of A Salamander Diversity Hotspot As A Consequence Of Projected Global Climate Change, Joseph Milanovich, William Peterman, Nathan Nibbelink, John Maerz
Projected Loss Of A Salamander Diversity Hotspot As A Consequence Of Projected Global Climate Change, Joseph Milanovich, William Peterman, Nathan Nibbelink, John Maerz
Joseph Milanovich
Significant shifts in climate are considered a threat to plants and animals with significant physiological limitations and limited dispersal abilities. The southern Appalachian Mountains are a global hotspot for plethodontid salamander diversity. Plethodontids are lungless ectotherms, so their ecology is strongly governed by temperature and precipitation. Many plethodontid species in southern Appalachia exist in high elevation habitats that may be at or near their thermal maxima, and may also have limited dispersal abilities across warmer valley bottoms.
National Park Service Nonnative Plant Control In The Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, Jacob Halpin, Laurie Eberhardt, Laura Thompson
National Park Service Nonnative Plant Control In The Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, Jacob Halpin, Laurie Eberhardt, Laura Thompson
Laurie Eberhardt
Invasive plants have become a growing threat to plant diversity and hydrology in the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore. Invasive plants compete with native plants for nutrients and sunlight, and certain invasive species have been known to completely take over certain areas of wetlands, nearly destroying entire ecosystems. The Dunes Lakeshore contains over 1,400 plants species and is one of the top ten most diverse national parks in the United States. The mission statement of the National Park Service is to “preserve for the educational, inspirational, and recreational use of the public certain portions of the Indiana Dunes.” In order …
Comparative Phyloclimatic Analysis And Evolution Of Ecological Niches In The Scimitar Babblers (Aves: Timaliidae: Pomatorhinus), Arpad Nyari, Sushma Reddy
Comparative Phyloclimatic Analysis And Evolution Of Ecological Niches In The Scimitar Babblers (Aves: Timaliidae: Pomatorhinus), Arpad Nyari, Sushma Reddy
Sushma Reddy
We present the first extensive and integrative analysis of niche evolution based on climatic variables and a dated molecular phylogeny of a heterogeneous avian group of Southeast Asian scimitar babblers of the genus Pomatorhinus. The four main clades of scimitar babblers have species that co-occur in similar areas across southern Asia but some have diverged at different timeframes, with the most recently evolved clade harboring the highest number of species. Ecological niche models and analysis of contributing variables within a phylogenetic framework indicate instances of convergent evolution of members of different clades onto similar ecological parameter space, as well …
But What Is It That You Actually Do? (What It's Really Like Working In The Lab), Michael Reagan
But What Is It That You Actually Do? (What It's Really Like Working In The Lab), Michael Reagan
Michael S. Reagan
No abstract provided.
A New Species Of Boubou (Malaconotidae: Laniarius) From The Albertine Rift, Gary Voelker, Robert Outlaw, Sushma Reddy, Michael Tobler, John Bates, Shannon Hackett, Charles Kahindo, Ben Marks, Julian Kerbis Peterhans, Thomas Gnoske
A New Species Of Boubou (Malaconotidae: Laniarius) From The Albertine Rift, Gary Voelker, Robert Outlaw, Sushma Reddy, Michael Tobler, John Bates, Shannon Hackett, Charles Kahindo, Ben Marks, Julian Kerbis Peterhans, Thomas Gnoske
Sushma Reddy
We describe Laniarius willardi, a new species of boubou shrike (Malaconotidae) from the Albertine Rift of Africa. The most conspicuous, distinguishing morphological feature of the species is a gray to blue-gray iris. This and external morphometric data indicate that L. willardi is diagnosable from other black or sooty boubous. Further, L. willardi is genetically diagnosable, and its closest relative is the Mountain Sooty Boubou (L. poensis camerunensis) from Cameroon. The Crimson-breasted Bush-shrike (L. atrococcineus) and the Lowland Sooty Boubou (L. leucorhynchus) are together the sister clade to L. willardi—L.p. camerunensis. Laniarius willardi and the geographically codistributed L. p. holomelas differ …
Unveiling The Impact Of Human Influence On Species Distributions In Vietnam: A Case Study Using Babblers (Aves: Timaliidae), Laurel Yohe, Johnathan Flanders, Hoang Minh Duc, Long Vu, Sushma Reddy
Unveiling The Impact Of Human Influence On Species Distributions In Vietnam: A Case Study Using Babblers (Aves: Timaliidae), Laurel Yohe, Johnathan Flanders, Hoang Minh Duc, Long Vu, Sushma Reddy
Sushma Reddy
As developing countries give priority to economic growth, the effects of development threaten natural habitats and species distributions. Over the course of two decades, Vietnam has rapidly developed, especially in the expansion of agricultural production. However, no study has quantitatively measured the effects of recent human impact on the effects of past species distributions in Vietnam. We use locality data collected from multiple natural history collections, including several in Vietnam, to infer past species distributions. We assess habitat availability of five common babbler species (Aves: Timaliidae) using distribution models with data prior to rapid development that followed political reform. Overlaying …
An Annotated Bibliography Of References To Historical Distributions Of Pronghorn In Southern And Baja California, David Brown, Jorge Cancino, Kevin Clark, Myrna Smith, Jim Yoakum
An Annotated Bibliography Of References To Historical Distributions Of Pronghorn In Southern And Baja California, David Brown, Jorge Cancino, Kevin Clark, Myrna Smith, Jim Yoakum
David C. Brown
Recent pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) translocations to southern California and the establishment of captive populations of endangered desert pronghorn have revived interest in the historical occurrence of pronghorn in the Californias. Adding to this interest is the recent widespread replacement of coastal sage scrub vegetation in southern California by annual grasslands more favorable to pronghorn. We have searched the scientific and popular literature, as well as museum collections, to locate pronghorn antelope occurrences from below San Francisco Bay southward through the Baja California peninsula. Our results show that pronghorn were widely distributed, and often abundant, on nearly all of the plains …
Invasion By Exotic Earthworms Alters Litter- And Soil-Dwelling Oribatid Mites, Jordan Burke, John Maerz, Joseph Milanovich, Melanie Fisk, Kamal Gandhi
Invasion By Exotic Earthworms Alters Litter- And Soil-Dwelling Oribatid Mites, Jordan Burke, John Maerz, Joseph Milanovich, Melanie Fisk, Kamal Gandhi
Joseph Milanovich
Exotic earthworms are drivers of biotic communities in invaded North American forest stands. Here we used ecologically important oribatid mite (Arachnida: Acari) communities, as model organisms to study the responses of litter- and soil-dwelling microarthropod communities to exotic earthworm invasion in a northern temperate forest. Litter- and soil-dwelling mites were sampled in 2008–2009 from forest areas: (1) with no earthworms; (2) those with epigeic and endogeic species, including Lumbricus rubellus Hoffmeister; and (3) those with epigeic, endogeic, and anecic earthworms including L. terrestris L. Species richness and diversity of litter- and soil-dwelling (0–2 cm soil depth) oribatid mites was 1–2 …
Macronuclear Genome Sequence Of The Ciliate Tetrahymena Thermophila, A Model Eukaryote, Jonathan Eisen, Robert Coyne, Martin Wu, Dongying Wu, Mathangi Thiagarajan, Jennifer Wortman, Jonathan Badger, Qinghu Ren, Paolo Amedeo, Kristie Jones, Luke Tallon, Arthur Delcher, Steven Salzberg, Joana Silva, Brian Haas, William Majoros, Maryam Farzad, Jane Carlton, Roger Smith, Jyoti Garg, Ronald Pearlman, Kathleen Karrer, Lei Sun, Gerard Manning, Nels Elde, Aaron Turkewitz, David Asai, David Wilkes, Yufeng Wang, Hong Cai, Kathleen Collins, B. Stewart, Suzanne Lee, Katarzyna Wilamowska, Zasha Weinberg, Walter Ruzzo, Dorota Wloga, Jacek Gaertig, Joseph Frankel, Che-Chia Tsao, Martin Gorovsky, Patrick Keeling, Ross Waller, Nicola Patron, J. Cherry, Nicholas Stover, Cynthia Krieger, Christina Del Toro, Hilary Ryder, Sondra Williamson, Rebecca Barbeau, Eileen Hamilton, Eduardo Orias
Macronuclear Genome Sequence Of The Ciliate Tetrahymena Thermophila, A Model Eukaryote, Jonathan Eisen, Robert Coyne, Martin Wu, Dongying Wu, Mathangi Thiagarajan, Jennifer Wortman, Jonathan Badger, Qinghu Ren, Paolo Amedeo, Kristie Jones, Luke Tallon, Arthur Delcher, Steven Salzberg, Joana Silva, Brian Haas, William Majoros, Maryam Farzad, Jane Carlton, Roger Smith, Jyoti Garg, Ronald Pearlman, Kathleen Karrer, Lei Sun, Gerard Manning, Nels Elde, Aaron Turkewitz, David Asai, David Wilkes, Yufeng Wang, Hong Cai, Kathleen Collins, B. Stewart, Suzanne Lee, Katarzyna Wilamowska, Zasha Weinberg, Walter Ruzzo, Dorota Wloga, Jacek Gaertig, Joseph Frankel, Che-Chia Tsao, Martin Gorovsky, Patrick Keeling, Ross Waller, Nicola Patron, J. Cherry, Nicholas Stover, Cynthia Krieger, Christina Del Toro, Hilary Ryder, Sondra Williamson, Rebecca Barbeau, Eileen Hamilton, Eduardo Orias
Jonathan A. Eisen Ph.D.
The ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila is a model organism for molecular and cellular biology. Like other ciliates, this species has separate germline and soma functions that are embodied by distinct nuclei within a single cell. The germline-like micronucleus (MIC) has its genome held in reserve for sexual reproduction. The soma-like macronucleus (MAC), which possesses a genome processed from that of the MIC, is the center of gene expression and does not directly contribute DNA to sexual progeny. We report here the shotgun sequencing, assembly, and analysis of the MAC genome of T. thermophila, which is approximately 104 Mb in length and …
Do Species Distribution Models Predict Species Richness In Urban And Natural Green Space? A Case Study Using Amphibians, Joseph Milanovich, William Peterman, Kyle Barrett, Matthew Hopton
Do Species Distribution Models Predict Species Richness In Urban And Natural Green Space? A Case Study Using Amphibians, Joseph Milanovich, William Peterman, Kyle Barrett, Matthew Hopton
Joseph Milanovich
No abstract provided.
Effect Of Sugars On Artemisinin Production In Artemisia Annua L.: Transcription And Metabolite Measurements, Patrick Arsenault, Daniel Vail, Kristin Wobbe, Pamela Weathers
Effect Of Sugars On Artemisinin Production In Artemisia Annua L.: Transcription And Metabolite Measurements, Patrick Arsenault, Daniel Vail, Kristin Wobbe, Pamela Weathers
Kristin K. Wobbe
The biosynthesis of the valuable sesquiterpene anti-malarial, artemisinin, is known to respond to exogenous sugar concentrations. Here young Artemisia annua L. seedlings (strain YU) were used to measure the transcripts of six key genes in artemisinin biosynthesis in response to growth on sucrose, glucose, or fructose. The measured genes are: from the cytosolic arm of terpene biosynthesis, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR), farnesyl disphosphate (FPS); from the plastid arm of terpene biosynthesis, 1-deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS), 1-deoxyxylulouse 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR); from the dedicated artemisinin pathway amorpha-4,11-diene synthase (ADS), and the P450, CYP71AV1 (CYP). Changes in intracellular concentrations of artemisinin (AN) and its precursors, …
Diet Of Western Slimy Salamander, Plethodon Albagula (Caudata: Plethodontidae), From Two Mountain Ranges In Arkansas, Joseph Milanovich, Stanley Trauth, Tanja Mckay
Diet Of Western Slimy Salamander, Plethodon Albagula (Caudata: Plethodontidae), From Two Mountain Ranges In Arkansas, Joseph Milanovich, Stanley Trauth, Tanja Mckay
Joseph Milanovich
We identified stomach contents of 80 Plethodon albagula (Western Slimy Salamander) from two mountain ranges in Arkansas (Ozark and Ouachita) to examine if regional differences in diet occur. Museum specimens from 1985 to 2005 were used from locations throughout each mountain range. Although a wide variety of prey were found in stomachs, Hymenoptera: Formicidae and Coleoptera: Carabidae were found to be the most important food items in the diet of P. albagula. Ants and beetles constituted 85% abundance of their total diet (79.6% Ozark and 90.1% Ouachita) and 52.2% of their total biomass (42.6% Ozark and 64.1% Ouachita). Seventy-eight and …
Urspelerpes Brucei, Carlos Campbell, Trip Lamb, Joseph Milanovich
Urspelerpes Brucei, Carlos Campbell, Trip Lamb, Joseph Milanovich
Joseph Milanovich
No abstract provided.
Forecasting Climate Change Impacts On The Distribution Of Wetland Habitat In The Midwestern United States, Heath Garris, Randall Mitchell, Lauchlan Fraser, Linda Barrett
Forecasting Climate Change Impacts On The Distribution Of Wetland Habitat In The Midwestern United States, Heath Garris, Randall Mitchell, Lauchlan Fraser, Linda Barrett
Randall J. Mitchell
Shifting precipitation patterns brought on by climate change threaten to alter the future distribution of wetlands. We developed a set of models to understand the role climate plays in determining wetland formation on a landscape scale and to forecast changes in wetland distribution for the Midwestern United States. These models combined 35 climate variables with 21 geographic and anthropogenic factors thought to encapsulate other major drivers of wetland distribution for the Midwest. All models successfully recreated a majority of the variation in current wetland area within the Midwest, and showed that wetland area was significantly associated with climate, even when …
Reef Fish Assemblages And Fisheries In Parque Nacional Del Este, Dominican Republic, Emily Schmitt Lavin, Mark Chiappone, Kathleen Sullivan-Sealey, F. Geraldes, E. Pugibet, Robert Sluka, R. Torres, M. Vega, Y. Rodriguez, J. Alarcon, Y. Lictensztain, G. Bustamante
Reef Fish Assemblages And Fisheries In Parque Nacional Del Este, Dominican Republic, Emily Schmitt Lavin, Mark Chiappone, Kathleen Sullivan-Sealey, F. Geraldes, E. Pugibet, Robert Sluka, R. Torres, M. Vega, Y. Rodriguez, J. Alarcon, Y. Lictensztain, G. Bustamante
Emily F Schmitt Lavin
Parque National del Este is the second largest protected area in the Dominican Republic, comprising 110 km2 of terrestrial habitats located in the southeastern Dominican Republic. Established in 1975, the park delineation did not include the adjacent marine area, despite its long history of commercial fisheries. Since 1994, several U.S. and Dominican partner organizations have conducted scientific investigations of the marine resources of the area. This paper provides data on the status of snapper and groupers reef assemblages and finfish fisheriescollected during 1995 1997. Methods used in the study included: 1) visual transects (20 m x 5 m) of predatory …
Service Learning In Science Education: A Valuable And Useful Endeavor For Biology Majors, Emily Schmitt Lavin, Kaitlin Donovan
Service Learning In Science Education: A Valuable And Useful Endeavor For Biology Majors, Emily Schmitt Lavin, Kaitlin Donovan
Emily F Schmitt Lavin
All college students can benefit from becoming more engaged in their local community. This is especially true for biology majors who can play an active role in enhancing science education opportunities for students in the local K-12 school system. One such service-learning (SL) opportunity is presented where Nova Southeastern University college students work together with local schools by engaging young students in the excitement of hands-on science learning. This type of SL activity is beneficial to all those involved. College students gain valuable public speaking experience while learning how to explain potentially complex scientific concepts in a fun and engaging …
Evaluating The Use Of Roving Diver And Transect Surveys To Assess The Coral Reef Fish Assemblage Off Southeastern Hispaniola, Emily Schmitt Lavin, Robert Sluka, Kathleen Sullivan-Sealey
Evaluating The Use Of Roving Diver And Transect Surveys To Assess The Coral Reef Fish Assemblage Off Southeastern Hispaniola, Emily Schmitt Lavin, Robert Sluka, Kathleen Sullivan-Sealey
Emily F Schmitt Lavin
The relatively little-studied fish fauna off southeastern Hispaniola was rapidly assessed using a combination of visual survey techniques including transects and roving diver surveys. It was found that when combined, both methods provided a more complete overall species assessment than either method was able to provide in isolation. Being able to conduct rapid species assessments is becoming increasingly more important as a conservation tool. Data on species composition, sighting frequency, and abundance of all fishes were collected using both methods. Abundance was recorded in four logarithmic-based categories (roving diver method) while the number of fishes were counted within 40-m2 transects …
Analysis Of A Volunteer Method For Collecting Fish Presence And Abundance Data In The Florida Keys, Emily Schmitt Lavin, Kathleen Sullivan-Sealey
Analysis Of A Volunteer Method For Collecting Fish Presence And Abundance Data In The Florida Keys, Emily Schmitt Lavin, Kathleen Sullivan-Sealey
Emily F Schmitt Lavin
A roving diver fish survey method that requires relatively little time and equipment was developed for use by trained volunteer divers to regularly, rapidly, and inexpensively document patterns of reef fish distribution and abundance, In this method, a diver searches a dive site and records all observed fish species and their abundance in log10 categories, Results from 130 h of observation were analyzed from three regional surveys conducted in the Florida Keys at a total of 27 reefs by four observers during the summer of 1994. The Upper Keys had the most species (166) followed by the Lower Keys (151) …
The Grilled Cheese Principle. Personal Belief Essay As Part Of A Public Dialog About Belief, Emily Schmitt Lavin
The Grilled Cheese Principle. Personal Belief Essay As Part Of A Public Dialog About Belief, Emily Schmitt Lavin
Emily F Schmitt Lavin
No abstract provided.
Comparison Of Grouper Assemblages In Northern Areas Of The Wider Caribbean: A Preliminary Assessment, Emily Schmitt Lavin, Robert Sluka, Kathleen Sullivan-Sealey
Comparison Of Grouper Assemblages In Northern Areas Of The Wider Caribbean: A Preliminary Assessment, Emily Schmitt Lavin, Robert Sluka, Kathleen Sullivan-Sealey
Emily F Schmitt Lavin
Groupers (Pisces: Serranidae) are important top-level predators in wider Caribbean, but have experienced significant exploitation, resulting in declines in abundance, size, spawning aggregations, and changes in species composition. Larger groupers are particularly vulnerable to intense fishing because of their longevity, slow growth, delayed reproduction, and aggregate spawning. Marine fishery reserves (MFR), areas permanently closed to consumptive use, offer a viable means to protect grouper resources. This study reports on fishery-independent surveys of groupers in four regions of the tropical western Atlantic during 1995 - 1997: Florida Keys, central Bahamas, southeastern Cuba, and Dominican Republic. The regions surveyed included two national …
Breaking Through The Spiral Ceiling: An American Woman Becomes A Dna Scientist By Laura L. Mays Hoopes, Emily Schmitt Lavin, Laura Mays
Breaking Through The Spiral Ceiling: An American Woman Becomes A Dna Scientist By Laura L. Mays Hoopes, Emily Schmitt Lavin, Laura Mays
Emily F Schmitt Lavin
No abstract provided.
Density, Species, And Size Distribution Of Groupers (Serranidae) In Three Habitats At Elbow Reef, Florida Keys, Robert Sluka, Mark Chiappone, Kathleen Sullivan-Sealey, Thomas Potts, Jose Levy, Emily Schmitt Lavin, Geoff Meester
Density, Species, And Size Distribution Of Groupers (Serranidae) In Three Habitats At Elbow Reef, Florida Keys, Robert Sluka, Mark Chiappone, Kathleen Sullivan-Sealey, Thomas Potts, Jose Levy, Emily Schmitt Lavin, Geoff Meester
Emily F Schmitt Lavin
We examined the density, size and species distribution of groupers in three habitats on an inshore-to-offshore transect across Elbow Reef, Florida Keys: high-relief spur-and-groove (4–9 m depth), relict spur-and-groove (10–20 m), and deep fore reef slope (21–30 m). Physical relief was greatest in the high-relief spur-and-groove (up to 3 m), lowest in the relict spur-and-groove habitat (<0.5–1 m), and intermediate in the deep fore reef slope habitat (1–1.5 m). Benthic coverage in the three habitats was dominated by algae (>30%). There were significant differences in the density, size, and species distribution of groupers among the three habitats. Graysby, Epinephelus cruentatus, was numerically dominant, constituting 82–91% of individual observed. Black grouper, Mycteroperca bonaci, and Nassau grouper, E. striatus, were more abundant in high …
Ontogenetic Scaling Of Metabolism, Growth, And Assimilation: Testing Metabolic Scaling Theory With Manduca Sexta Larvae., Andrew Kerkhoff, Harry Itagaki
Ontogenetic Scaling Of Metabolism, Growth, And Assimilation: Testing Metabolic Scaling Theory With Manduca Sexta Larvae., Andrew Kerkhoff, Harry Itagaki
Harry Itagaki
Metabolism, growth, and the assimilation of energy and materials are essential processes that are intricately related and depend heavily on animal size. However, models that relate the ontogenetic scaling of energy assimilation and metabolism to growth rely on assumptions that have yet to be rigorously tested. Based on detailed daily measurements of metabolism, growth, and assimilation in tobacco hornworms, Manduca sexta, we provide a first experimental test of the core assumptions of a metabolic scaling model of ontogenetic growth. Metabolic scaling parameters changed over development, in violation of the model assumptions. At the same time, the scaling of growth rate …