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Animal Sciences

2008

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Articles 901 - 920 of 920

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Vitamin A Restriction During Finishing Benefits Beef Retail Color Display Life (2008), M.J. Daniel, A.M. Arnett, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2008

Vitamin A Restriction During Finishing Benefits Beef Retail Color Display Life (2008), M.J. Daniel, A.M. Arnett, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Because the beef industry commonly uses marbling as an indicator of meat palatability, determining the most cost effective methods of increasing quality grade in cattle is a high priority. Previous research showed that weaning calves at around 90 instead of 200 days of age can be beneficial in reducing cow production costs and increasing marbling in feedlot steers. Other studies demonstrated that high levels of vitamin A inhibit development of intramuscular fat. Vitamin A restriction is used commonly in Japanese cattle to increase marbling scores; this stimulated interest in applying this restriction in U.S. beef production systems. However, little research …


Behavior Of Beef Cows Grazing Topographically Rugged Native Range Is Influenced By Mineral Delivery System (2008), N.A. Sproul, J.W. Bolte, D.R. Linden, R.A. Kreikemeier, L.A. Pacheco, M.D. Thomas, James J. Higgins, K. C. Olson, James S. Drouillard, John R. Jaeger Jan 2008

Behavior Of Beef Cows Grazing Topographically Rugged Native Range Is Influenced By Mineral Delivery System (2008), N.A. Sproul, J.W. Bolte, D.R. Linden, R.A. Kreikemeier, L.A. Pacheco, M.D. Thomas, James J. Higgins, K. C. Olson, James S. Drouillard, John R. Jaeger

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Poor grazing distribution is a major problem on rangelands of the western United States. Grazing animals tend to congregate in areas near water, shade, and level terrain. These areas typically become overgrazed, while less preferred areas of pasture remain undergrazed. Solutions to localized overgrazing include cross-fencing and water development; however, most land managers are unwilling to bear the expense associated with these strategies. Most types of supplements, including mineral supplements, have potential to lure cattle into under-utilized areas of range and pasture. Cows spend up to 40% of their time within 650 yards of self-fed supplements, but relationships between terrain …


Heifers Sired By Bulls With Low Residual Feed Intake Estimated Breeding Values Have Lower Residual Feed Intake Than Heifers Sired By Bulls With High Residual Feed Intake Estimated Breeding Values (2008), J. Minick Bormann, Daniel W. Moser, T.T. Marston Jan 2008

Heifers Sired By Bulls With Low Residual Feed Intake Estimated Breeding Values Have Lower Residual Feed Intake Than Heifers Sired By Bulls With High Residual Feed Intake Estimated Breeding Values (2008), J. Minick Bormann, Daniel W. Moser, T.T. Marston

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feed is one of the largest costs in a cow/calf or feedlot operation. However, very little data is available to aid producers in genetically improving their herd for feed efficiency. In Australia, bull tests record individual feed intakes, which are used to calculate Estimated Breeding Values (EBV) (analogous to EPD) for residual feed intake (RFI). Residual feed intake measures the degree to which feed intake deviates from expected levels based on the animal size and rate of gain. Negative values are good; they indicate the animal ate less than expected for its size and growth rate. Our objective was to …


Costs Of Adopting Radio Frequency Identification Reader Systems And Tagging Services In Livestock Auction Markets (2008), K. Bolte, Kevin C. Dhuyvetter, Ted C. Schroeder Jan 2008

Costs Of Adopting Radio Frequency Identification Reader Systems And Tagging Services In Livestock Auction Markets (2008), K. Bolte, Kevin C. Dhuyvetter, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Livestock industry initiatives such as the National Animal Identification System (NAIS), marketing alliances, and production verification programs are leading to increased use of electronic animal identification systems. Livestock markets are one place where animal movement and identification information can be recorded easily. Auction market facilities can differentiate themselves by offering electronic individual animal identification and tracking services to customers. However, facility modifications, installation, and operating equipment needed to record electronic animal identification information at the speed of commerce involves costs. The more animals that the radio frequency identification (RFID) reading technology would be used on, the lower the cost of …


Distiller’S Grain Market Price Relationships, Discovery, And Risk Management (2008), T.W. Van Winkle, Ted C. Schroeder Jan 2008

Distiller’S Grain Market Price Relationships, Discovery, And Risk Management (2008), T.W. Van Winkle, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The substantial increase in corn use by the ethanol refinery industry (Figure 1) has resulted in livestock producers, especially cattle feeders, substituting distiller's grain (DG) for corn in feed rations. DG futures markets do not exist, but actively traded corn and soybean meal (SBM) futures are the most probable markets for hedging DG price risk. Therefore, the ability to offset DG price risk using corn and SBM futures is incorporated into analysis to quantify the strength of price relationships. If DG prices and corn or SBM futures prices are strongly related, then a viable cross hedging opportunity might exist. If …


Restricted Feeding Improves Performance Of Growing Steers During Subsequent Grazing On Native Flint Hills Pasture (2008), C.O. Anglin, M.P. Epp, R.D. Derstein, B.B. Barnhardt, Dale A. Blasi, K. C. Olson, Christopher D. Reinhardt Jan 2008

Restricted Feeding Improves Performance Of Growing Steers During Subsequent Grazing On Native Flint Hills Pasture (2008), C.O. Anglin, M.P. Epp, R.D. Derstein, B.B. Barnhardt, Dale A. Blasi, K. C. Olson, Christopher D. Reinhardt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Beef stocker operators are margin-operators, and rising feed costs force them to consider alternative feeding strategies to reduce production costs. Limit-feeding is a management technique that has positive implications for cost control. In this experiment, we restricted dry matter intake to determine if steers could compensate for a period of dietary restriction during intensive early grazing. This study illustrated that limit-feeding could reduce feed costs for stocker and background operators.


Crude Glycerin In Steam-Flaked Corn-Based Diets For Beef Cattle (2008), G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, James S. Drouillard Jan 2008

Crude Glycerin In Steam-Flaked Corn-Based Diets For Beef Cattle (2008), G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Plant oils contain large amounts of triglycerides that will react to a catalyst, such as methanol. The transesterification reaction between the oil and alcohol will produce approximately 10% crude glycerin and 90% biodiesel. Crude glycerin is distilled for use in human products such as soaps, cosmetics, and moisturizers, but the usefulness of glycerin as a feed source for livestock is unclear. Rapid expansion of the biodiesel industry has created excess supplies of crude glycerin. It is thought that glycerin can be used in ruminant diets to decrease feed costs, but crude glycerin from biodiesel production can contain various levels of …


Substituting Steam-Flaked Corn With Distiller’S Grains Alters Ruminal Fermentation And Diet Digestibility (2008), S. Uwituze, G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard Jan 2008

Substituting Steam-Flaked Corn With Distiller’S Grains Alters Ruminal Fermentation And Diet Digestibility (2008), S. Uwituze, G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Rapid expansion of fuel ethanol production in the High Plains, where feedlots commonly use steam-flaked corn diets, has popularized substituting dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) for a portion of the steam- flaked corn. Most of the starch in corn is removed during ethanol production. The residual material is rich in fiber, ruminal undegradable protein, and fat. Adding roughage to high-concentrate finishing diets helps maintain ruminal function by stimulating salivation, rumination, and gut motility. The source and level of roughage can influence dry matter intake. Our objective was to examine ruminal fermentation characteristics and diet digestibility when steam-flaked corn-based finishing …


Evaluation Of Dried Distiller’S Grains And Roughage Source In Steam-Flaked Corn-Based Finishing Diets (2008), S. Uwituze, G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard Jan 2008

Evaluation Of Dried Distiller’S Grains And Roughage Source In Steam-Flaked Corn-Based Finishing Diets (2008), S. Uwituze, G.L. Parsons, M.K. Shelor, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) are the main byproduct of dry milling, the process used most frequently for fuel ethanol production. DDGS consist of the spent grains following ethanol distillation and are high in protein, fat, fiber, and minerals. Alfalfa hay and corn silage are roughages most commonly included in feedlot diets and are one of the most expensive ingredients in feedlot diets on an energy basis. Comparing use of alfalfa hay and corn silage in conjunction with DDGS can provide useful information on how to obtain maximum benefit from these ingredients. Our objective was to evaluate the use …


Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles In Steam-Flaked Or Dry-Rolled Corn Diets With Reduced Roughage Levels (2008), M.L. May, M.L. Hands, M.J. Quinn, J.O. Wallace, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Brandon E. Depenbusch, Christopher D. Reinhardt, James S. Drouillard Jan 2008

Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles In Steam-Flaked Or Dry-Rolled Corn Diets With Reduced Roughage Levels (2008), M.L. May, M.L. Hands, M.J. Quinn, J.O. Wallace, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Brandon E. Depenbusch, Christopher D. Reinhardt, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Distiller's grains have been used extensively in the U.S. Corn Belt, where producers commonly feed dry-rolled or highmoisture corn. Fuel ethanol production is expanding into the High Plains, where most feedlots flake grain. Compared with dry- rolled corn, steam-flaked corn usually increases or has no change in average daily gain, yields lower dry matter intake and results in 12 to 16% improvement in efficiency. Previous research at Kansas State University and elsewhere suggests that the value of distiller's grains is different in flaked grain diets than in dry-rolled diets. We think this might be due to lower rumen pH when …


Dried Distiller’S Grains In Steam-Flaked Corn Finishing Diets With Decreased Roughage Levels (2008), M.L. May, M.J. Quinn, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard Jan 2008

Dried Distiller’S Grains In Steam-Flaked Corn Finishing Diets With Decreased Roughage Levels (2008), M.L. May, M.J. Quinn, K.K. Karges, M.L. Gibson, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Distiller's grains are the primary coproduct derived from fuel ethanol production. As the fuel ethanol industry expands into the High Plains, distiller's grains are becoming increasingly available as an alternative feed for livestock. Optimizing the use of distiller's grains in flaked grain rations is important to maintaining a competitive advantage among feedlot producers in this region. Because distiller's grains are relatively high in fiber, it is conceivable that the level of roughages in feedlot diets could be reduced when distiller's grains are fed to cattle. Roughages normally have low energy density; therefore, the cost per unit of energy from roughages …


Determining Optimum Flake Density For Feedlot Heifers (2008), M.L. May, M.J. Quinn, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard Jan 2008

Determining Optimum Flake Density For Feedlot Heifers (2008), M.L. May, M.J. Quinn, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Escalating costs of natural gas and electrical utilities have greatly increased the cost of flaking grain for feedlots. Energy demand for flaking is inversely related to bulk density of flaked grain; the lighter, more highly processed flakes typically require longer steaming times and greater roll pressures, which ultimately decreases mill. Corn is most commonly flaked to a density of about 28 lb/bushel, and published research results indicate that levels less than 28 lb/bushel afford no further advantage with respect to animal performance. Little information is available concerning the relative feed value of grains flaked to heavier bulk densities. Flaking grains …


Effect Of Zilpaterol-Hcl (Zilmax) On Implanted And Non-Implanted Feedlot Steer Performance And Carcass Characteristics (2008), T.J. Baxa, J.P. Hutcheson, M.F. Miller, W.T. Nichols, M.N. Streeter, D.A. Yates, B.J. Johnson Jan 2008

Effect Of Zilpaterol-Hcl (Zilmax) On Implanted And Non-Implanted Feedlot Steer Performance And Carcass Characteristics (2008), T.J. Baxa, J.P. Hutcheson, M.F. Miller, W.T. Nichols, M.N. Streeter, D.A. Yates, B.J. Johnson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Zilpaterol-HCl (Zilmax) is a β2-adrenergic receptor agonist approved as a growth promotant in feedlot cattle for use during the last 20 to 40 days prior to harvest. It is orally active and improves performance and total body lean tissue. The recommended dosage is 7.6 grams per ton of feed on a 100% dry matter basis. Steroidal implants are used in feedlot animals to improve average daily gain, feed efficiency, and total lean tissue deposition. Little is known about how Zilmax and steroidal implants influence growth performance when used in combination. Our objective was to evaluate performance of steers administered Zilmax …


Determinación De La Curva De Crecimiento Predestete En Terneros De Las Razas Criollas Colombianas Romosinuano Y Costeño Con Cuernos En Un Hato Del Departamento De Córdoba, Christian Macareno Lopez Jan 2008

Determinación De La Curva De Crecimiento Predestete En Terneros De Las Razas Criollas Colombianas Romosinuano Y Costeño Con Cuernos En Un Hato Del Departamento De Córdoba, Christian Macareno Lopez

Zootecnia

Para determinar la curva de crecimiento predestete en terneros de las razas Costeño con Cuernos (CCC) y Romosinuano (Romo), se analizaron 104 crías CCC y 101 crías Romo, nacidos en el año 2005, pertenecientes al banco de germoplasma del Centro de Investigación (C.I.) Turipaná, de CORPOICA, localizado en el municipio de Cereté, departamento de Córdoba. Las crías fueron monitoreadas desde el nacimiento hasta el destete (8 meses de edad), se registraron datos de peso al nacer (PN), pesos al destete (PD), y algunos pesos intermedios, asimismo, medidas bovinométricas como altura al sacro (AS). En la raza CCC se encontró un …


The Ixodes Scapularis Salivary Protein, Salp15, Prevents The Association Of Hiv-1 Gp120 And Cd4, Juan Anguita, I.J. Juncadella, R. Garg, E.R. Olivera Dec 2007

The Ixodes Scapularis Salivary Protein, Salp15, Prevents The Association Of Hiv-1 Gp120 And Cd4, Juan Anguita, I.J. Juncadella, R. Garg, E.R. Olivera

Juan Anguita

No abstract provided.


Pioneering Lobster Aquaculture In Rhode Island, Michael Rice Dec 2007

Pioneering Lobster Aquaculture In Rhode Island, Michael Rice

Michael A Rice

No abstract provided.


Gene Expression Reveals Unique Skeletal Patterning In The Limb Of The Direct-Developing Frog, Eleutherodactylus Coqui, Ryan Kerney, James Hanken Dec 2007

Gene Expression Reveals Unique Skeletal Patterning In The Limb Of The Direct-Developing Frog, Eleutherodactylus Coqui, Ryan Kerney, James Hanken

Ryan Kerney

The growing field of skeletal developmental biology provides new molecular markers for the cellular pre- cursors of cartilage and bone. These markers enable resolution of early features of skeletal development that are otherwise undetectable through conventional staining tech- niques. This study investigates mRNA distributions of skeletal regulators runx2 and sox9 along with the cartilage-dominant collagen 2a1 (col2a1) in embryonic limbs of the direct- developing anuran, Eleutherodactylus coqui. To date, distri- butions of these genes in the limb have only been examined in studies of the two primary amniote models, mouse and chicken. In E. coqui, expression of transcription factors runx2 …


A Participatory And Coordinated Fishing Industry Solution To The Rezoning Of The Moreton Bay Marine Park: Part 2: Final Submission, Daryl Mcphee, Colin Buxton, Ian Knuckley, Tor Hundloe, S Stone, K Williams Dec 2007

A Participatory And Coordinated Fishing Industry Solution To The Rezoning Of The Moreton Bay Marine Park: Part 2: Final Submission, Daryl Mcphee, Colin Buxton, Ian Knuckley, Tor Hundloe, S Stone, K Williams

Daryl McPhee

No abstract provided.


Conformational Rearrangement Within The Soluble Domains Of The Cd4 Receptor Is Ligand Specific, Juan Anguita, I.J. Juncadella, R. Garg, C.D. Boone, J.K. Krueger Dec 2007

Conformational Rearrangement Within The Soluble Domains Of The Cd4 Receptor Is Ligand Specific, Juan Anguita, I.J. Juncadella, R. Garg, C.D. Boone, J.K. Krueger

Juan Anguita

No abstract provided.


Coal Country Beeworks: An Experiment In Apiforestation, Tammy Horn Dec 2007

Coal Country Beeworks: An Experiment In Apiforestation, Tammy Horn

Tammy Horn

The Coal Country Beeworks promotes a fundamental principle: diverse economies depend on diverse landscapes. In order for the colonial status of Appalachia to change, the unique mesophytic forests that existed prior to mining need to be reestablished so local people can be beekeepers, honey producers, queen rearers,scientists, etc. In this way,the two-tier economy that has defined Appalachia for the past hundred years can be diversified.