Religion Law Commons^™

Is It Unconstitutional To Prohibit Faith-Based Schools From Becoming Charter Schools?, Stephen D. Sugarman

Stephen D Sugarman

This article argues that it is unconstitutional for state charter school programs to preclude faith-based schools from obtaining charters. First, the “school choice” movement of the past 50 years is described, situating charter schools in that movement. The current state of play of school choice is documented and the roles of charter schools, private schools (primarily faith-based schools), and public school choice options are elaborated. In this setting I argue a) based on the current state of the law it would not be unconstitutional (under the First Amendment’s Establishment Clause) for states to elect to make faith-based schools eligible for …

Same-Sex Marriage And Jewish Law: Time For A New Paradigm?, Doron M. Kalir

Doron M Kalir

In recent years the Supreme Court, as well as important segments of society, has come to accept and even celebrate same-sex relations that in the past, and for some still today, have generated contempt, hostility, and violence. This change in law and culture poses a unique challenge for those who are moved by the plight of gay people yet concomitantly feel bound by their religious convictions and therefore prevented from providing religious legitimacy to people who yearn to be part of their community. Professor Kalir meets this challenge by proposing that the Torah (and Jewish law), read in context, accepts …

Looking For Bedrock: Accounting For Human Rights In Classical Liberalism, Modern Secularism, And The Christian Tradition, C. Scott Pryor

C. Scott Pryor

Part I of this Article looks to the history of foundations of human rights from late pre-modern times to the late-eighteenth century Founding era in America. The focus of the discussion of this era will be on two dominant strands of rights talk in America, Protestant Christian and Enlightenment. From two views operating side-by-side in the last decades of the eighteenth century, Part II will examine the contemporary ambivalence of many Christians, particularly those identified as Evangelicals, about the contemporary human rights movement. Part III addresses a specifically Christian foundation for human rights that can dispel some of the concerns …

The Power Of The Body: Analyzing The Corporeal Logic Of Law And Social Change In The Arab Spring, Zeina Jallad, Zeina Jallad

Zeina Jallad

The Power of the Body:

Analyzing the Logic of Law and Social Change in the Arab Spring

Abstract:

Under conditions of extreme social and political injustice - when human rights are under the most threat - rational arguments rooted in the language of human rights are often unlikely to spur reform or to ensure government adherence to citizens’ rights. When those entrusted with securing human dignity, rights, and freedoms fail to do so, and when other actors—such as human rights activists, international institutions, and social movements—fail to engage the levers of power to eliminate injustice, then oppressed and even quotidian …

The Necessity Of Economics: The Preferential Option For The Poor, Markets, And Environmental Law, Andrew P. Morriss

Andrew P. Morriss

No abstract provided.

Freedom Of Religion And Balancing Clauses In Discrimination Legislation, Neil J. Foster

Neil J Foster

This paper considers how discrimination laws interact with religious freedom through balancing clauses.

Liberalism And Religion

Steven H. Shiffrin

No abstract provided.

The Pluralistic Foundations Of The Religion Clauses, Steven Shiffrin

Steven H. Shiffrin

Contemporary Supreme Court interpretations suggest that the religion clauses are primarily rooted in the value of equality. The United States Supreme Court has argued that in the absence of discrimination against religion (or the presence of other constitutional values), there is no violation of the Free Exercise Clause when a statute inadvertently burdens religion. Similarly, equality values have played a strong role in the Court's Establishment Clause jurisprudence. Many distinguished commentators have pointed to the equality focus and have argued that it gives insufficient attention to the value of religious liberty. Professor Shiffrin argues that these commentators are right in …

God Bless The Child?: The Use Of Religion As A Factor In Child Custody And Adoption Proceedings, 58 Fordham L. Rev. 383 (1989), Donald L. Beschle

Donald L. Beschle

No abstract provided.

The Conservative As Liberal: The Religion Clauses, Liberal Neutrality, And The Approach Of Justice O'Connor, 62 Notre Dame L. Rev. 151 (1987), Donald L. Beschle

Donald L. Beschle

No abstract provided.

Does A Broad Free Exercise Right Require A Narrow Definition Of Religion, 39 Hastings Const. L.Q. 357 (2012), Donald L. Beschle

Donald L. Beschle

In the 1990 case of Employment Division v. Smith, a sharply divided Supreme Court abandoned the routine application of strict scrutiny when considering Free Exercise Clause claims seeking exemption from generally applicable legal duties or prohibitions. The Court returned to an older view of the Free Exercise Clause as protecting believers only from government acts that were aimed specifically at beliefs, and that grew out of hostility to the religion rather than a desire to further legitimate secular goals. Reaction to Smith was largely negative, and legislative and state court responses followed, seeking to restore strict scrutiny as the appropriate …

Paradigms Lost: The Second Circuit Faces The New Era Of Religion Clause Jurisprudence, 57 Brook. L. Rev. 547 (1991), Donald L. Beschle

Donald L. Beschle

No abstract provided.

Does The Establishment Clause Matter? Non-Establishment Principles In The United States And Canada, 4 U. Pa. J. Const. L. 451 (2002), Donald L. Beschle

Donald L. Beschle

No abstract provided.

Catechism Or Imagination: Is Justice Scalia's Judicial Style Typically Catholic?, 37 Vill. L. Rev. 1329 (1992), Donald L. Beschle

Donald L. Beschle

No abstract provided.

Freedom Of Speech, Press And Assembly, And Freedom Of Religion Under The Illinois Constitution, 21 Loy. U. Chi. L.J. 91 (1989), Michael P. Seng

Michael P. Seng

No abstract provided.

Moral Memorandua From John Yoder: Conversations On Law, Ethics, And The Church Between A Mennonite Theologian And A Hoosier Lawyer, Thomas Shaffer

Thomas L. Shaffer

No abstract provided.

Catholicism, Liberalism And Communitarianism: The Catholic Intellectual Tradition And The Moral Foundations Of Democracy, Gerry Bradley, Kenneth Grasso, Robert Hunt

Gerard V. Bradley

No abstract provided.

Religious Freedom In Australia, Neil J. Foster

Neil J Foster

Christian Realism And Immigration Reform, Victor C. Romero

Victor C. Romero

No abstract provided.

A Meditation On Moncrieffe: On Marijuana, Misdemeanants, And Migration, Victor C. Romero

Victor C. Romero

This essay is a brief meditation on the immigration schizophrenia in our law and legal culture through the lens of the Supreme Court’s latest statement on immigration and crime, Moncrieffe v. Holder. While hailed as a “common sense” decision, Moncrieffe is a rather narrow ruling that does little to change the law regarding aggravated felonies or the ways in which class and citizenship play into the enforcement of minor drug crimes and their deportation consequences. Despite broad agreement on the Court, the Moncrieffe opinion still leaves the discretion to deport minor state drug offenders in the hands of the federal …

Latest Surveys And Polls On Bascule Of Religion And Belief In Both The United Kingdom And Iran, Mohamad Ali Ali Yousefkhani Mr

Mohamad Ali Ali Yousefkhani

Numerous surveys indicate that the proportion of individuals who do not hold religious beliefs is steadily increasing. Religions and beliefs are notoriously difficult to measure, as they are not fixed or innate, and therefore any poll should be primarily treated as an indication of beliefs rather than a concrete measure. However, one of the foremost respected measures of religious attitudes is the annual British Social Attitudes Survey, further details of the latest report may be found on NatCen’s website

Free Exercise For Whom? -- Could The Religious Liberty Principle That Catholics Established In Perez V. Sharp Also Protect Same-Sex Couples' Right To Marry?, Eric Alan Isaacson

Eric Alan Isaacson

Recent discussions about the threat that same-sex couples hypothetically pose to the religious freedom of Americans whose religions traditions frown upon same-sex unions have largely overlooked the possibility that same-sex couples might have their own religious-liberty interest in being able to marry. The General Synod of the United Church of Christ brought the issue to the fore with an April 2014 lawsuit challenging North Carolina laws barring same-sex marriages. Authored by a lawyer who represented the California Council of Churches and other religions organizations as amici curiae in recent marriage-equality litigation, this article argues that although marriage is a secular …

God & Man In The Military: Military Commanders And The First Amendment, James J. Woodruff Ii

James J. Woodruff II

In an attempt to provide clarity in the stormy seas presented at the intersection of church and state we have followed a three-step process to resolve religious liberty issues. A military commander may experience bewilderment when confronted with questions such as when is public prayer allowed or when can a religious artwork be displayed on amilitary installation. This article will review the three-step process to utilize in answering most religious-based First Amendment issues that arise during military operations. It will also provide a new manner of thinking regarding the separation of church and state.

Exploring Critical Issues In Religious Genocide: Case Studies Of Violence In Tibet, Iraq And Gujarat, 40 Case W. Res. J. Int'l L. 163 (2008), Robert Petit, Stuart K. Ford, Neha Jain

Stuart Ford

No abstract provided.

Religious Freedom, Church–State Separation, And The Ministerial Exception, Thomas C. Berg, Kimberlee Wood Colby, Carl H. Esbeck, Richard W. Garnett

Richard W Garnett

No abstract provided.

Religious Liberty: Between Strategy And Telos, Kristine Kalanges

Kristine Kalanges

It has become woefully commonplace to observe that threats to religious freedom are increasing in the United States and globally. In response, scholars, human rights activists, and policymakers are engaging courts, political institutions, and the public square to make the case that religious liberty merits robust protection. Historically, these arguments were crafted primarily in theological and political terms. But as the number of those disclaiming religious affiliation rises and the political climate becomes ever more gridlocked, the search is on for new ways to make religious freedom relevant to state leaders and salable to a diverse public. Thus, during a …

Taking God Seriously: Why Religion Is Essential To The Defense Of Religious Human Rights, Kristine Kalanges

Kristine Kalanges

The immediate challenge is to transform the “difficult choice” between religious liberty as a universal human right and peaceful coexistence of diverse legal political cultures. The development of a world legal tradition is an important component of that transformation. World legal tradition emphasizes the comparative moral and historical bases of law in the subject spheres of study. Its integrative jurisprudence necessitates consideration of the contributions made by religion, politics, and historical circumstance to the evolution of law. While the elements of a world legal tradition are to be found in the intellectual and institutional resources of the Western and Islamic …

Talking Points On Report Of The Special Rapporteur On Freedom Of Religion Or Belief, Kristine Kalanges

Kristine Kalanges

To support the Holy See in its work at the United Nations, the Caritas in Veritate Foundation, in Geneva, Switzerland, and the Center for Catholic Studies at the University of St. Thomas in Minnesota, collaborated in preparing reports on current issues discussed at the United Nations. The Terrence J. Murphy Institute for Catholic Thought, Law, and Public Policy, a joint venture between the Center for Catholic Studies and the School of Law at the University of St. Thomas, supports this collaboration, helps identify experts to draft these reports and, with the authors' permission, makes them available on its website. In …

Challenges To Religious Liberty In The Twenty-First Century, Gerry Bradley

Gerard V. Bradley

Almost everyone today affirms the importance and merit of religious liberty. But religious liberty is being challenged by new questions (for example, use of the niqab or church adoption services for same-sex couples) and new forces (such as globalization and Islamism). Combined, these make the meaning of religious liberty in the twenty-first century uncertain. This collection of essays by ten of the world's leading scholars on religious liberty takes aim at these issues. The book is arranged around five specific challenges to religious liberty today: the state's responsibility to prevent coercion and intimidation of believers by others within the same …

Church-State Relationships In America, Gerry Bradley

Gerard V. Bradley

Although the Supreme Court has stated that the framers of the Constitution erected a wall of separation between church and state, history shows that collective political activity in the United States has been and remains an intensely religious enterprise. Despite seemingly clear agreement on the principle of separation, what that principle entails in controversies involving not only the activities and demands of religious groups but the Court itself has proved contentious. Professor Bradley's book is the most comprehensive analysis of the subject attempted to date. It offers a detailed exploration of the historical meaning of the Establishment Clause of the …