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Reservations And Declarations In The Additional Protocols To The Treaty Of Tlatelolco, Héctor Gros Espiell

Dalhousie Law Journal

1. It is common knowledge that the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America, the Treaty of Tlatelolco, prohibits reservations (Article 27), as does Additional Protocol 2 (Article 4). As for Protocol I, the fact that no mention is made of such a prohibition has been construed as meaning that such reservations are permissible.

The Prosecution Of War Criminals In Canada, W J. Fenrick

Dalhousie Law Journal

A Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals, headed by Mr. Justice Jules Deschenes, was established by the Federal Government on 7 February 1985 to determine whether or not alleged Nazi war criminals were resident in Canada and to recommend legal measures to ensure that such war criminals are brought to justice. The Commission submitted a two part Report to the Governor General in Council on 30 December 1986. Part I has been published, and Part II, concerned with allegations against specific individuals is confidential. The Commission, bearing in mind the concern of the Canadian public about all atrocities related to …

The Tokyo War Crimes Trial, L C. Green

Dalhousie Law Journal

Until comparatively recently (see, eg., The Other Nuremberg by Arnold C. Brackman, 1987) there has been little written in western countries concerning the International Military Tribunal for the Far East - the Tokyo Tribunal - when compared with its "sister" Tribunal at Nuremberg. The compilation of Principles drawn up by the United Nations is known as the Nuremberg Principles regardless of the fact that the same principles were applied in Tokyo. In 1983, to coincide with the first Japanese showing of the film The Tokyo Trial premiered in New York two years later, an International Symposium on the Trial was …

Watkins V. United States Army And The Employment Rights Of Lesbians And Gay Men, Arthur S. Leonard

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

Rights-In-Data Policies Affecting Department Of Defense Acquisition Of Computer Software And Related Products, 9 Computer L.J. 447 (1989), I. Michael Greenberger, Michael S. Kane

UIC John Marshall Journal of Information Technology & Privacy Law

No abstract provided.

Military Social Science Research And The Law, Michael F. Noone Jr.

Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.

The United Nations And The Enforcement Of Peace, Eric Stein

Michigan Journal of International Law

This essay is a revised version of an address given at a symposium held in the fall of 1986 in Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany, in commemoration of the 600th anniversary of the Heidelberg University. By one of the coincidences that haunt human life, the United Nations is again the topic.

American Treaties, International Law: Treaty Interpretation After The Biden Condition, Kenneth S. Gallant

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Third State Remedies In International Law, Jonathan I. Charney

Michigan Journal of International Law

This article explores issues arising from third state enforcement of international law. Support for third state remedies may be found in law, practice, and the literature. It is not, however, definitively stablished. Third state remedies may appear at first glance to serve only the desirable goal of promoting rules of international law, but they may also produce negative side effects. The challenge to the international community is to design an effective third state enforcement regime that minimizes undesirable side effects.

Law And Alternative Security, Burns H. Weston

Michigan Journal of International Law

Rightly or wrongly, nuclear weapons are regarded, in their threat role at least, as effective guardians of national security. Yet nothing is more menacing to the survival of our planet than the credibly communicated threat to use nuclear weapons if and when sufficiently provoked. Ergo, to escape the mind-boggling risks posed by nuclear deterrence, thinking about how to ensure world security without relying upon nuclear weapons, either extensively or at all, is as much a political as it is a moral imperative- in truth, a matter of physical survival. Without an effective alternative to nuclear deterrence, there is no …

Proposals To Establish A Nordic Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone, Bengt Broms

Michigan Journal of International Law

Today, after a long silence, the Nordic States are again investigating the idea of establishing a Nordic nuclear-weapon-free zone. The renewed exchange of views is no doubt partly related to the continuing development of nuclear weapons and partly to the fear that even in circumstances where nuclear weapons would not be used against the Nordic States they present a threat to the region should major war break out. This fear was mentioned by Dr. Urho Kekkonen, the President of the Republic of Finland, in an address he delivered at the Swedish Institute of International Affairs in Stockholm on May 8, …

Interpreting The Withdrawal Clause In Arms Control Treaties, Cindy A. Cohn

Michigan Journal of International Law

This Note argues that although a danger to future arms control may exist, a treaty clause must be susceptible to interpretation and boundaries of use which are in harmony with general international law principles. As Professor Schwelb has stated: "[I]t cannot have been… the intention of the parties to throw the principle of pacta sunt servanda overboard in favor of the anarchic idea of the unfettered right of a sovereign state to free itself unilaterally from a treaty obligation." Although Schwelb admits that the Clause itself is subject to "auto-interpretation" by the states parties to the treaty, he adds that …

The United States, The United Nations, And Micronesia: Questions Of Procedure, Substance, And Faith, Harry G. Prince

Michigan Journal of International Law

This study first considers the procedural requirements for proper termination and concludes that Security Council approval is required. Second, this writing identifies the major issues that should be considered if the proposed termination of the Trusteeship Agreement for Micronesia is subjected to Security Council review. Two basic concerns should be the propriety of the division of the Trust Territory into four separate entities and the legitimacy of the agreements between the new governments and the United States for continuing relations as either commonwealth or freely associated states. The history of and practice under the trusteeship system indicate that the particular …

Politics Across Borders: Nonintervention And Nonforcible Influence Over Domestic Affairs, Lori Fisler Damrosch

Faculty Scholarship

It is time for a fresh look at the norm of nonintervention in domestic affairs, as applied to nonforcible efforts to influence another state's internal politics. The existence of such a norm is widely proclaimed, and it is commonly assumed to be a legal obligation rather than a mere practice of comity or aspirational objective. For governments, scholars and international organs alike, the "rule" against interference in internal politics seems to be an article of faith; but despite the frequency of its incantation in international discourse, how the norm applies to nonforcible conduct is inadequately understood.

This article considers the …

Essay: On Peacekeeping, Michael F. Noone Jr.

Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.

Toxic Waste: Who Pays The Piper - A Private Party's Federal And Texas Rights To Recovery Of Voluntary Cleanup Costs Of Toxic Waste., Barbara Hanson Nellermoe

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

Private Retirement Benefits Earned During Marriage Characterized As Community Property And Do Not Automatically Remain Property Of Surviving Spouse., Darryl J. Silvera

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

$500,000 Cap On Non-Economic Damages For Medical Malpractice Inconsistent With Open Courts Guarantee In Texas Constitution., Kathryn Kase

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

Government Action Does Not Violate Free Exercise Clause Of First Amendment When It Neither Coerces Action Contrary To Religious Beliefs Nor Prohibits Access To Practice Those Beliefs, But Merely Imposes An Incidental Burden On Religious Practice., Joani S. Harrison

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

Fundamental Error When Rule Against Misjoinder Violated By Charging More Than One Non-Property Offense In Same Indictment Resulting In Multiple Convictions., Virginia Coyle

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

A Consumer Update: Recent Developments Under The Texas Deceptive Trade Practices Act., Richard M. Alderman, Melanie P. Rosenthal

St. Mary's Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Merger Doctrine No Defense To Deceptive Trade Practices Suit For Breach Of Express Warranty., Robert Carl Jones

St. Mary's Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Private Cause Of Action For Unfair Insurance Claim Settlement Practices Exists Under Texas Deceptive Trade Practices Act And Insurance Code., Gloria F. Christmas

St. Mary's Law Journal

In Vail v. Texas Farm Bureau Mutual Insurance Company, the Texas Supreme Court held a private cause of action for unfair insurance claim settlement practices exists under the Texas Deceptive Trade Practices Act and Insurance Code (DTPA). The DTPA and Insurance Code have repeatedly been used against the insurance industry in the areas of first and third-party claims, particularly in cases involving sales misrepresentations and post-loss claims misconduct. The goal of DTPA is to provide adequate safeguards to aggrieved consumers and, therefore, a broad interpretation of the act allows the courts to provide consumers a remedy and deter the continuance …

The Relevancy Revolution In Criminal Law: A Practical Tour Through The Texas Rules Of Criminal Evidence., Cathleen C. Herasimchuk

St. Mary's Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Should Your Spouse Be Compensated For Putting You Through School - Texas Says No; Is That Just And Right., Darryl J. Silvera

St. Mary's Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Health Care Quality Improvement Act Of 1986: A Proposal For Interpretation Of Its Protection., Louise M. Joy

St. Mary's Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Judicial Rulemakers Held To Have Produced Federal Sentencing Guidelines Within Permissible Twilight Area In Which Branches Of Government Merge., Janis Hillman

St. Mary's Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Military Contractors Who Comply With Elements Of Government Contractor Defense Are Immune From Products Liability Suits Stemming From Design Defects., Matthew J. Sullivan

St. Mary's Law Journal

In Boyle v. United Technologies Corp., the United States Supreme Court held military contractors who comply with the elements of the government contractor defense are immune from products liability suits stemming from design defects. Lower courts consider the government contractor defense to be a combination of two separate defenses. The first is the well-settled contract specification defense which eliminates liability for contractors who properly follow client supplied specifications. The second defense is the doctrine of shared sovereign immunity shielding the contractor from liability based on public policy concerns.

In Boyle, the Court held defective design of military equipment will not …

Causes Of Action Stemming From Federal Government's Negligence In Implementing Mandatory Regulations Or Statutes Are Not Barred By Discretionary Function Exception Of Federal Tort Claims Act., Irl I. Nathan

St. Mary's Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Foreword., Barbara Bader Aldave

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.