Legal History Commons^™

Judicial Politics: Reigning Supreme?, Ruth Aitken, Hannah Smallwood, Lindsay J. Stirton Ph.D.

Lindsay J Stirton Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

La Voluntad En Los Contratos De Adhesión: Sociología Y Crítica Jurídica, Con Énfasis En El Análisis Económico Del Derecho / The Consent Theory Critique And Standard Form Contracts In Civil Law (With Special Reference To Law And Economics), Andres Palacios Lleras

Andrés Palacios Lleras

El presente artículo tiene como propósito sugerir los elementos básicos para (re)construir una doctrina diferente sobre la interpretación de los contratos de adhesión en Colombia, basada en las ideas de Josserand y en literatura contemporánea sobre análisis económico del derecho. La tesis que se argumenta sugiere que dichos contratos deben interpretarse teniendo en mente tanto las característias cognitivas de los adherentes, como el desequilirio de poder negocial que subyace su relación con los oferentes, y sugiere que las normas potestativas sólo puedan ser cambiadas a favor de la parte adherente.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the connections …

Overview Of The Core Changes In The New Ethiopian Urban Land Leasehold Legislation, Belachew M. Fikre

Belachew M Fikre

Rural land administration has shown a significant improvement, inter alia, due to the implementation of the possession certification process. Whether or not this process of certification would bring the desired goal of 'sustainably conserving and developing natural resources and pass over to the coming generation through the development and implementation of a sustainable rural land use planning' is yet to be seen. This progress in the rural land administration is not matched by the urban land holding system. It is rather perplexing that the total houses in Addis Ababa without title deeds are more than the ones with title deeds. …

Private Rights Or Public Wrongs? The Crime Victims Rights Act Of 2004 In Historical Context, Christopher J. Truxler

Christopher J. Truxler

Historically, crime victims served as policemen, investigators, and private prosecutors, and were regarded as law enforcement’s most dependable catalyst. The Crime Victim’s Rights Act of 2004 grants crime victims eight substantive and procedural rights and breathes new life into the common law idea that crime is both a public wrong and a private injury. The Act has, however, elicited ardent criticism. Opponents contend that the Act is both bad policy and, most likely, unconstitutional. Without commenting on the Act’s policy or constitutionality, this article places the Crime Victims’ Rights Act within a broader historical context where victims’ needs can be …

Innovating Financial Law In The Early Modern Netherlands And Europe: Transfers Of Commercial Paper And Recourse Liability In Legislation And Ius Commune (Sixteenth-Eighteenth Centuries), Dave De Ruysscher

Dave De ruysscher

In this contribution it is demonstrated how in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries Dutch rules concerning negotiable credit instruments (i.e., bills obligatory to bearer and bills of exchange) transformed financial law throughout the European continent. The Antwerp and Amsterdam authorities devised precepts of law on such issues that went against substantial principles of the academic ius commune. In the course of the seventeenth century, the former’s success brought about their insertion into financial legislation of German cities. This phenomenon came along with a new comparative approach of legislators in the whole of Europe, which was typical of that period. During …

Unanswered Questions Of A Minority People In International Law: A Comparative Study Between Southern Cameroons & South Sudan, Bernard Sama Mr

Bernard Sama

The month July of 2011 marked the birth of another nation in the World. The distressful journey of a minority people under the watchful eyes of the international community finally paid off with a new nation called the South Sudan . As I watched the South Sudanese celebrate independence on 9 July 2011, I was filled with joy as though they have finally landed. On a promising note, I read the UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon saying “[t]ogether, we welcome the Republic of South Sudan to the community of nations. Together, we affirm our commitment to helping it meet its …

The Central American Constitutional Identity.- A Study Of The Constitutional Imitation Phenomenon In The Integration Process Of The Region, Lidia P. Castillo Amaya

Lidia P. Castillo Amaya

This paper will present some preliminary conclusions drawn after conducting the first stage of a research project, which intends to study the constitutional characteristics of the Integration Process of Central America (in its diachronic and synchronic dimension) by means of assessing its legal and extralegal formants in order to verify if its structure and modality are a result of a specific historical and cultural context with elements of originality and innovation; or if they are a mere consequence of a strict “constitutional imitation” of foreign external models (EU) shaped by the interests of the dominant economic elite; or if we …

A Theory Of The Perverse Verdict, Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

The concept of a perverse verdict is one that pervades the Criminal justice system of nearly all common law jurisdictions. The English Criminal Justice system is no exception and the concept has become institutionalised as if it were a true occurrence. This paper challenges the idea and argues that it is, technically, a legal non-event given the system of trial by jury. The theory is that besides the jury, no one else is invested with the power and authority to declare a verdict and this position is supported both by legal custom and the mechanism of the criminal justice system. …

Curtains, Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

This is the story of life in all its glory and eternal ramifications. This is the story of us.

I Wept, Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

It is not always what we expect to find in love but sometimes, we look in the worng places. We fail to notice that what we always wanted and sought was always in front of us.

Vanity Of Vanities, Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

All that we see and all that we do are emptied into the eternal abyss of nothingness and vain glory. All the we have and all own us are intertwined in the great deception of man. Vanity of vanities, says the preacher, all is vanity

A Criminal Moment In Time, Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

Criminal law jurisprudence considers the concepts of motive, intent and the forbidden act integral to the justice process. Throughout the common law jurisdictions, this trio overshadows a central theme that is a precursor to all criminal acts – the idea of a social responsibility continuum or cognitive dependency. While motive is dispositional on a wider application, intent is situational and is a product of one’s socio-cultural experience. The forbidden act, though central to the process, constitutes ‘a faithful mirror of thought’ – the consummation of a deliberate and manipulated cognition. The nexus between the three subjects extends beyond the Cartesan …

Jury Deliberations – How Do Reasoning Skills Interplay With Decision-Making?, Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

We may well wonder how the Casey Anthony reached its verdict in spite of what many of us thought was a raft of compelling evidence. In order to understand some of the nuances at play, it is important to understand some of the issues that confront a jury and how the criminal justice system ensures or attempts to ensure a fair outcome in our trial by jury system

Jury Continuum, Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

Bethel G.A Erastus-Obilo

Jury deliberations – how do reasoning skills interplay with decision-making?We may well wonder how the Casey Anthony jury reached its verdict in spite of what many of us thought was a raft of compelling evidence for conviction. In order to understand some of the nuances at play, it is important to understand some of the issues that confront a jury and how the criminal justice system ensures or attempts to ensure a fair outcome in our trial by jury system. At the risk of stating the obvious, one of the most enduring features of our criminal justice system is the …

Rudolf Callmann And The Misappropriation Doctrine In The Common Law Of Unfair Competition, Christopher Wadlow

Christopher Wadlow

Rudolf Callmann (1892-1976) is a central figure for unfair competition lawyers in both the German civil law and the Anglo-American common law traditions. When he emigrated from Germany to America in the 1930s he was already the author of substantial works on trade marks, unfair competition, and cartel law. In the United States he composed the monumental Callmann on Unfair Competition, Trademarks and Monopolies. This article examines his invocation of the 1918 decision of the Supreme Court in International News Service v Associated Press as the basis for a reformulated common law of unfair competition, eschewing a purely tortious conception …

“Health Laws Of Every Description”: John Marshall’S Ruling On A Federal Health Care Law, David B. Kopel, Robert G. Natelson

David B Kopel

If John Marshall, the greatest of Chief Justices, were to hear a challenge to the constitutionality of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, how would he rule? Would the nationalist justice who, according to the New Deal Supreme Court, “described the Federal commerce power with a breadth never yet exceeded,” agree that federal control of health care was within that power?

In the fictional opinion below, Marshall rules on the constitutionality of a bill similar to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.

We constructed this opinion chiefly from direct quotation and paraphrases of Marshall’s own words, …

The Books And The Gavel: Law's Image And The Theory Of American Sublime, Pier Giuseppe Monateri

Pier Giuseppe Monateri

No abstract provided.

Formalismo Y Colaboración En El Proceso Civil: Una Introducción Al Paradigma Del Formalismo-Valorativo, Renzo Cavani

Renzo Cavani

This article presents the main fundaments of "formalismo-valorativo", a new way to think about civil procedural law developed in the south of Brazil. Those fundaments are the concept of form and formalism; the civil procedure as a cultural phenomenon; the relationship between formalism and Constitutional State and the cooperation principle.

O presente artigo apresenta os principais fundamentos do formalismo-valorativo, uma nova forma de pensar o processo civil desenvolvida no sul do Brasil. Aqueles fundamentos são o conceito de forma e formalismo; o processo civil como fenômeno cultural; a relação entre formalismo e Estado Constitucional; e o princípio de cooperação.

El …

El Derecho De Sucesiones Se Debe Atemperar A Los Cambios De La Sociedad Del Siglo Xxi, Edward Ivan Cueva

Edward Ivan Cueva

No abstract provided.

Review Of 'The Judicial House Of Lords 1876-2009' By Louis Blom-Cooper, Brice Dickson And Gavin Drewry, Lindsay J. Stirton Ph.D.

Lindsay J Stirton Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

Collective Choice, Justin Schwartz

Justin Schwartz

This short nontechnical article reviews the Arrow Impossibility Theorem and its implications for rational democratic decisionmaking. In the 1950s, economist Kenneth J. Arrow proved that no method for producing a unique social choice involving at least three choices and three actors could satisfy four seemingly obvious constraints that are practically constitutive of democratic decisionmaking. Any such method must violate such a constraint and risks leading to disturbingly irrational results such and Condorcet cycling. I explain the theorem in plain, nonmathematical language, and discuss the history, range, and prospects of avoiding what seems like a fundamental theoretical challenge to the possibility …

Restitution Of Cultural Properties Trafficked During Colonization: A Human Rights Perspective, Ana Filipa Vrdoljak

Ana Filipa Vrdoljak

On the occasion of the successfully negotiated return of the Uigwe (the Royal Protocols of the Joseon Dynasty), the Oe-kyujanggak Books and other cultural patrimony to Korea from France and to augment UNESCO and the Korean National Commission’s initiative to foster a network for the return of cultural property, this paper shall cover three broad themes. First, there is a brief description of how international law and the international community has conceptualised claims for restitution of cultural objects removed during colonization prior to the late twentieth century. Second, there is an examination of the redefinition of these restitution re quests …

Genocide And Restitution: Ensuring Each Group's Contribution To Humanity, Ana Filipa Vrdoljak

Ana Filipa Vrdoljak

The protection of minorities in modern international law is intimately connected with and fueled the recognition of the crimes of persecution and genocide. Minority protection represented the proactive component of the international efforts to ensure the contribution of certain groups to the cultural heritage of humankind. Prohibition and prosecution of persecution and genocide represented the reactive element of these same efforts. The restitution of cultural property to persecuted groups by the international community was recognition that their ownership and control of these physical manifestations was necessary for the realization of this purpose.

In this paper, I consider the emergence, contraction …

The Rule Of Law In Global Governance: Its Normative Construction, Function And Import, Gianluigi Palombella

Gianluigi Palombella

What does the Rule of law contribute in the frame of global governance? While addressing metamorphoses of law and the multiple legalities in the global context, this paper shows that the rule of law can consistently be extended externally being cherished internally. It takes seriously the concurrence of different legalities in their diverse ‘formats’, and the challenge of the “global administrative law” theoretical and empirical model. At the meta-level of the relations among legalities, the Rule of law has an essential role to play: it affects interactions and interdependence,and can cause content-dependent assessments to develop, without supporting self-closure or monistic …

Правовая Политика Советского Государства В Сфере Регулирования Научной Деятельности: Этапы И Особенности (1917 – 1929 Гг.), Leonid G. Berlyavskiy

Leonid G. Berlyavskiy

The Soviet state legal policy bases in the sphere of the scientific activities regulation have been founded in 1917-1929. In statutory acts the subjects circle of the management boards in research activities has been defined. The legal policy was carried out by attraction of the scientific institutes, separate scientists to performance researches for the purpose of the substantiation, creation and strengthening the State-legal system. It was provided by means of legislative regulating the creation order of the state research institutes and high schools, processes of their interaction and regulation of the scientific activity itself, scientific researches financing out from the …

65-Летие Нюрнбергского Процесса Над Главными Нацистскими Военными Преступниками: Уроки Истории, Leonid G. Berlyavskiy

Leonid G. Berlyavskiy

The article is devoted to the research of the Nazi Law that has been carried out by the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg. The 65 anniversary of its activity is marked now. The basic attention is given to theoretical bases of the charges shown to the main military criminals in the Nuremberg process, totali-tarian system of power, and also the Legal policy of fascist Germany and the basic components of the Nazi Law presented by the main accusers in the process

American Legal Realism: Sound And Fury Signifying Nothing?, Wouter H. De Been

Wouter H. de Been

No abstract provided.

A Triptych Of Regulators: A New Perspective On The Administrative State, Yair Sagy

Yair Sagy

This Article offers a new typology of administrative regulators. Through a comprehensive study of the literature on federal regulation from the late nineteenth century until the present, it exposes, for the first time, three distinct prototypes of regulators that comprise the U.S. administrative state: "The Guardian"—the regulator as a general manager having the public interest in mind; "the Facilitator"—a coordinator of public collaboration and a source of reliable information; and "the Technician"—a skilled practitioner, qualified by certified training or experience. Each one of these types embodies a different concept of public regulation, its social role, characteristic procedures, and enforcement style. …

The European Enforcement Order For Uncontested Claims (Regulation 805/2004): Free Circulation Of Enforceable Titles And Harmonization Of Procedures In The European Judicial Area [In Greek], Nikitas E. Hatzimihail

Nikitas E Hatzimihail

The article is a primer on the EU Regulation 805/2004 establishing a European Enforcement Order for Uncontested Claims. It places the Regulation within the context of EU activity on private international law and procedural matters and describes its basic features

A Modest Proposal: To Deport The Children Of Gay Citizens, & Etc: Immigration Law, The Defense Of Marriage Act And The Children Of Same-Sex Couples, Scott Titshaw

Scott Titshaw

The Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), which defines the terms “marriage” and “spouse” for federal purposes, clearly prevents the recognition of same-sex spouses under U.S. immigration law. Unless judges and immigration officials are careful to limit it as Congress intended, DOMA might also have a tragic unintended effect on some parent-child relationships. The Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) employs terms like “born in wedlock” and “stepparent” to define parent-child relationships for various immigration and citizenship purposes. One could argue, therefore, that DOMA prevents INA recognition of parent-child relationships stemming from a same-sex marriage. These relationships determine whether a person can …