Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, Amerian Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, Amerian Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, the U.S. has …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Dec 2016
Environmental Racism, American Exceptionalism, And Cold War Human Rights, Carmen G. Gonzalez
Carmen G. Gonzalez
Environmental justice scholars and activists coined the terms “environmental racism” to describe the disproportionate concentration of environmental hazards in neighborhoods populated by racial and ethnic minorities. Having exhausted domestic legal remedies (or having concluded that these remedies are unavailable), communities of color in the United States are increasingly turning to international human rights law and institutions to challenge environmental racism.
However, the United States has ratified only a handful of human rights treaties, and has limited the domestic application of these treaties through reservations and declarations that preclude judicial enforcement in the absence of implementing legislation. Indeed, …
When The Customer Is King: Employment Discrimination As Customer Service, Lu-In Wang
Jan 2016
When The Customer Is King: Employment Discrimination As Customer Service, Lu-In Wang
Articles
Employers profit from giving customers opportunities to discriminate against service workers. Employment discrimination law should not, but in many ways does, allow them to get away with it. Employers are driven by self-interest to please customers, whose satisfaction is critical to business success and survival. Pleasing customers often involves cultivating and catering to their discriminatory expectations with respect to customer service — including facilitating customers’ direct discrimination against workers.
Current doctrine allows employers to escape responsibility for customers’ discrimination against workers because it takes an overly narrow view of the employment relationship. The doctrine focuses on the formal lines of …
The Thirteenth Amendment, Disparate Impact, And Empathy Deficits, Darrell A. H. Miller
Jan 2016
The Thirteenth Amendment, Disparate Impact, And Empathy Deficits, Darrell A. H. Miller
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Seen But Not Recognized: Black Caregivers, Childhood Cruelties, And Social Dislocations In An Increasingly Colored America, Reginald Leamon Robinson
Apr 2015
Seen But Not Recognized: Black Caregivers, Childhood Cruelties, And Social Dislocations In An Increasingly Colored America, Reginald Leamon Robinson
West Virginia Law Review
No abstract provided.
Undoing Race? Reconciling Multiracial Identity With Equal Protection, Lauren Sudeall
Oct 2014
Undoing Race? Reconciling Multiracial Identity With Equal Protection, Lauren Sudeall
Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications
The number of multiracial individuals in America, many of whom define their racial identity in different ways, has grown dramatically in recent years and continues to increase. From this demographic shift a movement seeking unique racial status for multiracial individuals has emerged. The multiracial movement is distinguishable from other race-based movements in that it is primarily driven by identity rather than the quest for political, social, or economic equality. It is not clear how equal protection doctrine, which is concerned primarily with state-created racial classifications, will or should accommodate multiracialism. Nor is it clear how to best reconcile the recognition …
Language Disenfranchisement In Juries: A Call For Constitutional Remediation, Jasmine Gonzales Rose
Apr 2014
Language Disenfranchisement In Juries: A Call For Constitutional Remediation, Jasmine Gonzales Rose
Faculty Scholarship
Approximately thirteen million U.S. citizens, mostly Latinos and other people of color, are denied the right to serve on juries due to English language requirements and despite the possibility (and centuries-old tradition) of juror language accommodation. This exclusion results in the underrepresentation of racial minorities on juries and has a detrimental impact on criminal defendants, the perceived legitimacy of the justice system, and citizen participation in democracy. Yet, it has been virtually ignored. This Article examines the constitutionality of juror language requirements, focusing primarily on equal protection and the fair cross section requirement of the Sixth Amendment. Finding the existing …
Brief Of Public Law Scholars As Amici Curiae In Support Of Petitioner, Ernest A. Young
Jan 2014
Brief Of Public Law Scholars As Amici Curiae In Support Of Petitioner, Ernest A. Young
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Realism Of Race In Judicial Decision Making: An Empirical Analysis Of Plaintiffs' Race And Judges' Race, Pat K. Chew, Robert E. Kelley
Jan 2012
The Realism Of Race In Judicial Decision Making: An Empirical Analysis Of Plaintiffs' Race And Judges' Race, Pat K. Chew, Robert E. Kelley
Articles
American society is becoming increasingly diverse. At the same time, the federal judiciary continues to be predominantly White. What difference does this make? This article offers an empirical answer to that question through an extensive study of workplace racial harassment cases. It finds that judges of different races reach different conclusions, with non-African American judges less likely to hold for the plaintiffs. It also finds that plaintiffs of different races fare differently, with African Americans the most likely to lose and Hispanics the most likely to be successful. Finally, countering the formalism model’s tenet that judges are color-blind, the results …
