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Human Rights Law Commons

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International Law

2015

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Articles 241 - 255 of 255

Full-Text Articles in Human Rights Law

Reforming The International Investment Regime: Lessons From International Trade Law, Frank Garcia, Lindita Ciko, Apurv Gaurav Dec 2014

Reforming The International Investment Regime: Lessons From International Trade Law, Frank Garcia, Lindita Ciko, Apurv Gaurav

Frank J. Garcia

International trade law underwent a profound paradigm shift during the 1990’s and into the 21st century as a response to globalization, and to a legitimacy crisis sparked by unresolved structural issues from the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) era and tensions surfacing in GATT case law around ‘trade and’ issues. Investment law today is undergoing a similar legitimacy crisis for similar reasons, particularly with respect to Bilateral Investment Treaties and investor–State arbitration. We argue that investment law is ripe for a similar paradigm shift, away from the dominant view of investment law as a private ordering system to …


Notes From A New Underground: The Intersection Of Russian Orthodoxy, Religious Liberty, Lgbt Rights, And State Authority, John Ehrett Dec 2014

Notes From A New Underground: The Intersection Of Russian Orthodoxy, Religious Liberty, Lgbt Rights, And State Authority, John Ehrett

John Ehrett

Current laws in the Russian Federation impose sanctions against both speech deemed offensive to Russia’s traditional religious groups, and speech considered “propaganda” of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community. This Featured Note offers a contemporary examination of the historical, cultural and political forces underlying these ongoing trends, and offers an interdisciplinary consideration of issues surrounding the intersection of liberty of religious expression with liberty of LGBT expression in Vladimir Putin’s Russia. This is historically contextualized through consideration of the political integration of church and state as a contributing factor toward limitations on these political freedoms. Ultimately, a vision …


Thinking Globally, Policy Locally: A Plan For Decentralized Law Enforcement In Côte D’Ivoire, __ J. Of Int’L Bus. & L. __ (Forthcoming 2015), Hugh Mundy Dec 2014

Thinking Globally, Policy Locally: A Plan For Decentralized Law Enforcement In Côte D’Ivoire, __ J. Of Int’L Bus. & L. __ (Forthcoming 2015), Hugh Mundy

Hugh Mundy

During a 2009 speech in Ghana, President Barack Obama said, “Africa doesn’t need strongmen. It needs strong institutions.” Obama credited Ghana’s “impressive rates of growth” to the country’s “repeated peaceful transfers of power even in the wake of closely contested elections.” Free elections and non-violent power transfers, he said, “may lack the drama of the twentieth century’s liberation struggles” but “will ultimately be more significant.” Last July, the president expressed similar sentiments during a highly anticipated trip to Kenya. Côte d’Ivoire offers a stark example of the instability wrought when an unseated leader refuses to cede power. Once hailed as …


Inciting Genocide With Words, Richard Ashby Wilson Dec 2014

Inciting Genocide With Words, Richard Ashby Wilson

Richard Ashby Wilson

This article calls for a rethinking of the causation element in the prevailing international criminal law on direct and public incitement to commit genocide. After the conviction of Nazi propagandist Julius Streicher at Nuremberg for crimes against humanity, the crime of direct and public incitement to commit genocide was established in the UN Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide in 1948. The first (and thus far, only) convictions for the crime came fifty years later at the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR). The ICTR’s incitement jurisprudence is widely recognized as problematic, but no legal commentator has thus …


The Forgotten Deported: A Declaration On The Rights Of Expelled And Deported Persons, Daniel Kanstroom, Jessica Chicco Dec 2014

The Forgotten Deported: A Declaration On The Rights Of Expelled And Deported Persons, Daniel Kanstroom, Jessica Chicco

Daniel Kanstroom

This article considers a “Declaration on the Rights of Expelled and Deported Persons.”  Drafted by the authors with significant input from a wide array of scholars, activists, judges, and others, this Declaration, re-printed in Appendix A, responds to what has become in recent years a major worldwide phenomenon: The deportation (also known as removal or expulsion) of large numbers of noncitizens.  Our aim, first, is to describe that phenomenon and to illustrate some of its most troubling features.  We then survey existing legal structures and mechanisms that seek to protect some of the rights of the deported, both during and …


Deviance, Aspiration, And The Stories We Tell: Reconciling Mass Atrocity And The Criminal Law, Saira Mohamed Dec 2014

Deviance, Aspiration, And The Stories We Tell: Reconciling Mass Atrocity And The Criminal Law, Saira Mohamed

Saira Mohamed

The historian Raul Hilberg once observed that we would all be happier if we believed the perpetrators of the Holocaust were crazy. But mass atrocity is never so simple. We may search in Germany, Bosnia, the Congo, or Rwanda for the madman or the deviant, but often we will find instead an ordinary person, one who commits a crime at the barrel of a gun or who succumbs to the awful indirect coercion that pervades entire communities in the throes of transformative violence. In the ashes of atrocity, criminal courts have been created, but many scholars have come to think …


Rethinking Corporate Human Rights Accountability, Pammela Quinn Saunders Dec 2014

Rethinking Corporate Human Rights Accountability, Pammela Quinn Saunders

Pammela Quinn

The standard account of corporate human rights accountability assumes that corporate entities, rather than individual corporate officers or employees, are the optimal targets of regulatory litigation. This assumption has led human rights advocates to despair over recent court decisions that make it increasingly difficult to bring suit against corporations for human rights violations. In light of these decisions (and similar barriers to suits against corporate entities in some other jurisdictions around the world), human rights advocates find themselves at a crossroads. Will litigants focus on new legal theories or on bringing their claims in new fora which offer better chances …


Prosecute, Sue, Or Deport? Transnational Accountability In International Law, Chimene I. Keitner Dec 2014

Prosecute, Sue, Or Deport? Transnational Accountability In International Law, Chimene I. Keitner

Chimene I Keitner

No abstract provided.


Migrant Smuggling, Anne T. Gallagher Ao Dec 2014

Migrant Smuggling, Anne T. Gallagher Ao

Anne T Gallagher

Migrant smuggling -the unauthorized movement of individuals across national borders for the financial or other benefit of the smuggler - has emerged as a major issue of concern for States and the international community. This chapter provides a detailed analysis of the specialist legal framework around this issue that developed within the framework of transnational criminal law. It then examines the broader rules that come into play in relation to several migrant smuggling issues of high contemporary significance: interception and rescue at sea (with specific reference to international maritime law) and protection and return of smuggled migrants (with specific reference …


Justice As Legitimacy In The European Court Of Human Rights, Molly K. Land Dec 2014

Justice As Legitimacy In The European Court Of Human Rights, Molly K. Land

Molly K. Land

Using the example of the prisoner voting cases at the European Court of Human Rights, this chapter builds on existing literature regarding the legitimacy of judicial institutions to consider the role of justice with respect to the normative and sociological legitimacy of international human rights courts. The chapter identifies the pursuit of just outcomes as a significant independent influence on the legitimacy of these courts. Doing justice even when it requires expansive lawmaking in order to protect unpopular groups can be an affirmative source of legitimacy for these institutions. Although the legitimacy challenges faced by the European Court of Human …


Of Monsters And Man: Perpetrator Trauma And Mass Atrocity, Saira Mohamed Dec 2014

Of Monsters And Man: Perpetrator Trauma And Mass Atrocity, Saira Mohamed

Saira Mohamed

In popular, scholarly, and legal discourse, psychological trauma is an experience that belongs to victims. While we expect victims of crimes to suffer trauma, we never ask whether perpetrators likewise experience those same crimes as trauma. Indeed, if we consider trauma in the perpetration of a crime at all, it is usually to inquire whether a terrible
experience earlier in life drove a person toward wrongdoing. We are loath to acknowledge that the commission of the crime itself may cause some perpetrators to experience their own psychological injury and scarring.

This Article aims to fill this gap in our understanding …


Human Rights, Environmental Justice, And The North-South Divide, Carmen G. Gonzalez Dec 2014

Human Rights, Environmental Justice, And The North-South Divide, Carmen G. Gonzalez

Carmen G. Gonzalez


From the Ogoni people devastated by oil drilling in Nigeria to the Inuit and other indigenous populations threatened by climate change, communities disparately burdened by environmental degradation are increasingly framing their demands for environmental justice in the language of environmental human rights. However, some scholars have expressed skepticism about the environmental human rights project. First, they remind us that the human rights governance capacity of many states in the global South has been compromised by the neoliberal economic reforms imposed by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank as well as by trade and investment agreements. Second, they question …


Environmental Justice, Human Rights, And The Global South, Carmen G. Gonzalez Dec 2014

Environmental Justice, Human Rights, And The Global South, Carmen G. Gonzalez

Carmen G. Gonzalez

From the Ogoni people devastated by oil drilling in Nigeria to the Inuit and other indigenous populations threatened by climate change, communities disparately burdened by environmental degradation are increasingly framing their demands for environmental justice in the language of environmental human rights. Domestic and international tribunals have concluded that failure to protect the environment violates a variety of human rights (including the rights to life, health, food, water, property, and privacy; the collective rights of indigenous peoples to their ancestral lands and resources; and the right to a healthy environment). Some scholars have questioned the utility of the human rights …


The Role Of Non-Governmental Organizations In Advancing International Criminal Justice, Charles Jalloh Dec 2014

The Role Of Non-Governmental Organizations In Advancing International Criminal Justice, Charles Jalloh

Charles C. Jalloh

This article examines the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in
advancing international criminal justice. I argue that NGOs have had considerable
impact by contributing, among other things, to the global struggle against impunity
through advocacy for the creation of more robust institutional mechanisms to prosecute
those who perpetrate such crimes. This ranges from supporting the processes
that led to the creation of several ad hoc international tribunals for Yugoslavia,
Rwanda and Sierra Leone, all the way through to their support for the establishment
of an independent permanent international penal court based in The Hague.
The crux of my claim is …


Corporate "Human Rights" To Intellectual Property Protection, J. Janewa Osei Tutu Dec 2014

Corporate "Human Rights" To Intellectual Property Protection, J. Janewa Osei Tutu

J. Janewa Osei-Tutu

The global intellectual property system protects the interests of intellectual property owners, sometimes to the detriment of competing interests like public health or access to knowledge. Some scholars have proposed a human rights framework for intellectual property as a way to inject balance into the current system. However, the assertion that human rights will bring balance is often coupled with the assumption that corporations are, by definition, excluded from human rights-based intellectual property claims. Yet, corporations have used, and are likely to continue to use, human rights law to ground their intellectual property claims. Since multinational corporations were a major …