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Constitutional Law

Journal

Due process

Institution
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Articles 121 - 143 of 143

Full-Text Articles in Fourteenth Amendment

Legislation - Requirement Of Definiteness In Statutory Standards, Robert B. Krueger S.Ed. Dec 1954

Legislation - Requirement Of Definiteness In Statutory Standards, Robert B. Krueger S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

While it is universally recognized that definiteness in statutory standards is a condition prerequisite to the application of a statute, there is no agreement among either the courts or the writers as to the theory behind this requirement. However, common elements in each of the two prevalent theories indicate certain factors which may well be decisive on the question of definiteness in any given case. The purpose of this comment is to explore the practical implications of the interplay of these various factors and theories.


Constitutional Law - Due Process - Enforced Collection Of State Use Tax From Nonresident Vendor, John Leddy S.Ed. Nov 1954

Constitutional Law - Due Process - Enforced Collection Of State Use Tax From Nonresident Vendor, John Leddy S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

Appellant is a Delaware corporation engaging in the retail furniture business in Delaware. It has no place of business in Maryland, nor does it solicit orders in that state. It does not accept mail or phone orders from Maryland, nor does it advertise in any Maryland publications. The only contacts which the appellant has with Maryland customers, aside from direct dealings at appellant's retail store, are occasional direct mail advertisements, which it sends to all of its customers wherever located, and deliveries of goods purchased by Maryland customers. These deliveries are either made by commercial carrier or by appellant's own …


Constitutional Law - Due Process - Freedom Of Expression - Motion Picture Censorship, Constantine D. Kasson S.Ed. Feb 1954

Constitutional Law - Due Process - Freedom Of Expression - Motion Picture Censorship, Constantine D. Kasson S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

The New York Court of Appeals upheld the denial of a license to exhibit the French motion picture "La Ronde'' upon the grounds that it was "immoral'' and "would tend to corrupt morals." Censorship of the picture, which dealt with promiscuous sex relations, was held to be a proper exercise of the police power, since its exhibition would present a clear and present danger to the morals of the community, and the words "immoral" and "tend to corrupt morals" were held sufficiently definite for purposes of due process. In another censorship case, the Supreme Court of Ohio affirmed the rejection …


Constitutional Law - Due Process - Coerced Confessions And The Stein Case, Marvin O. Young S.Ed. Jan 1954

Constitutional Law - Due Process - Coerced Confessions And The Stein Case, Marvin O. Young S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

Stein v. People of State of New York, a coerced confession case decided by the Supreme Court last June, at first suggests some rather startling propositions about the effect of a denial of procedural due process. Since Brown v. Mississippi in 1936 it has been well settled that the admission of a coerced confession into evidence in a state criminal proceeding contravenes the due process guaranty of the Fourteenth Amendment. In the confession cases subsequently considered by the Supreme Court it has been consistently held that the admission of an extorted confession vitiates the entire proceeding and renders the …


Constitutional Law - Civil Rights Act - Civil Liability Of State Judicial Officers, John C. Hall S.Ed. Dec 1953

Constitutional Law - Civil Rights Act - Civil Liability Of State Judicial Officers, John C. Hall S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

In 1940 defendant, a state judge, granted an ex parte order transferring plaintiff, then a voluntary inmate of a Massachusetts school for the feeble-minded, to the Department of Defective Delinquents. Released on habeas corpus in 1951, plaintiff brought suit under the Civil Rights Act, claiming a denial of notice and hearing in violation of the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. On appeal, held, a judge is not liable at common law or under the Civil Rights Act for acts done in the exercise of his judicial function. Francis v. Crafts, (1st Cir. 1953) 203 F. (2d) …


Constitutional Law - Public Trial In Criminal Cases, Carl S. Krueger S.Ed. Nov 1953

Constitutional Law - Public Trial In Criminal Cases, Carl S. Krueger S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

The criminal trial has been traditionally open to the public in Anglo-Saxon procedure, as it was in Roman and other civilized societies of an earlier time. The public trial of today, however, has been subjected to considerable criticism on the ground that there is a tendency for criminal trials to degenerate into public spectacles, frequently interrupting the orderly procedure of justice, and not infrequently actually prejudicing the accused. If no useful purpose is served by the presence of the idle public during the deadly serious determination of guilt or innocence, should not the judge, subject to the right of admittance …


Constitutional Law-Corporations-Artificial "Persons" And The Fourteenth Amendment, Robert P. Griffin S.Ed. May 1950

Constitutional Law-Corporations-Artificial "Persons" And The Fourteenth Amendment, Robert P. Griffin S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

That a corporation is a "person" for certain purposes within the meaning of the Fourteenth Amendment, and therefore entitled to invoke its protection, is considered by students of constitutional law to be well settled. For that reason the dissent of Justice Douglas in the recent case of Wheeling Steel Corporation v. Glander demands more than passing recognition. Therein he restates and adds his support to the view of Justice Black that the word "person" as used in the Fourteenth Amendment refers exclusively to human beings and affords no protection whatsoever to corporations against arbitrary state action.


Constitutional Law-Due Process Of Law-Freedom From Unreasonable Search And Seizure-The Admissibility Of Illegally Seized Evidence, Bernard Goldstone S.Ed. Nov 1949

Constitutional Law-Due Process Of Law-Freedom From Unreasonable Search And Seizure-The Admissibility Of Illegally Seized Evidence, Bernard Goldstone S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

Local police officers entered the private office of petitioner, a practising physician, without a warrant and seized his private books and records. As a result of the information thus obtained, petitioner was convicted of conspiracy to perform an abortion. Petitioner claimed that his constitutional rights were invaded contending that due process of law under the Fourteenth Amendment includes freedom from unreasonable search and seizure and prevents the admission of illegally seized evidence, but this was denied by the Supreme Court of Colorado and the conviction was affirmed. On certiorari to the Supreme Court of the United States, held, affirmed, …


Constitutional Law-Due Process-Federal Right To Counsel In Non-Capital Cases In State Courts, J. D. Mcleod Mar 1949

Constitutional Law-Due Process-Federal Right To Counsel In Non-Capital Cases In State Courts, J. D. Mcleod

Michigan Law Review

Petitioner was convicted in Illinois on pleas of guilty to two indictments charging him with a non-capital offense. On writ of error to the Supreme Court of Illinois, petitioner alleged that the trial court had not inquired into his desire or ability to have counsel and that he had been convicted without having had assistance of counsel. His contention that the circumstances alleged constituted a violation of the State and Federal Constitutions was overruled, and the judgments of the lower court affirmed. On certiorari to the United States Supreme Court, held affirmed. The due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment …


Constitutional Law-Due Process-Right Of Prisoner Condemned To Death To Hearing On His Sanity, E. Blythe Stason Jr. Mar 1949

Constitutional Law-Due Process-Right Of Prisoner Condemned To Death To Hearing On His Sanity, E. Blythe Stason Jr.

Michigan Law Review

Petitioner, sentenced to death in California for murder, obtained a judicial stay of execution on the ground that he had become insane since sentence had been passed. Eighteen days later he was certified as sane by the medical superintendent of the state hospital, who made this determination by an ex parte examination without giving petitioner notice or opportunity of hearing. A new date for execution was then set. The applicable statute provided a procedure, enforceable by mandamus, whereby a sentenced prisoner could obtain a hearing on his sanity. The petitioner, without seeking mandamus to compel the warden to act, applied …


Corwin: Liberty Against Government, Michigan Law Review Nov 1948

Corwin: Liberty Against Government, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

A Review of LIBERTY AGAINST GOVERNMENT. By Edward S, Corwin .


Pecuniary Interest Of A Justice Of The Peace In Final Trial Of A Misdemeanor In Kentucky--Violation Of The Due Process Clause Of The Fourteenth Amendment, Frank K. Warnock Jan 1948

Pecuniary Interest Of A Justice Of The Peace In Final Trial Of A Misdemeanor In Kentucky--Violation Of The Due Process Clause Of The Fourteenth Amendment, Frank K. Warnock

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Constitutional Law-Jury Trial-Validity Of The "Blue Ribbon" Jury, Edward S. Tripp S.Ed. Dec 1947

Constitutional Law-Jury Trial-Validity Of The "Blue Ribbon" Jury, Edward S. Tripp S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

Defendants, labor union officers, were indicted for conspiracy and extortion. The state moved for a "blue ribbon" jury. Defendants objected to the "blue ribbon" panel on grounds of denial of due process and equal protection; first, because laborers and women were unlawfully excluded from the panel, and also because "blue ribbon" juries were more inclined to convict than common juries. Defendants later accepted each individual juror. Defendants were convicted and the New York appellate court affirmed. The United States Supreme Court granted certiorari. Held, affirmed. Defendants failed to show any intentional and purposeful exclusion which would be prejudicial to …


Non-Natural Persons And The Guarantee Of "Liberty" Under The Due Process Clause, D. J. Farage Jan 1940

Non-Natural Persons And The Guarantee Of "Liberty" Under The Due Process Clause, D. J. Farage

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Constitutional Law - Validity Of Minimum Wage Legislation Under The Fourteenth Amendment, Jack L. White Jun 1937

Constitutional Law - Validity Of Minimum Wage Legislation Under The Fourteenth Amendment, Jack L. White

Michigan Law Review

A state statute provided that it should be unlawful to employ women at wages not adequate for their maintenance, and established a commission to fix wages according to such a standard after a public hearing and a conference of representatives of employees and employers, and disinterested persons representing the public. The appellee was employed as a chambermaid in the hotel of appellant at less than the minimum wage prescribed, and brought suit to recover the difference between these amounts. The state court gave judgment for the appellee, and on certiorari the Supreme Court held that the statute was valid and …


Constitutional Law - Validity Of Statute Abolishing Breach Of Promise Action, Emma Rae Mann May 1937

Constitutional Law - Validity Of Statute Abolishing Breach Of Promise Action, Emma Rae Mann

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff sued for damages for breach of promise to marry and seduction, after the enactment of a New York statute which abolished such causes of action. The court held for the defendant, basing its recognition of the validity of the statute on the ground that the legislature has plenary power to deal with the subject of marriage. Fearon v. Treanor, 272 N. Y. 268, 5 N. E. (2d) 815 (1936).


Constitutional Law-Conservation Of Waters-Validity Of Statute Limiting Riparian Rights Dec 1935

Constitutional Law-Conservation Of Waters-Validity Of Statute Limiting Riparian Rights

Michigan Law Review

By the common law a riparian owner on a non-navigable stream has a vested right in the continuous natural flow of the stream on or bordering his land. An Oregon statute undertakes to cut down this right; it provides that a riparian owner's vested right to the continuous flow of the stream is limited to such flow as is necessary to preserve to him the beneficial uses to which he is already putting the water. Inasmuch as the right to the full continuous flow as against non-riparian appropriators is really a right to insist upon the availability of the stream …


Constitutional Law - State Police Power - Regulation Of Advertising By Dentist Nov 1935

Constitutional Law - State Police Power - Regulation Of Advertising By Dentist

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff, a practicing dentist, brought an action to enjoin the enforcement of a section of Oregon legislation regulating the practice of dentistry, which defined certain types of advertising and solicitation as unprofessional conduct and, as such, ground for the revocation of a license to practice. The section was upheld by the state supreme court and plaintiff appealed to the United States Supreme Court, alleging that the statute was unconstitutional in that it impaired the obligations of existing contracts and violated the "due process" and "equal protection" clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment. Held, that the statute was a valid exercise …


Natural Law In American Constitutional Theory, Fowler Vincent Harper Nov 1927

Natural Law In American Constitutional Theory, Fowler Vincent Harper

Michigan Law Review

Natural law has had many meanings and diversified interpretations. Whether in the form of jus naturale, the law of nature, the law of reason, lex naturalis, lex aeterna, natural justice, or due process of law; natural law, in the broadest sense, has evolved as the needs of a particular civilization and the endeavors of its legal scholars have directed. It is significant, however, that as a philosophy of law, natural law continues to thrive, although the particular system which one community constructs may be abandoned by succeeding generations. Periods of growth in the law have been frequently accompanied …


Social And Economic Interpretation Of The Fourteenth Amendment, Robert Eugene Cushman May 1922

Social And Economic Interpretation Of The Fourteenth Amendment, Robert Eugene Cushman

Michigan Law Review

For those who love precision and definiteness the question of the application of the Fourteenth Amendment to social and economic problems remains an irritating enigma. The judicial construction of due process of law and the equal protection of the law has from the first discouraged systematic analysis and defied synthesis. More than one writer has emerged from the study of the problem with a neat and compact set of fundamental principles, only to have the Supreme Court discourteously ignore them in its next case. But paradoxical as it may seem, those who long for a wise and forward-looking solution of …


Compulsory Construction Of New Lines Of Railroad, Kenneth F. Burgess May 1922

Compulsory Construction Of New Lines Of Railroad, Kenneth F. Burgess

Michigan Law Review

In the half century of public regulation of railroads in the United States, regulatory legislation has dealt primarily with functions incident to the operation of existing enterprises. The basic concept has been that railroad corporations as common carriers have voluntarily assumed obligations to the public which the public has a right to require to be performed.


Due Process And Punishment, Clarence E. Laylin, Alonzo H. Tuttle Apr 1922

Due Process And Punishment, Clarence E. Laylin, Alonzo H. Tuttle

Michigan Law Review

To threaten such a man with punishment," wrote Sir James .LFitzjames Stephen,' "is like threatening to punish a man for not lifting a weight which he cannot move."


Note And Comment, Edgar N. Durfee, Cyril E. Bailey, Edwin B. Stason, William C. O'Keefe, Clyde Y. Morris Apr 1922

Note And Comment, Edgar N. Durfee, Cyril E. Bailey, Edwin B. Stason, William C. O'Keefe, Clyde Y. Morris

Michigan Law Review

The Basis of Relief from Penalties and Forfeitures - The equitable principle of relief from penalties and forfeitures is so far elementary as almost to defy analysis. Many, perhaps most, of the judicial explanations of the principle have based it upon interpretation or construction, appealing to the doctrine that equity regards intent rather than form. Yet a logical application of this doctrine would lead to results very different from those which have actually been arrived at in the decisions. Thus, a stipulation in a mortgage that the mortgagor waives his equity of redemption can hardly be interpreted as meaning that …