Entertainment, Arts, and Sports Law Commons^™

Martignon And Kiss Catalog: Can Live Performances Be Protected?, Brian Danitz

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Bodil Lindqvist: A Swedish Churchgoer's Violation Of The European Union's Data Protection Directive Should Be A Warning To U.S. Legislators, Flora J. Garcia

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Panel Iii: Indecent Exposure? The Fcc's Recent Enforcement Of Obscenity Laws, William Davenport, Jeffrey Hoeh, C. Edwin Baker, Paul J. Mcgeady

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Patent Fences And Constitutional Fence Posts: Property Barriers To Pharmaceutical Importation, Daniel R. Cahoy

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Who Owns The Internet? Ownership As A Legal Basis For American Control Of The Internet, Markus Muller

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Problems Of Anti-Circumvention Rules In The Dmca & More Heterogeneous Solutions, Yijun Tian

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Who Owns The Internet? Ownership As A Legal Basis For American Control Of The Internet, Markus Muller

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Problems Of Anti-Circumvention Rules In The Dmca & More Heterogeneous Solutions, Yijun Tian

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Knocking Out Knock-Offs: Effectuating The Criminalization Of Trafficking In Counterfeit Goods, Lauren D. Amendolara

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Will Lessig Succeed In Challenging The Ctea, Post-Eldred, Matthew Dean Stratton

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Knocking Out Knock-Offs: Effectuating The Criminalization Of Trafficking In Counterfeit Goods, Lauren D. Amendolara

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Authorship, Ownership , And Control: Balancing The Economicc And Artistic Issues Raised By The Martha Graham Copyright Case, Sharon Connelly

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Will Lessig Succeed In Challenging The Ctea, Post-Eldred, Matthew Dean Stratton

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Patent Fences And Constitutional Fence Posts: Property Barriers To Pharmaceutical Importation, Daniel R. Cahoy

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Authorship, Ownership , And Control: Balancing The Economicc And Artistic Issues Raised By The Martha Graham Copyright Case, Sharon Connelly

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Failure Of The Broadcast Flag: Copyright Protection To Make Hollywood Happy, Lisa M. Ezra

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

Digital online piracy of television programming is a growing problem that has the television industry, production studios, and the Motion Picture Association of America searching for a cure. The FCC's planned cure is the "broadcast flag," which requires manufacturers of television equipment to bear the burden of protecting broadcast programming from pirates. The FCC's scheme not only contains several loopholes allowing pirates to circumvent the flag technology, it also protects only a tiny fraction of digital television content, at the cost of consumers. This note explains the ineffectiveness of the "broadcast flag," and suggests an alternate scheme based around copyright …

The War Against The Illegal Antiquities Trade: Rules Of Engagement For Source Nations, Jason Mcelroy

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

This article addresses the problems of retrieving stolen cultural property in a practical manner. Instead of proposing new legislation or changes in the current cultural property regime, this article argues that countries that are source nations for the growing illegal trade in antiquities should better prepare themselves for their retrieval attempts, which in turn gives them a better chance at retrieving them through civil cases. By focusing on settlements and cases won in the United States, the paper submits guidelines by which source nations can be best equipped to prevail in a United States civil suit of replevin.

Leveling The Ip Playing Field: Conditional Waiver Theory And The Intellectual Property Protection Restoration Act, Jason Karasik

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

In 1999 and 2000, a group of federal court decisions ruled that the Eleventh Amendment precludes Congress from holding states and their institutions liable in damages for infringing federal intellectual property protection laws. These rulings have created a marked imbalance in the American intellectual property system, in which states can fully protect their own intellectual property yet freely infringe on the intellectual property rights of others. Private intellectual property owners argue that this imbalance increasingly threatens the health of the American economy. In response, Congressional reformers enacted the Intellectual Property Protection Restoration Act. The legislation uses a conditional waiver scheme …

Will Mechanicals Break The Digital Machine: Determining A Fair Mechanical Royalty Rate For Permanent Digital Phonographic Downloads, David Kostiner

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

Digital Downloading has become an exciting distribution model that has made large amounts of music available to consumers for a fraction of the price of a compact disc. However, if the mechanical royalty rate paid to composers for the reproduction of their work remains pegged to a fixed number, fluxuations in the retail price of downloads will either reduce or increase the relative value of the payment. To avoid smaller margins, which could dissuade independent labels from making masters available online, or a disproportionately low mechanical rate, the statutory mechanical royalty should be set as a percentage of wholesale receipts, …

As A Matter Of Fact, It's A Question Of Law: A Case For De Novo Review Of Likelihood Of Confusion In Trademark Cases, Richard A. Dilgren Iii

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

A stark circuit split mars the consistency of trademark infringement analyses within U.S. Circuit Courts of Appeal; some circuits review likelihood of confusion as a matter of fact, while others review it as a matter of law. This disparity places appellants at a disadvantage in some circuits and unnecessarily hinders the function of appellate courts by constraining their review of a substantially subjective balancing of facts. This Note concludes that although the individual factors indicating a likelihood of confusion are issues of fact, the ultimate issue of likelihood of confusion should be reviewed as a matter of law, allowing Circuit …

Yours For Keeps: Mgm V. Grokster, 23 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 209 (2005), Max Stul Oppenheimer

UIC John Marshall Journal of Information Technology & Privacy Law

Millions of people download billions of music files over the Internet, using peer-to-peer ("P2P") services such as Grokster, StreamCast, Morpheus, and Kazaa. This practice has been challenged as violative of copyright and, it has been argued, the magnitude of copyright violations facilitated by P2P services justifies banning the services entirely. This argument has been based on the assumption that most transfers over P2P services violate copyright. The starting point for this discussion is the recent decision of the United States Supreme Court to grant the certiorari petition of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios et al. to review the Ninth Circuit decision in MGM …

Why Protect Political Art As Political Speech, David Greene

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

Politics and art make for a volatile combination both socially and jurisprudentially. Although the capacity of artistic expression to relay political ideas was one of the driving forces behind the recognition of strong First Amendment rights for artistic expression, governmental officials tend toward the censorious when art communicates too much and "offends" or causes "controversy." Indeed, when art is "public," that is funded or exhibited by a governmental entity, public officials would often prefer that it contain no message at all. This article reviews the evolution of First Amendment protection for artistic expression, discusses why artistic expression is protected by …

Online Music Piracy: Can American Solutions Be Exported To The People's Republic Of China To Protect American Music?, Jolene Lau Marshall

Washington International Law Journal

Online music piracy is a major problem in the United States and a growing problem in the People's Republic of China ("PRC"). Despite awareness of the roots of the problem, the responses of the American government and recording industry have enjoyed only mixed success. The most effective ways of combating online music piracy have been the legal pursuit of individual copyright infringers and the emergence of fee-based download services. In light of the differences in social background, laws, enforcement structure, and cultural beliefs between the United States and the PRC, simply transplanting American responses to online music piracy to the …

Words Signifying Nothing - The Evolution Of 315(A) In An Age Of Deregulation And Its Effect On Television News Coverage Of Presidential Elections, Colin Vandell

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

Focusing on private networks' television news coverage of presidential campaigns, this Note addresses the enactment and rise of Section 315(a) of the Communications Act of 1934 (the equal time rule) and the fairness doctrine that it officially operated in conjunction with for forty years. The Note then turns to the deregulation trend that abolished the fairness doctrine and took much of the bite out of Section 315(a). The Note concludes by examining the rise of ideology-driven and also of marketdriven political coverage that a laxly-enforced Section 315(a) has allowed.

The Reporter's Privilege: The Necessity Of A Federal Shield Law Thirty Years After Branzburg, Leila Wombacher Knox

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

To date, thirty-one states and the District of Columbia have enacted shield laws that provide varying degrees of protection to reporters, their sources, and their notes. Several federal lawmakers have publicly considered whether a similar federal law would be appropriate. This note examines the roots of the reporter's privilege, surveys selected state shield laws, and considers the impact of the seminal Supreme Court case in the federal realm.

On A Clearplay, You Can See Whatever: Copyright And Tradmark Issues Arising From Unauthorized Film Editing, Gail H. Cline

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

A growing number of companies are offering "E-rated" versions of motion picture VHS tapes and DVDs-that is, versions which have been edited to remove nudity, sexual situations, and offensive or graphic language. These third-party editors do not own the copyrights or trademarks for the motion pictures they edit, nor do they have the permission of the owners. This article explains the processes that the thirdparty editors use to create the edited versions, as well as the copyright and trademark laws that apply, and analyzes the activities of the third-party editing companies actions in light of current copyright and trademark laws.

Black Musical Traditions And Copyright Law: Historical Tensions, Candace G. Hines

Michigan Journal of Race and Law

This Note begins with a discussion of copyright law and then examines Black musical traditions and how they have conflicted with American copyright law through the years. Part I explains the history of American copyright law and its theoretical underpinnings. Part II relates common Black musical traditions in more detail. Part III illustrates how the foundations of Black musical traditions can be found in Negro Spirituals. Part IV outlines the notion of Black music as it evolved in ragtime. Part V describes how copyright undermined the traditions of blues, jazz, and R&B. Part VI explains how rock 'n' roll's prominence …

The Downhill Battle To Copyright Sonic Ideas In Bridgeport Music, Matthew S. Garnett

Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law

This Note argues that the bright-line rule announced in Bridgeport Music should not apply where the disputed digital sample appropriates only the "sonic" ideas of the original work. The main thrust of this argument is that the Sixth Circuit's holding in Bridgeport Music is inapplicable where the disputed copying is a protected exercise of "fair use" reverse engineering; that is, where copying is necessary to appropriate the "sonic" ideas embodied in the sampled work.

Part II of this Note presents a brief history of digital sampling, including its application in the Hip-Hop musical genre. Part III presents a walkthrough of …

Some Catching Up To Do, Kara M. Wolke

Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law

The analysis begins with a discussion of the purposes behind the WPPT and the international recognition of a general sound recording performance right. Part I discusses Congress' partial implementation of the WPPT through the Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998 (DMCA) and the digital performance right. Part II explores the value that recognition of the full public performance right under the WPPT would create for the American music industry. Finally, Part III proposes a solution in the form of an amendment to the Copyright Act and the coordination of national and international performance rights organizations.

Copyright Infringement In The Indian Film Industry, Rachana Desai

Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law

This Note focuses on the largest of these industries: Bollywood, the center of Hindi language cinema. In recent years, nearly eight out of every ten Bollywood scripts have been inspired by one or more Hollywood films. Previously, this widespread problem was not visible to those outside of India. The emergence of the internet and better global communications, however, have made Westerners more aware of the cultural copy situation in India. In 2003, best-selling fiction writer Barbara Taylore-Bradford brought a copyright infringement suit against Sahara Television for allegedly making a television series out of her book "A Woman of Substance." After …