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Articles 1 - 30 of 58
Full-Text Articles in Comparative and Foreign Law
Danning Zhu, How To Improve China’S Approach To Parallel Imports Of Goods Bearing Trademarks, 19 Uic Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 125 (2020), Danning Zhu
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
Parallel import, also known as grey market goods, refers to the act of importing goods to a country and selling in the country without the permission of the domestic owner of IP vested in the imported goods. The importer can obtain profits through the price differences between parallel imported products and domestic products of the same variety. China and the United States have huge differences in parallel import policies, even though both countries have participated in major international IP treaties. The United States requires that parallel imported goods bearing a genuine trademark or trade name registered in the United States …
Nationalizing Trips: An Examination Through Exceptions, 18 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 285 (2019), Evan Tallmadge
Nationalizing Trips: An Examination Through Exceptions, 18 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 285 (2019), Evan Tallmadge
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
What should not be patentable? The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (“TRIPS”) codifies certain categories of subject matter that nations can exclude from patent protection. This Article examines how nations have interpreted these exclusions through an analysis of their national manuals of patent examining procedure and more importantly what explicit exceptions to patentability these countries have listed. The Article proceeds to analyze both the similarities and differences in approaches towards exclusions that attempt to ban the same subject matter from patentability and differences in what countries have chosen to bar from patenting. The Article concludes with an …
From Tragedy To Triumph In The Pursuit Of Looted Art: Altmann, Benningson, Portrait Of Wally, Von Saher And Their Progeny, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 394 (2016), Donald Burris
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
This article is a broad and approachable overview of American law regarding the potential repatriation of Nazi-looted art—an area which the author and his now-retired partner, Randy Schoenberg, helped develop from the ground up starting with the development of the Altmann case, decided by the U.S. Supreme Court in 2004, and continuing on through a number of fascinating looted-art cases of a more recent vintage. Parts of the article read as much like a detective story as a summary of cases and Mr. Burris has been kind enough to share both his approach to these cases and his prognosis for …
The Destruction Of Cultural Heritage: A Crime Against Property Or A Crime Against People?, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 336 (2016), Patty Gerstenblith
The Destruction Of Cultural Heritage: A Crime Against Property Or A Crime Against People?, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 336 (2016), Patty Gerstenblith
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
The destruction of cultural heritage has played a prominent role in the ongoing conflicts in Syria and Iraq and in the recent conflict in Mali. This destruction has displayed the failure of international law to effectively deter these actions. This article reviews existing international law in light of this destruction and the challenges posed by the issues of non-international armed conflict, non-state actors and the military necessity exception. By examining recent developments in applicable international law, the article proposes that customary international law has evolved to interpret existing legal instruments and doctrines concerning cultural heritage in light of the principles …
Where Are We And Where Are We Going: Legal Developments In Cultural Property And Nazi Art Looting, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 435 (2016), Thomas Kline
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
No abstract provided.
Amber Tears And Copyright Fears: The Inadequate Protection Of Cultural Heritage In The United States, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 543 (2016), Ingrida Latoza
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
The United States is comprised of many different cultural communities, each rich with expressions of language and custom. Cultural diversity promotes respect among individuals and harmonizes differences between communities—nationally and globally. Through the preservation of cultural heritage, diversity is maintained. Since World War II, with the exile of many from Lithuania, members of the Lithuanian-American community have strived to maintain the cultural heritage of their beloved homeland. After several decades, a Lithuanian-American cultural identity has developed, creating unique and individual traditions, adding to the cultural heritage of the United States as a whole. Most of the international community has adopted …
Cultural Plunder And Restitution And Human Identity, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 460 (2016), Ori Soltes
Cultural Plunder And Restitution And Human Identity, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 460 (2016), Ori Soltes
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
No abstract provided.
The Examination Effect: A Comparison Of The Outcome Of Patent Examination In The Us, Europe And Australia, 16 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 21 (2016), Andrew Christie, Chris Dent, John Liddicoat
The Examination Effect: A Comparison Of The Outcome Of Patent Examination In The Us, Europe And Australia, 16 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 21 (2016), Andrew Christie, Chris Dent, John Liddicoat
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
The article provides an answer to a question that, rather surprisingly, has not been addressed in the academic literature to date: What is the practical effect of patent examination? It does so by undertaking an empirical analysis of the examination of nearly 500 patent applications, filed in identical form, in three patent offices: the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), the European Patent Office (EPO), and the Australian Patent Office (APO). By comparing the form of claim 1 as granted with claim 1 in the patent application, we can identify whether there is any meaningful difference between the two …
The Protection Of Pioneer Innovations – Lessons Learnt From The Semiconductor Chip Industry And Its Ip Law Framework, 32 J. Marshall J. Info. Tech. & Privacy L. 151 (2016), Thomas Hoeren
UIC John Marshall Journal of Information Technology & Privacy Law
In the second half of the 20th century, semiconductor technology as integrated circuits (IC), commonly known as microchips, became more and more dominating in our lives. Microchips are the control center of simple things like toasters as well as of complex high-tech machines for medical use. Of course, they also define the hearts of each computer. With the invention of semiconductor technology, a whole new economic sector began its rise and soon played a major role in the economies of the large industrial countries like the U.S., Japan and the EC. Especially, it stands out for its innovational power and …
The U.S. And Russian Patent Systems: Recent Amendments And Global Implications For The Protection Of Intellectual Property Rights, 14 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 504 (2015), Elena Beier, Anne Wright Fiero
The U.S. And Russian Patent Systems: Recent Amendments And Global Implications For The Protection Of Intellectual Property Rights, 14 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 504 (2015), Elena Beier, Anne Wright Fiero
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
Recent legislative and geo-political activity might suggest little common ground between the United States and Russia. The respective intellectual property laws of these two countries, however, share many common goals. In fact, as reflected in the Report of the Innovation Working Group of the Russia-US Bilateral Presidential Commission (initiated by the Ministry of Economic development of the Russian Federation and U.S. Department of State), the two countries are trending towards cooperative intellectual property legislation. This article compares U.S. and Russian patent laws, with a particular emphasis on recent amendments in the areas of inventorship, prior art, and technology transfers. It …
The Extraterritorial Reach Of Sovereign Debt Enforcement, 12 Berkeley Bus. L.J. 111 (2015), Karen H. Cross
The Extraterritorial Reach Of Sovereign Debt Enforcement, 12 Berkeley Bus. L.J. 111 (2015), Karen H. Cross
UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship
A significant barrier to enforcing sovereign debt obligations in U.S. court has been finding and attaching non-immune assets of the foreign sovereign debtor. In June 2014, the U.S. Supreme Court issued decisions in litigation between Argentina and hedge fund NML Capital that will significantly benefit creditors in the enforcement process. In one decision, the Court affirmed an order to compel banks to provide information as to how Argentina moves its monetary assets around the world, finding that the U.S. Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA) does not limit a court's power to order post-judgment discovery. In the other decision, the Court …
Toward A Patent Exhaustion Regime For Sustainable Development, 32 Berkeley J. Int'l Law. 330 (2014), Benjamin Liu
Toward A Patent Exhaustion Regime For Sustainable Development, 32 Berkeley J. Int'l Law. 330 (2014), Benjamin Liu
UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship
This Article argues that the current exhaustion doctrine, when applied to the refurbishing industry, fails to balance its mandate of promoting technological progress with the broader program of sustainable development and is therefore unsuitable for countries on the modernization path. First, what constitutes an infringing “making” remains underdetermined. Second, the evidentiary hurdle for proving legal refurbishment is too onerous for the low margin and under-resourced refurbishing industry. Finally, the all-or-nothing approach to judging infringement fails to account for the nuanced cost-benefit nexus that exists between patentees, refurbishers, and society at large and discourages private ordering. To recalibrate the balance between …
Extraterritorial Protection Of Trade Secret Rights In China: Do Section 337 Actions At The Itc Really Prevent Trade Secret Theft Abroad?, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 523 (2012), Steven E. Feldman, Sherry L. Rollo
Extraterritorial Protection Of Trade Secret Rights In China: Do Section 337 Actions At The Itc Really Prevent Trade Secret Theft Abroad?, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 523 (2012), Steven E. Feldman, Sherry L. Rollo
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
With an ever increasing number of United States ("U.S.") companies conducting business abroad or conducting business with foreign entities there is more need than ever for the U.S. companies to consider how they can protect their intellectual property assets. The Federal Circuit‘s recent TianRui Grp.Co. v. Int’l Trade Comm’n and Amsted Indus. decision highlights the potential of section 337 of the U.S. Patent Act as a tool to prevent the exploitation of misappropriated trade secrets embodied in products that are imported into the United States. This article explores the potential impact of the TianRui decision on business practices abroad, particularly …
Converging Trends In Investment Treaty Practice, 38 N.C. J. Int’L & Com. Reg. 151 (2012), Karen H. Cross
Converging Trends In Investment Treaty Practice, 38 N.C. J. Int’L & Com. Reg. 151 (2012), Karen H. Cross
UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
International Arbitration Of Patent Disputes, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 384 (2011), Wei-Hua Wu
International Arbitration Of Patent Disputes, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 384 (2011), Wei-Hua Wu
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
This paper discusses the concept of using international arbitration as a method of resolving patent disputes. First, this paper examines the arbitrability of patent validity disputes from a public policy viewpoint. The question is whether, or to what extent, the subject matter of patent validity disputes may be settled by international commercial arbitration. Second, this paper provides suggestions on strategies for organizational decision-makers to consider whether it is proper to choose arbitration as a more favorable tool when confronted with a patent dispute. Finally, this paper discusses how to choose the seat of arbitral institution and the applicable law.
Post-Litigation Enforcement Of Remedial Orders Issued By The U.S. International Trade Commission In Section 337 Investigations, 8 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 248 (2009), Merritt R. Blakeslee
Post-Litigation Enforcement Of Remedial Orders Issued By The U.S. International Trade Commission In Section 337 Investigations, 8 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 248 (2009), Merritt R. Blakeslee
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
There is a common misperception that enforcement of International Trade Commission (“ITC”) remedial orders is automatic and self implementing. In reality, such remedial orders are not self-implementing, are less-than-perfect enforcement tools, and their effective enforcement carries with it a number of practical difficulties. This paper explores the realities of enforcing the ITC’s remedial orders – exclusion orders, consent orders, and cease-and-desist orders – with the goal of giving both complainants and respondents a heightened appreciation of the tactics and strategies that can be effectively deployed following the conclusion of a Section 337 investigation and the issuance of one or more …
The Distinctive Characteristics Of Section 337, 8 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 231 (2009), Jay H. Reiziss
The Distinctive Characteristics Of Section 337, 8 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 231 (2009), Jay H. Reiziss
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
In an investigation by the International Trade Commission (“ITC” or “Commission”) under Section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (“Section 337”) a complainant must satisfy two unique statutory criteria. First, a complainant must establish that the ITC has jurisdiction, usually by showing importation of an accused product. Second, a complainant must demonstrate that a domestic industry exists or is in the process of being established. A practitioner can be assured that the ITC’s jurisdiction is expansive and reaches foreign-based activities that affect U.S. commerce. Such actions can involve any unfair act and can be brought regardless of whether personal …
Gray Market Trademark Infringement Actions At The U.S. International Trade Commission: The Benefits Of The Forum And Analysis Of Relevant Cases, 8 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 271 (2009), Joseph H. Heckendorn, Lyle B. Vander Schaaf
Gray Market Trademark Infringement Actions At The U.S. International Trade Commission: The Benefits Of The Forum And Analysis Of Relevant Cases, 8 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 271 (2009), Joseph H. Heckendorn, Lyle B. Vander Schaaf
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
Trademark owners continue to enforce their trademarks against imports of gray market goods using Section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930. In comparison to the federal court alternative, the International Trade Commission (“ITC”) offers a number of distinct advantages. In addition, ITC decisions in In re Certain Agricultural Vehicles and Components Thereof and In re Certain Hydraulic Excavators and Components Thereof have clarified what is required to enforce trademarks at the ITC. Trademark owners should heed the recent ITC decisions in deciding how to curb imports of infringing gray market goods.
Three Questions That Will Make You Rethink The U.S.-China Intellectual Property Debate, 7 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 412 (2008), Peter K. Yu
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
Commentators have attributed China’s piracy and counterfeiting problems to the lack of political will on the part of Chinese authorities. They have also cited the many political, social, economic, cultural, judicial, and technological problems that have arisen as a result of the country’s rapid economic transformation and accession to the WTO. This provocative essay advances a third explanation. It argues that the failure to resolve piracy and counterfeiting problems in China can be partly attributed to the lack of political will on the part of U.S. policymakers and the American public to put intellectual property protection at the very top …
Trademarks And The Beijing Olympics: Gold Medal Challenges, 7 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 433 (2008), Doris E. Long
Trademarks And The Beijing Olympics: Gold Medal Challenges, 7 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 433 (2008), Doris E. Long
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
There is no question that the Summer Olympics in Beijing pose a tremendous marketing opportunity. They also pose a great opportunity for the development of effective techniques for enforcing intellectual property rights. China has already enacted special regulations governing the protection of Olympic symbols and has established special regulations governing the enforcement of those regulations. Yet many of the cultural and political issues that impact China’s enforcement activities in other arenas (including counterfeiting and piracy of IP protected goods and services) remain problematic. Furthermore, while the Olympic symbols may be the subject of heightened protection, cultural perceptions of the differences …
Parol Evidence Under The Cisg: The "Homeward Trend" Reconsidered, 68 Ohio St. L.J. 133 (2007), Karen H. Cross
Parol Evidence Under The Cisg: The "Homeward Trend" Reconsidered, 68 Ohio St. L.J. 133 (2007), Karen H. Cross
UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship
The CISG has been described as one of history 's most successful attempts to harmonize international commercial law. Consistent with its goal of harmonizing the law of international sales, Article 7(1) of the CISG instructs courts and arbitrators to interpret the Convention in light of "its international character and the need to promote uniformity in its application. " MCC-Marble v. Ceramica Nuova D'Agostina is a U.S. decision that has been praised for its adherence to Article 7(1). In contrast with conventional academic commentary, which praises MCC-Marble and criticizes the tendency of courts to interpret the CISG in light of their …
Dissonant Harmonization: Limitations On "Cash N' Carry" Creativity, 70 Alb. L. Rev. 1163 (2007), Doris E. Long
Dissonant Harmonization: Limitations On "Cash N' Carry" Creativity, 70 Alb. L. Rev. 1163 (2007), Doris E. Long
UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship
Even though creativity lies at the heart of present copyright laws, the impulse to create-or more precisely what triggers such creativity-remains largely unexamined. Coinciding with the digital demand for access to information, new standards for "cash 'n' carry" creativity are being urged with little regard to what level of authorial3 control may be required to ensure continued enrichment of the public domain through the creation of vibrant new works. Scientific, psychological, and sociological studies indicate that "cash 'n' carry" creativity fails to implement the critical triggering mechanisms for the creative impulse. Moreover, such "cash 'n' carry" attitudes toward authors' rights …
Gambling And The Law®: The International Law Of Remote Wagering, 40 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1159 (2007), I. Nelson Rose
Gambling And The Law®: The International Law Of Remote Wagering, 40 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1159 (2007), I. Nelson Rose
UIC Law Review
No abstract provided.
Traditional Knowledge And The Fight For The Public Domain, 5 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 317 (2006), Doris E. Long
Traditional Knowledge And The Fight For The Public Domain, 5 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 317 (2006), Doris E. Long
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
What are the challenges facing the protection of traditional knowledge internationally? Can the protection of such rights, which have traditionally existed outside the boundaries of intellectual property, be achieved in the face of current challenges to protections epitomized by such emerging international movements as enhanced access to information and culture as a human right? This article examines some of the emerging issues in this hotly contested area and suggests that such movements, which are not adverse to intellectual property and traditional knowledge rights, should be used to craft a new method for addressing the issue of traditional knowledge protection internationally.
A Question Of Justice: The Wto, Africa, And Countermeasures For Breaches Of International Trade, 38 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1153 (2005), Nsongurua J. Udombana
A Question Of Justice: The Wto, Africa, And Countermeasures For Breaches Of International Trade, 38 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1153 (2005), Nsongurua J. Udombana
UIC Law Review
No abstract provided.
China's Wto Accession: Economic, Legal, And Political Implications, 27 B.C. Int'l & Comp. L. Rev. 319 (2004), Karen H. Cross
China's Wto Accession: Economic, Legal, And Political Implications, 27 B.C. Int'l & Comp. L. Rev. 319 (2004), Karen H. Cross
UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship
This Article discusses the unparalleled economic, legal, and political change that has confronted China during WTO accession. The Article focuses on the relationship between China's unique WTO accession process and China's reform over the past two decades. The author suggests that WTO accession has acted as a lever for economic and legal reform by locking in reform and making it irrevocable. The Article begins with a historical background of China's long road to accession and the way that this process worked to further the previously instated economic reform program. Next, the Article analyzes the manner in which WTO accession has …
Facing The Challenge: Corruption State Capture And The Role Of Multinational Business, 37 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1181 (2004), Nikolay A. Ouzounov
Facing The Challenge: Corruption State Capture And The Role Of Multinational Business, 37 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1181 (2004), Nikolay A. Ouzounov
UIC Law Review
No abstract provided.
Global Antitrust Enforcement: The Sherman Act Does Not Apply Without Any Direct Domestic Effect, But Discovery Assistance May Be Available To Aid A Foreign Tribunal, According To The U.S. Supreme Court, 38 J. Marshall L. Rev. 495 (2004), Sue Ann Mota
UIC Law Review
No abstract provided.
“Democratizing” Globalization: Practicing The Policies Of Cultural Inclusion, 10 Cardozo J. Int'l & Comp. L. 217 (2002), Doris E. Long
“Democratizing” Globalization: Practicing The Policies Of Cultural Inclusion, 10 Cardozo J. Int'l & Comp. L. 217 (2002), Doris E. Long
UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
"Unitorrial" Marks And The Global Economy, 1 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 191 (2002), Doris E. Long
"Unitorrial" Marks And The Global Economy, 1 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 191 (2002), Doris E. Long
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
The early decades of the 21st Century may well become known in the annals of intellectual property development as the period when “everything old is new again.” There is one ancient doctrine that has not yet enjoyed a similar renaissance, despite its clear application to today’s new, global, digital economy. It is the old (and currently discredited) view that trademarks and other commercial symbols are universal in nature. First given credence in early US cases regarding the importation of grey market, or parallel imports, the doctrine of universality was gradually replaced by a view of trademarks as creatures of nation …