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Articles 1 - 30 of 247
Full-Text Articles in Comparative and Foreign Law
Research On The Dilemma And Improvement Of The Copyright Fair Use Doctrine Related To Machine Learning In China, 22 Uic Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 1 (2022), Yang Gao, Paul Kossof, Yan Dong
Research On The Dilemma And Improvement Of The Copyright Fair Use Doctrine Related To Machine Learning In China, 22 Uic Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 1 (2022), Yang Gao, Paul Kossof, Yan Dong
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
No abstract provided.
How Political Pressure Rigidifies Legal Formalism In China: A Small Tragedy Under Xi Jinping's Reform, 53 Uic J. Marshall L. Rev. 909 (2021), Yu Luo
UIC Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Right To Access The Sea And Why India Should Pioneer It, 53 Uic J. Marshall L. Rev. 947 (2021), Dhananjay Sahai, Prashant Khurana
The Right To Access The Sea And Why India Should Pioneer It, 53 Uic J. Marshall L. Rev. 947 (2021), Dhananjay Sahai, Prashant Khurana
UIC Law Review
No abstract provided.
Danning Zhu, How To Improve China’S Approach To Parallel Imports Of Goods Bearing Trademarks, 19 Uic Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 125 (2020), Danning Zhu
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
Parallel import, also known as grey market goods, refers to the act of importing goods to a country and selling in the country without the permission of the domestic owner of IP vested in the imported goods. The importer can obtain profits through the price differences between parallel imported products and domestic products of the same variety. China and the United States have huge differences in parallel import policies, even though both countries have participated in major international IP treaties. The United States requires that parallel imported goods bearing a genuine trademark or trade name registered in the United States …
Is The Emperor Still Far Away? Centralization, Professionalization, And Uniformity In China's Intellectual Property Reforms, 19 Uic Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 145 (2020), William Weightman
Is The Emperor Still Far Away? Centralization, Professionalization, And Uniformity In China's Intellectual Property Reforms, 19 Uic Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 145 (2020), William Weightman
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
As China’s rapid economic growth continues to slow, the Chinese Communist Party now seeks to promote innovation as the engine of future development. With this new economic agenda, reforms to China’s intellectual property rights (IPR) regime have emerged as a key policy domain as China attempts to build market-supporting institutions and improve law enforcement capabilities. By reviewing the legal frameworks supporting specific judicial reforms and through non-randomized, semistructured field interviews with lawyers, IP officials, and industry representatives, this article analyzes how China’s evolving legal institutions are increasing central control in the IP adjudication process, building judicial professionalism, and ensuring uniformity …
Harry Potter & The "Chinese" Philosopher’S Stone: Deconstructing Copyright Piracy Through Shanzhai, 19 Uic Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 101 (2020), Mark Edward Blankenship Jr.
Harry Potter & The "Chinese" Philosopher’S Stone: Deconstructing Copyright Piracy Through Shanzhai, 19 Uic Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 101 (2020), Mark Edward Blankenship Jr.
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
The United States still faces a disconnect with China regarding intellectual property piracy. Particularly, with regards to shanzhai copyrightable works of art, the U.S. labels these fake works as knock-offs, rip-offs, and counterfeits. However, China views shanzhai as a unique form of copying that embraces the “Chinese spirit,” due to its constant modification and hybridization, superior quality, transformativeness, and democratic energies. By understanding the peculiarities of shanzhai, both physical and abstract, as well as China’s copyright law and tradition, this paper proposes ways on how China can improve their copyright laws to improve how shanzhai is perceived and to curb …
Nationalizing Trips: An Examination Through Exceptions, 18 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 285 (2019), Evan Tallmadge
Nationalizing Trips: An Examination Through Exceptions, 18 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 285 (2019), Evan Tallmadge
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
What should not be patentable? The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (“TRIPS”) codifies certain categories of subject matter that nations can exclude from patent protection. This Article examines how nations have interpreted these exclusions through an analysis of their national manuals of patent examining procedure and more importantly what explicit exceptions to patentability these countries have listed. The Article proceeds to analyze both the similarities and differences in approaches towards exclusions that attempt to ban the same subject matter from patentability and differences in what countries have chosen to bar from patenting. The Article concludes with an …
Louboutin Heels And The Competition Goals Of Eu Trade Mark Law, 19 Uic Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 38 (2019), Cesar Ramirez-Montes
Louboutin Heels And The Competition Goals Of Eu Trade Mark Law, 19 Uic Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 38 (2019), Cesar Ramirez-Montes
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
This article critically examines the judicial applications of the EU functionality doctrine and argues that recent CJEU decisions are at odds with the EU legislator’s declared intention to give functionality a much greater role in promoting product market competition. As a statutory ground for refusing registration even in the presence of consumer association and established goodwill, EU functionality serves to avoid undue competitive advantages by refusing protection in support of freedom to compete. EU functionality represents a significant obstacle to registration for purely natural, technical and value adding signs representing the shape of the goods. As of 2015, the wording …
Understanding International Tax Avoidance And Tax Evasion Post-Tcja, 53 Uic J. Marshall L. Rev. 975 (2019), Jennifer Waclawik
Understanding International Tax Avoidance And Tax Evasion Post-Tcja, 53 Uic J. Marshall L. Rev. 975 (2019), Jennifer Waclawik
UIC Law Review
No abstract provided.
Failure Is Not Falling Down But Refusing To Get Up: Implication Of Huawei/Zte Framework (Cjeu 2015) In Europe, 17 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 326 (2018), Ashish Bharadwaj, Dipinn Verma
Failure Is Not Falling Down But Refusing To Get Up: Implication Of Huawei/Zte Framework (Cjeu 2015) In Europe, 17 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 326 (2018), Ashish Bharadwaj, Dipinn Verma
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
The jurisprudence on standard-essential patents (SEPs) has evolved substantially in the last few years, particularly in the European jurisdictions, where EU courts have dealt with certain FRAND and antitrust issues in an unambiguous and novel manner. The 2015 landmark judgement in Huawei v. ZTE by the Court of Justice of the European Union brought clarity in understanding ‘unwilling licensee’ and laid down terms under which the holder of a FRAND-compliant SEP can seek injunctive relief that does not amount to an abuse of its dominant position. Four important judgements in Germany followed, where the regional courts have applied the CJEU …
The Rise And Fall Of Fear Of Abuse In Consumer Bankruptcy: Most Recent Comparative Evidence From Europe And Beyond, 96 Tex. L. Rev. 1327 (2018), Jason Kilborn
UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship
Prepared for a symposium celebrating the groundbreaking career of Jay Westbrook, this Article examines recent evidence of fear of abuse of the benefits of consumer bankruptcy and the gradual abatement of that fear in modern consumer insolvency law reform. It marshals evidence of a recent and accelerating retreat in both the judicial discretion that Westbrook attributed to lawmakers' fear of abuse and other more direct techniques to avoid abusive recourse to consumer discharge. Fear of abuse appears to be diminishing with accumulated experience as indicated by recent liberalizing reforms in Denmark, Slovakia, Poland, Austria, Russia, and Romania. At the same …
Are Two Clauses Really Better Than One? Rethinking The Religion Clause(S), 80 U. Pitt. L. Rev. 1 (2018), Donald L. Beschle
Are Two Clauses Really Better Than One? Rethinking The Religion Clause(S), 80 U. Pitt. L. Rev. 1 (2018), Donald L. Beschle
UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship
The First Amendment begins with two references to the relationship between government and religion. The prohibition on establishment of religion and the guarantee of free exercise of religion, despite their obvious interaction, are generally regarded as separate clauses, and analyzed under tests developed under one or the other. The current state of Establishment Clause doctrine and Free Exercise doctrine is sharply contested and by no means clear. Supreme Court justices will usually classify a religious freedom case as either presenting non-establishment or free exercise issues. Having done so, they will apply the test framed for that clause. But does that …
Commercial Creations: The Role Of End User License Agreements In Controlling The Exploitation Of User Generated Content, 16 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 382 (2017), Neha Ahuja
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
This article considers the current licensing regime used to control the exploitation of copyright protected works within the online interactive entertainment sector—particularly virtual worlds including multiplayer online games—to further author new copyrightable works. This article aims to identify the gaps that have arisen on account of the nature of these subsequently authored works and the potential for their exploitation under the said licensing regime. Users and the proprietors of virtual worlds often end up in conflict over the monetization and commercialization of user generated content on account of contradictory yet overlapping rights created by copyright law when controlled by contract …
Restorative Justice In Chicago And Abroad: Comparing The Work Of The Community Of Sant’Egidio To The Restorative Justice In The United States, 50 J. Marshall L. Rev. 511 (2017), Sheila Murphy, Scott Priz
Restorative Justice In Chicago And Abroad: Comparing The Work Of The Community Of Sant’Egidio To The Restorative Justice In The United States, 50 J. Marshall L. Rev. 511 (2017), Sheila Murphy, Scott Priz
UIC Law Review
The first section of this article will describe what Restorative Justice is to get a better understanding of this alternative to the punitive criminal justice system. It will then describe the work done by the Community of Sant’Egidio in Rome through the lens of Restorative Justice. It will move on to the state of the criminal justice system in Cook County and the United States, particularly in how it treats criminal behavior. In particular, it will compare the work of Sant’Egidio to the Restorative Justice work being done by state Drug Treatment Courts. Federal reentry courts address the problems of …
Amici Curiae In The United States Supreme Court And The Australian High Court: A Lesson In Balancing Amicability, 51 J. Marshall L. Rev. 81 (2017), Benjamin Robert Hopper
Amici Curiae In The United States Supreme Court And The Australian High Court: A Lesson In Balancing Amicability, 51 J. Marshall L. Rev. 81 (2017), Benjamin Robert Hopper
UIC Law Review
No abstract provided.
A Study On The Legality Of Royalty Collection Clauses After Expiration Of Patent Rights, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 213 (2016), Wei-Lin Wang
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
Whether a contract clause may permit a patent owner to continuously collect royalty payments from a licensee after the expiration of its patent rights is a highly controversial issue in practice. Some believe that because patent rights are a kind of monopoly granted by the government, it shall not be extended after expiration; otherwise, it shall be regarded as patent misuse and/or unfair competition as the case may be. Nonetheless, others believe that this kind of clause is actually beneficial to a licensee because the licensee is allowed to make royalty payments throughout the whole patent term and even after …
Protecting Trade Secrets Under International Investment Law: What Secrets Investors Should Not Tell States, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 228 (2016), Daria Kim
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
The article addresses specifics of trade secret protection under international investment law. As a particular example, it analyzes protection of pharmaceutical regulatory data against the background of the growing public policy campaign for broader access to clinical trial data and the recent unprecedented practice of the European Medicines Agency of disclosing clinical dossiers submitted for drug marketing approval. Given the significant role of foreign direct investment in the global pharmaceutical industry and substantial, exponentially increasing costs incurred by drug originator companies in conducting clinical trials, the prospect of investor-state dispute over data disclosure does not appear purely hypothetical. The question …
Flexibilities Under Trips: An Analysis Of The Proposal For Reforming Brazilian Patent Law, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 150 (2016), Roberto Romandini
Flexibilities Under Trips: An Analysis Of The Proposal For Reforming Brazilian Patent Law, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 150 (2016), Roberto Romandini
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
This article analyses the proposal for reforming the Brazilian patent system pending before the Brazilian Parliament as Bill No. 5402/13. The proposed legislation addresses such issues as the assumed insufficiency of the inventive step requirement in preventing unjustified “monopolies,” the proliferation of so-called secondary patents, and the extension of market exclusivity positions through strategic filings, which are being debated also in Europe and the U.S. The proposed legislation offers an example for possible actions in these critical areas of the patent system. In doing so, it puts forward options that depart from consolidated Western normative patterns. In analyzing the reform …
From Tragedy To Triumph In The Pursuit Of Looted Art: Altmann, Benningson, Portrait Of Wally, Von Saher And Their Progeny, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 394 (2016), Donald Burris
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
This article is a broad and approachable overview of American law regarding the potential repatriation of Nazi-looted art—an area which the author and his now-retired partner, Randy Schoenberg, helped develop from the ground up starting with the development of the Altmann case, decided by the U.S. Supreme Court in 2004, and continuing on through a number of fascinating looted-art cases of a more recent vintage. Parts of the article read as much like a detective story as a summary of cases and Mr. Burris has been kind enough to share both his approach to these cases and his prognosis for …
The Destruction Of Cultural Heritage: A Crime Against Property Or A Crime Against People?, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 336 (2016), Patty Gerstenblith
The Destruction Of Cultural Heritage: A Crime Against Property Or A Crime Against People?, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 336 (2016), Patty Gerstenblith
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
The destruction of cultural heritage has played a prominent role in the ongoing conflicts in Syria and Iraq and in the recent conflict in Mali. This destruction has displayed the failure of international law to effectively deter these actions. This article reviews existing international law in light of this destruction and the challenges posed by the issues of non-international armed conflict, non-state actors and the military necessity exception. By examining recent developments in applicable international law, the article proposes that customary international law has evolved to interpret existing legal instruments and doctrines concerning cultural heritage in light of the principles …
Where Are We And Where Are We Going: Legal Developments In Cultural Property And Nazi Art Looting, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 435 (2016), Thomas Kline
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
No abstract provided.
Let It Go? A Comparative Analysis Of Copyright Law And Enforcement In The United States Of America And China, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 584 (2016), Kevin Fleming
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
Cheap, knockoff designer items have flooded the streets of China for years. These products infringe on the copyrights of the manufacturers but are rarely enforced. China has attempted to revise their copyright laws to offer more protection to copyright owners, but this has not yet occurred. This comment examines two recent occurrences of copyrighted works in the United States of America being infringed upon in China. This comment examines the how a court or tribunal would rule applying American copyright law and Chinese Copyright law, while also examining the possible remedies that could result. This comment also proposes possible solutions …
Nagpra And Its Limitations: Repatriation Of Indigenous Cultural Heritage, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 472 (2016), Kevin Ray
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
The historical conditions under which indigenous (and specifically Native American) cultural heritage objects have been collected present tremendous difficulties, since collecting efforts were frequently influenced, or even directed, by racist or colonialist ideologies. Recent decades have seen efforts to redress past wrongs, as well as to correct misunderstandings and misrepresentations. The restitution and repatriation processes of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act of 1990, enacted as human rights legislation, provide powerful, but imperfect tools for the protection of Native American cultural heritage. The challenges are both domestic and international. Recent French auction sales of Hopi, Zuni, and Navajo …
Amber Tears And Copyright Fears: The Inadequate Protection Of Cultural Heritage In The United States, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 543 (2016), Ingrida Latoza
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
The United States is comprised of many different cultural communities, each rich with expressions of language and custom. Cultural diversity promotes respect among individuals and harmonizes differences between communities—nationally and globally. Through the preservation of cultural heritage, diversity is maintained. Since World War II, with the exile of many from Lithuania, members of the Lithuanian-American community have strived to maintain the cultural heritage of their beloved homeland. After several decades, a Lithuanian-American cultural identity has developed, creating unique and individual traditions, adding to the cultural heritage of the United States as a whole. Most of the international community has adopted …
Illusory Borders: The Myth Of The Modern Nation-State And Its Impact On The Repatriation Of Cultural Artifacts, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 486 (2016), Lubna El-Gendi
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
While the current world order of independent nation-states may seem like a natural state that has existed for centuries, in reality, it is a relatively new development that was forged after the demise of imperial rule. Yet, the nation-state is the foundational entity of our current international political and legal framework. International treaties and relations are structured around the nation-state, which is recognized as the core entity in which rights are vested and on which obligations are imposed. This prioritization of the nation-state leads to issues when we consider the repatriation of cultural heritage, particularly in light of the history …
Beyond The Destruction Of Syria: Considering A Future In Syria And The Protection Of The Right To Culture, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 522 (2016), Sarah Dávila-Ruhaak
Beyond The Destruction Of Syria: Considering A Future In Syria And The Protection Of The Right To Culture, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 522 (2016), Sarah Dávila-Ruhaak
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
Although the right to culture has been widely recognized under international human rights, its reach and practical application has been limited in cultural preservation efforts. Individuals and communities that attempt to be part of the decision-making process in preservation efforts often face barriers to access in that process. The need to re-conceptualize the right to culture is vital for its protection and preservation. This article proposes that the right to self-determination must be utilized as a core fundamental principle that enables a disenfranchised individual or community to have ownership in preservation efforts and decide how to shape their identity. It …
The Art Of Food Placement: Will The U.S. Follow Germany's Lead In Copyrighting Artistic Food Placement?, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 565 (2016), Julianna Walo
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
Recently, German courts created groundbreaking precedent allowing copyright protection for the artistic placement of food on a plate. The rulings allow chefs to prohibit people from taking pictures of the copyrighted food placement. While Germany’s moral-based legal system allows for such copyright protections, this comment compares the U.S. legal system to that of Germany and examines if and how such copyright protection could extend to food placement in the U.S.
Cultural Plunder And Restitution And Human Identity, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 460 (2016), Ori Soltes
Cultural Plunder And Restitution And Human Identity, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 460 (2016), Ori Soltes
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
No abstract provided.
The Examination Effect: A Comparison Of The Outcome Of Patent Examination In The Us, Europe And Australia, 16 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 21 (2016), Andrew Christie, Chris Dent, John Liddicoat
The Examination Effect: A Comparison Of The Outcome Of Patent Examination In The Us, Europe And Australia, 16 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 21 (2016), Andrew Christie, Chris Dent, John Liddicoat
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
The article provides an answer to a question that, rather surprisingly, has not been addressed in the academic literature to date: What is the practical effect of patent examination? It does so by undertaking an empirical analysis of the examination of nearly 500 patent applications, filed in identical form, in three patent offices: the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), the European Patent Office (EPO), and the Australian Patent Office (APO). By comparing the form of claim 1 as granted with claim 1 in the patent application, we can identify whether there is any meaningful difference between the two …
Treating The New European Disease Of Consumer Debt In A Post-Communist State: The Groundbreaking New Russian Personal Insolvency Law, 41 Brook. J. Int'l L. 655 (2016), Jason J. Kilborn
UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship
This article examines the tumultuous transition from restrictive Communism to the debt-fueled consumer economy of modern Russia. In particular, it surveys Russia’s legal response to severe debt distress, situating it in the context of nearly one thousand years of historical development. Effective 1 October 2015, Russia finally joined most of its European neighbors in adopting a personal bankruptcy law, with characteristics that reflect both evolving international best practices and a series of lessons not learned. This article offers the first detailed exposition in English of the two steps forward represented by this new law, as well as an evaluation of …