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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Mechanical Engineering
Decellularized Articular Cartilage Microgels As Microcarriers For Expansion Of Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Esmaiel Jabbari, Azadeh Sepahvandi
Decellularized Articular Cartilage Microgels As Microcarriers For Expansion Of Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Esmaiel Jabbari, Azadeh Sepahvandi
Faculty Publications
Conventional microcarriers used for expansion of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) require detachment and separation of the cells from the carrier prior to use in clinical applications for regeneration of articular cartilage, and the carrier can cause undesirable phenotypic changes in the expanded cells. This work describes a novel approach to expand hMSCs on biomimetic carriers based on adult or fetal decellularized bovine articular cartilage that supports tissue regeneration without the need to detach the expanded cells from the carrier. In this approach, the fetal or adult bovine articular cartilage was minced, decellularized, freeze-dried, ground, and sieved to produce articular …
Hybrid Concentrated Solar Thermal Power Systems: A Review, Kody M. Powell, Khalid Rashid, Kevin Ellingwood, Jake Tuttle, Brian D. Iverson
Hybrid Concentrated Solar Thermal Power Systems: A Review, Kody M. Powell, Khalid Rashid, Kevin Ellingwood, Jake Tuttle, Brian D. Iverson
Faculty Publications
Concentrated solar power (CSP), or solar thermal power, is an ideal technology to hybridize with other energy technologies for power generation. CSP shares technology with conventional power generation and can be readily integrated with other energy types into a synergistic system, which has many potential benefits including increased dispatchability and reliability, improved efficiency, reduced capital costs through equipment sharing, and the opportunity for flexible operation by alternating between energy sources. Another advantage of CSP technology is the ability to readily store via thermal energy storage (TES), making the intermittent solar resource dispatchable. A review of CSP hybridization strategies with coal, …
Size-Controlled Large-Diameter And Few-Walled Carbon Nanotube Catalysts For Oxygen Reduction, Xianliang Wang, Qing Li, Hengyu Pan, Ye Lin, Yujie Ke, Haiyang Sheng, Mark T. Swihart, Gang Wu
Size-Controlled Large-Diameter And Few-Walled Carbon Nanotube Catalysts For Oxygen Reduction, Xianliang Wang, Qing Li, Hengyu Pan, Ye Lin, Yujie Ke, Haiyang Sheng, Mark T. Swihart, Gang Wu
Faculty Publications
We demonstrate a new strategy for tuning the size of large-diameter and few-walled nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) from 50 to 150 nm by varying the transition metal (TM = Fe, Co, Ni or Mn) used to catalyze graphitization of dicyandiamide. Fe yielded the largest tubes, followed by Co and Ni, while Mn produced a clot-like carbon morphology. We show that morphology is correlated with electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). A clear trend of Fe > Co > Ni > Mn for the ORR catalytic activity was observed, in both alkaline media and more demanding acidic media. The Fe-derived N-CNTs exhibited …
Stabilizing Electrochemical Carbon Capture Membrane With Al2O3 Thin-Film Overcoating Synthesized By Chemical Vapor Deposition, Jingjing Tong, Fengzhan Si, Lingling Zhang, Jie Fang, Minfang Han, Kevin Huang
Stabilizing Electrochemical Carbon Capture Membrane With Al2O3 Thin-Film Overcoating Synthesized By Chemical Vapor Deposition, Jingjing Tong, Fengzhan Si, Lingling Zhang, Jie Fang, Minfang Han, Kevin Huang
Faculty Publications
Development of high-efficiency and cost-effective carbon capture technology is a central element of our effort to battle the global warming and climate change. Here we report that the unique high-flux and high-selectivity of electrochemical silver-carbonate dual-phase membranes can be retained for an extended period of operation by overcoating the surfaces of porous silver matrix with a uniform layer of Al2O3 thin-film derived from chemical vapor deposition.
Order-Disorder Transition Of Aragonite Nanoparticles In Nacre, Zaiwang Huang, Xiaodong Li
Order-Disorder Transition Of Aragonite Nanoparticles In Nacre, Zaiwang Huang, Xiaodong Li
Faculty Publications
Understanding nacre’s bottom-up biomineralization mechanism, particularly, how individual aragonite platelets are formed, has long remained elusive due to its crystallographic peculiarity and structural complexity. Here we report that crystallographic order-disorder transition can be triggered within individual aragonite platelets in pristine nacre by means of heat treatment and/or inelastic deformation, offering a unique opportunity to discriminate mysterious aragonite nanoparticles in transmission electron microscopy. Our findings unambiguously uncover why aragonite nanoparticles in pristine nacre have long been inaccessible under TEM observation, which is attributed to the monocrystal-polycrystal duality of the aragonite platelet. The underlying physical mechanism for why an individual aragonite platelet …
Investigation Of Carbon Corrosion Resistance Of Cnt Containing Electrode, Diana Larrabee, William A. Rigdon, Eli Mcpherson, Joshua Sightler, Xinyu Huang
Investigation Of Carbon Corrosion Resistance Of Cnt Containing Electrode, Diana Larrabee, William A. Rigdon, Eli Mcpherson, Joshua Sightler, Xinyu Huang
Faculty Publications
Carbon support corrosion is one of the major degradation mechanisms of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell. Carbon oxidation occurs in PEM electrode and is accelerated at high potential created by adverse operating conditions and improper distribution of reactants and products [1, 2, 3]. Carbon corrosion can lead to the thinning of the electrode layer and severe performance degradation. The detailed mechanisms of carbon support corrosion induced performance loss are still not fully understood; it is believed that the following events contribute to the decay: (1) structural collapse of the porous electrode due to the loss of carbon; (2) carbon …
Mechanical Characterization Of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane With Optical Methods, Xinyu Huang, Luis Alva, Jay Neutzler
Mechanical Characterization Of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane With Optical Methods, Xinyu Huang, Luis Alva, Jay Neutzler
Faculty Publications
Mechanical properties of polymer electrolyte membrane have important implications in the endurance of many electrochemical energy conversion devices [1]. Mechanical experiments are effective method to reveal discrete damage developed in the membrane by quantifying the change of mechanical strength and toughness. Regular strain measurement methods are overly intrusive to the thin and relatively fragile polymer electrolyte membrane; hence optical-based minimal invasive stress/strain measurement methods are studied.
Optical Cell For Combinatorial In Situ Raman Spectroscopic Measurements Of Hydrogen Storage Materials At High Pressures And Temperatures, Jason R. Hattrick-Simpers, Wilbur S. Hurst, Sesha S. Srinivasan, James E. Maslar
Optical Cell For Combinatorial In Situ Raman Spectroscopic Measurements Of Hydrogen Storage Materials At High Pressures And Temperatures, Jason R. Hattrick-Simpers, Wilbur S. Hurst, Sesha S. Srinivasan, James E. Maslar
Faculty Publications
An optical cell is described for high-throughput backscattering Raman spectroscopic measurements of hydrogen storagematerials at pressures up to 10 MPa and temperatures up to 823 K. High throughput is obtained by employing a 60 mm diameter × 9 mm thick sapphire window, with a corresponding 50 mm diameter unobstructed optical aperture. To reproducibly seal this relatively large window to the cell body at elevated temperatures and pressures, a gold o-ring is employed. The sample holder-to-window distance is adjustable, making this cell design compatible with optical measurement systems incorporating lenses of significantly different focal lengths, e.g., microscope objectives and single element …
Inhomogeneous Degradation Of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane In Pem Fuel Cells, Xinyu Huang, Wonseok Yoon
Inhomogeneous Degradation Of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane In Pem Fuel Cells, Xinyu Huang, Wonseok Yoon
Faculty Publications
Membrane durability is one of the technical barriers for the commercialization of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells. Membrane embrittlement (a form of mechanical weakening) can lead to the frequently observed “sudden death” behavior of PEM fuel cells. It is the objective of this study to explore the fundamental mechanisms of the mechanical weakening of perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) based electrolyte membranes during the accelerated degradation test.
Accelerated Testing Method For Pem Fuel Cell Based Uninterrupted Power Supply Systems, Xinyu Huang, Xiaofeng Wang
Accelerated Testing Method For Pem Fuel Cell Based Uninterrupted Power Supply Systems, Xinyu Huang, Xiaofeng Wang
Faculty Publications
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell based power systems are on the verge of commercialization for a number of niche applications where batteries are traditionally used. Uninterrupted power supply (UPS) for wireless communication towers and broadband network relay utilities is one of the targeted application of fuel cell power systems with capacity ranging from one to serveral kilowatts. It is believed that fuel cell based UPS systems can offer considerable advantage when extended backup time is desirable. In order to replace the well-known battery based UPS systems, the reliability and perofrmance of fuel cell based UPS system need to be thoroughly …
High-Pressure Torsion-Induced Grain Growth In Electrodeposited Nanocrystalline Ni, X. Z. Liao, A. R. Kilmametov, R. Z. Valiev, Hongsheng Gao, Xiaodong Li, A. K. Mukherjee, J. F. Blingert, Y. T. Zhu
High-Pressure Torsion-Induced Grain Growth In Electrodeposited Nanocrystalline Ni, X. Z. Liao, A. R. Kilmametov, R. Z. Valiev, Hongsheng Gao, Xiaodong Li, A. K. Mukherjee, J. F. Blingert, Y. T. Zhu
Faculty Publications
Deformation-induced grain growth has been reported in nanocrystalline (nc) materials under indentation and severe cyclic loading, but not under any other deformation mode. This raises an issue on critical conditions for grain growth in nc materials. This study investigates deformation-induced grain growth in electrodeposited nc Ni during high-pressure torsion (HPT). Our results indicate that high stress and severe plastic deformation are required for inducing grain growth, and the upper limit of grain size is determined by the deformation mode and parameters. Also, texture evolution suggests that grain-boundary-mediated mechanisms played a significant role in accommodating HPT strain.
Characterization Of The Si/Sio2 Interface Formed By Remote Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition From Sih4/N2O With Or Without Chlorine Addition, Young-Bae Park, Xiaodong Li, Shi-Woo Rhee
Characterization Of The Si/Sio2 Interface Formed By Remote Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition From Sih4/N2O With Or Without Chlorine Addition, Young-Bae Park, Xiaodong Li, Shi-Woo Rhee
Faculty Publications
The Si/SiO2interface formed by remote plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RPECVD) at low temperature with SiH4/N2O or SiH4/N2O/Cl2 was studied and compared with thermal oxidation. The interface of the CVD SiO2 without chlorine addition is rougher than that with chlorine addition. But the surface roughness of CVD SiO2 films increases with chlorine addition. The thermal oxidation induces strong interface strains, and the strains generated by the CVD SiO2 without chlorine addition are stronger and are distributed more nonuniformly than those by the chlorinated SiO2. …
Structural Characterization Of Aluminum Films Deposited On Sputtered-Titanium Nitride/ Silicon Substrate By Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition From Dimethylethylamine Alane, Xiaodong Li, Byoung-Youp Kim, Shi-Woo Rhee
Structural Characterization Of Aluminum Films Deposited On Sputtered-Titanium Nitride/ Silicon Substrate By Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition From Dimethylethylamine Alane, Xiaodong Li, Byoung-Youp Kim, Shi-Woo Rhee
Faculty Publications
Alfilmsdeposited on sputtered‐TiN/Si substrate by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition(MOCVD) from dimethylethylamine alane (DMEAA) were characterized using x‐ray diffraction(XRD),Auger electron spectroscopy(AES),atomic force microscopy(AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The TiN filmsputtered on the Si has a preferred orientation along the growth direction with the 〈111〉 of the film parallel to the Si〈111〉. Sputtering of the TiN film on the Si induced strains at the interface. The TiN/Si interface is flat while the Al/TiN interface is rough. There exist many dislocations at the Al/TiN interface. The Al2O3 phase was formed at the Al/TiN interface during the early stages of …