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Articles 1 - 30 of 94
Full-Text Articles in Controls and Control Theory
Round Trip Time Measurement Over Microgrid Power Network, Yasin Emir Kutlu, Ruairí De Fréin, Malabika Basu, Ali Malik
Round Trip Time Measurement Over Microgrid Power Network, Yasin Emir Kutlu, Ruairí De Fréin, Malabika Basu, Ali Malik
Conference papers
A focus of the Power Systems and Networking communities is the design and deployment of Microgrid (MG) integration systems that ensure that quality of service targets are met for load sharing systems at different endpoints. This paper presents an integrated Microgrid testbed that allows Microgrids endpoints to share their current, voltage and power values using a Network Published Shared Variable (NPSV) approach. We present Round Trip Time (RTT) measurements for time sensitive Microgrid control traffic in the presence of varying background traffic as an example quality of service measurement. Numerical results are presented using a range of different background traffic …
Poster: Round Trip Time Measurement Over Microgrid Power Network, Yasin Emir Kutlu, Ruairí De Fréin, Malabika Basu, Ali Malik
Poster: Round Trip Time Measurement Over Microgrid Power Network, Yasin Emir Kutlu, Ruairí De Fréin, Malabika Basu, Ali Malik
Conference papers
A focus of the Power Systems and Networking communities is the design and deployment of Microgrid (MG) integration systems that ensure that quality of service targets are met for load sharing systems at different endpoints. This paper presents an integrated Microgrid testbed that allows Microgrids endpoints to share their current, voltage and power values using a Network Published Shared Variable (NPSV) approach. We present Round Trip Time (RTT) measurements for time sensitive Microgrid control traffic in the presence of varying background traffic as an example quality of service measurement. Numerical results are presented using a range of different background traffic …
Integrated Dc Microgrid Testbed For Qos Evaluation, Yasin Emir Kutlu, Ruairí De Fréin, Malabika Basu, Ali Malik
Integrated Dc Microgrid Testbed For Qos Evaluation, Yasin Emir Kutlu, Ruairí De Fréin, Malabika Basu, Ali Malik
Conference papers
This poster describes the development of an integrated Direct Current (DC) Microgrid (MG) testbed, consisting of power system and computer networking hardware, e.g. Cisco 4331 Integrated Services Routers (ISR) and 500W AC/DC power supplies, to test the Quality of Service (QoS) of MG control packets which are delivered over Layer-2 and Layer-3 networking topologies. It facilitates an examination of control packets between MG end-points, that enable real-time power load sharing, in the presence of background computer network traffic such as video streaming. The effects of difference levels of background traffic on the round trip time of control packets are demonstrated.
Monitoring And Regression Based Modelling Of End Winding Vibration In Large Synchronous Generators., David Shally
Monitoring And Regression Based Modelling Of End Winding Vibration In Large Synchronous Generators., David Shally
Masters
This research project was set up to monitor, on an ongoing basis, the condition of the end windings and their support structures of a 288 MVA 2-pole synchronous generator with a known end winding vibration problem Excessive vibration at the end windings was caused by the natural frequencies of individual end bars (local) and of the entire end winding structure (global) being at or close to the magnetic forcing frequency of 100 Hz. Resonant vibration such as this has been a cause of major failures in machines of the same type in the past, resulting in significant down time ranging …
A Teaching Practice Review Of The Use Of Multiple-Choice Questions For Formative And Summative Assessment Of Student Work On Advanced Undergraduate And Postgraduate Modules In Engineering, Aidan O'Dwyer
Articles
This paper reflects on, reports on and evaluates the use of multiple-choice questions, in both formative and summative assessment modes, on control engineering modules taken by advanced undergraduate and postgraduate engineering students, over four academic years. The material covered by the modules is analytical in nature. The rationale for examining the assessment strategy was the poor performance by students in a closed book traditional terminal examination on one of the advanced undergraduate modules over some years. The change in assessment strategy has improved student learning, as measured by assessment data; student feedback on the assessment methods is broadly positive. The …
Integration Of Upqc For Power Quality Improvement In Distributed Generation Network – A Review, Shafiuzzaman Khan Khadem, Malabika Basu, Michael Conlon
Integration Of Upqc For Power Quality Improvement In Distributed Generation Network – A Review, Shafiuzzaman Khan Khadem, Malabika Basu, Michael Conlon
Conference Papers
In this paper a technical review of the integration of a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) in a distributed generation network is presented. Although the primary task of UPQC is to minimize grid voltage and load current disturbances along with reactive and harmonic power compensation, additional functionalities such as compensation of voltage interruption and active power transfer to the load and grid have also been identified. Connection methodologies with their advantages and disadvantages are also described. Recent improvements in capacity expansion techniques and future trends for the application of UPQC in distributed modes are also identified.
Intelligibility Of Electrolarynx Speech Using A Novel Hands-Free Actuator, Brian Madden, Mark Nolan, Ted Burke, James Condron, Eugene Coyle
Intelligibility Of Electrolarynx Speech Using A Novel Hands-Free Actuator, Brian Madden, Mark Nolan, Ted Burke, James Condron, Eugene Coyle
Conference Papers
During voiced speech, the larynx provides quasi-periodic acoustic excitation of the vocal tract. In most electrolarynxes, mechanical vibrations are produced by a linear electromechanical actuator, the armature of which percusses against a metal or plastic plate at a frequency within the range of glottal excitation. In this paper, the intelligibility of speech produced using a novel hands-free actuator is compared to speech produced using a conventional electrolarynx. Two able-bodied speakers (one male, one female) performed a closed response test containing 28 monosyllabic words, once using a conventional electrolarynx and a second time using the novel design. The resulting audio recordings …
Augmented Control Of A Hands-Free Electrolarynx, Brian Madden, James Condron, Eugene Coyle
Augmented Control Of A Hands-Free Electrolarynx, Brian Madden, James Condron, Eugene Coyle
Conference Papers
During voiced speech, the larynx acts as the sound source, providing a quasi-periodic excitation of the vocal tract. Following a total laryngectomy, some people speak using an electrolarynx which employs an electromechanical actuator to perform the excitatory function of the absent larynx. Drawbacks of conventional electrolarynx designs include the monotonic sound emitted, the need for a free-hand to operate the device, and the difficulty experienced by many laryngectomees in adapting to its use. One improvement to the electrolarynx, which clinicians and users frequently suggest, is the provision of a convenient hands-free control facility. This would allow more natural use of …
Parallel Operation Of Inverters And Active Power Filters In Distributed Generation System: A Review, Shafiuzzaman Khan Khadem, Malabika Basu, Michael Conlon
Parallel Operation Of Inverters And Active Power Filters In Distributed Generation System: A Review, Shafiuzzaman Khan Khadem, Malabika Basu, Michael Conlon
Articles
In this paper a technical review of parallel operation of power electronics inverters for load sharing conditions in distributed generation (DG) network is presented. Emphasis is given to parallel operation of Active Power Filters (APFs) as they are widely used to mitigate load current disturbances into DG networks. Discussions on recent advances in control strategies as applied to APFs are presented.
Wavelet Based Islanding Detection Of Dc-Ac Inverter Interfaced Dg Systems, Mohamed Moin Hanif, Malabika Basu, Kevin Gaughan
Wavelet Based Islanding Detection Of Dc-Ac Inverter Interfaced Dg Systems, Mohamed Moin Hanif, Malabika Basu, Kevin Gaughan
Conference papers
The increased penetration of distributed generation (DG) often connected to grid through dc-ac interface has made islanding detection an important and challenging issue to power engineers. Several methods based on passive and active detection scheme have been proposed in the literature. While passive schemes have a large non detection zone (NDZ), concern has been raised on active method due to its degrading power quality effect. This paper proposes a wavelet based passive islanding detection scheme with almost zero NDZ for dc-ac inverter interfaced grid connected DGs. The key idea is to utilize the spectral changes in the higher frequency components …
Novel Ac Side P&O Maximum Power Transfer Control For Grid Connected Photovoltaic Systems, Mohamed Moin Hanif, Malabika Basu, Kevin Gaughan
Novel Ac Side P&O Maximum Power Transfer Control For Grid Connected Photovoltaic Systems, Mohamed Moin Hanif, Malabika Basu, Kevin Gaughan
Conference papers
Grid connected Photovoltaic inverters can convert PV energy into electricity with very high efficiencies. Power from the PV panels fluctuates depending on various weather conditions. PV inverters usually include a maximum power point tracker (MPPT) to track this varying power, in order to transfer all the available power to the grid efficiently. Control of power transferred to the grid along with the MPPT plays a crucial role in determining the efficiency of a PV system. This paper discusses about the basic power transfer theory between sources (PV and Grid) and focuses on the need of a DC-DC boost circuit, along …
Real-Time Plasma Controlled Chemistry In A Two-Frequency, Confined Plasma Etcher, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Albert R. Ellingboe, Cezar Gaman, John V. Ringwood
Real-Time Plasma Controlled Chemistry In A Two-Frequency, Confined Plasma Etcher, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Albert R. Ellingboe, Cezar Gaman, John V. Ringwood
Articles
The physics issues of developing model-based control of plasma etching are presented. A novel methodology for incorporating real-time model-based control of plasma processing systems is developed. The methodology is developed for control of two dependent variables (ion flux and chemical densities) by two independent controls (27 MHz power and O2flow). A phenomenological physics model of the nonlinear coupling between the independent controls and the dependent variables of the plasma is presented. By using a design of experiment, the functional dependencies of the response surface are determined. In conjunction with the physical model, the dependencies are used to deconvolve the sensor …
Using Student Presentations For Learning And Assessment: Some Experiences, Aidan O'Dwyer
Using Student Presentations For Learning And Assessment: Some Experiences, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
This contribution reports on, reflects on and evaluates the author’s experiences, over a number of academic years, of using formal student presentations as a means of learning and assessment in a taught postgraduate programme in engineering at Dublin Institute of Technology. Students were asked to prepare PowerPoint presentations on individual engineering topics; relevant references in books and technical papers were provided as assistance. Peer assessment of the presentations was employed, following a structured guideline agreed with the students. The contribution discusses the peer assessment experience in detail, including formal student feedback on the process. Some analysis work suggests that there …
Electric-Powered Wheelchairs As An Assistive Technology, Aidan O'Dwyer, Malabika Basu, Eugene Coyle
Electric-Powered Wheelchairs As An Assistive Technology, Aidan O'Dwyer, Malabika Basu, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
This paper briefly outlines recent work done, particularly in control systems, for electric powered wheelchairs. These mobility aids, first developed in the 1950’s [1], were improved with the incorporation of microprocessors. The requirement for mobility aids in general is rising; for example, it is reckoned that 1.5% of the U.K. population require such aids. As an assistive technology, electric powered wheelchairs have many benefits. Nevertheless, a reliable and robust such wheelchair has still to evolve.
Practical Sensor For Measurement Of Nitrogen, Dusan Popovic, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Steven Daniels
Practical Sensor For Measurement Of Nitrogen, Dusan Popovic, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Steven Daniels
Articles
This paper presents a method for precise measurement of atomic and molecular nitrogen in an oxygen-nitrogen dc plasma. This is achieved by monitoring the intensities of the atomic nitrogen spectral line at 821.6 nm and the molecular nitrogen bandhead at 337.1 nm, relative to the atomic oxygen spectral line at 844.7 nm. Oxygen is one of the most frequently used gases for surface chemical treatment, including deposition and etching, therefore the ability to measure and control the process and chemical composition of the process is essential. To validate this oxygen actimometry method for N2-xO2 (where x varies from 0 to …
Stability Analysis And Control Synthesis Of Affine Fuzzy Systems, Ruiyao Gao, Aidan O'Dwyer
Stability Analysis And Control Synthesis Of Affine Fuzzy Systems, Ruiyao Gao, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
This paper presents an approach to stability analysis and control synthesis of affine fuzzy systems. The analysis is based on quadratic Lyapunov functions. The approach considers the nonlinear offset terms in affine fuzzy systems as non-vanishing perturbations added to the corresponding nominal linear blending systems. The affine fuzzy system is bounded by an ultimate limit if the corresponding linear blending system is exponentially stable. A state feedback controller with an extra term is designed with guaranteed global stability. The ultimate bounds are determined for both the open loop system and the compensated system.
Experiences With Virtual Learning Environments In Control Engineering Education, Aidan O'Dwyer
Experiences With Virtual Learning Environments In Control Engineering Education, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
The twin pressures of the need for students to learn a wider variety of concepts, ideally in a self-learning mode, and the reduction in class contact time has led to the use of increased levels of information technology in control engineering education. This paper reports on, reflects on, and evaluates the author’s use of virtual laboratories (computer based laboratories available on the internet) in control engineering modules at DIT Kevin St. The use of the virtual laboratories helps in the ongoing evolution of the teaching approach from a traditional didactic lecture and laboratory course to a more learner-centred approach. The …
Development Of The Analytical Design Method For Single Stage Phase Lead And Phase Lag Compensators, Aidan O'Dwyer
Development Of The Analytical Design Method For Single Stage Phase Lead And Phase Lag Compensators, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
The design of phase lead and phase lag compensators in the frequency domain, using the Bode diagram, is a commonly used method of designing control systems and is taught in many undergraduate and postgraduate courses in control engineering. The graphical trial and error procedure used may be replaced by an analytical procedure. However, the analytical approach tends to be formulated as a “black-box” approach in textbooks, without engineering insight. This paper presents the full development of the analytical design procedure. The instructional approach has been successfully used by the author over the past two academic years.
Some Aspects Of Process Control In Semiconductor Manufacturing, Keelin Relihan, Shane Geraghty, Aidan O'Dwyer
Some Aspects Of Process Control In Semiconductor Manufacturing, Keelin Relihan, Shane Geraghty, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
This paper outlines some aspects of process control in semiconductor manufacturing. Starting with an outline of the semiconductor manufacturing process, the contribution will discuss temperature control of the chemical vapour deposition stage and the control of the wafer etching process, based on the industrial experience of the first two authors. Subsequently, the authors draw the attention of the semiconductor manufacturing community to the potential of properly tuned PID controllers for the achievement of simple and high performance control solutions.
Hazardous Emissions Monitoring And Control, Aidan O'Dwyer, Jesus Cabello
Hazardous Emissions Monitoring And Control, Aidan O'Dwyer, Jesus Cabello
Conference papers
There is an increasing awareness in society of the need to protect our fragile environment. Meeting environmental requirements is recognised as one of the six 21st century business drivers for automatic control. Chemical companies, for example, use automatic control to minimise waste production because of increasing prohibitions against discharge and/or disposal of toxic substances. New plants are moving towards a “zero-discharge” concept [1]. In a recent report [2], greater emphasis on automatic control is suggested as a technological response of both the speciality chemicals and pharmaceutical sub-sectors to key business drivers up to 2015. This contribution reports on recent developments …
Identification Of A Time-Delayed Process Model Using An Overparameterisation Method, John Roe, Ruiyao Gao, Aidan O'Dwyer
Identification Of A Time-Delayed Process Model Using An Overparameterisation Method, John Roe, Ruiyao Gao, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
An extensive literature exists on the estimation of the model parameters of time-delayed processes. This paper briefly reviews the main overparameterisation methods for the Single-Input, Single Output (SISO) and Multi-Input, Multi-Output (MIMO) model parameter (and time delay) estimation problem. Subsequently, two algorithms, and their modifications, are discussed, and their performances are assessed in simulation. Results indicate that both the algorithms can suitably identify the model parameters, including the time delay. The third author has taught the method successfully to students taking advanced level control courses at DIT for a number of years; these experiences will be briefly reported. The paper …
Using Controller Tuning Formulae To Improve Performance, Aidan O'Dwyer
Using Controller Tuning Formulae To Improve Performance, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
The proportional integral derivative (PID) controller is the most dominant form of automatic controller in industrial use today. With this device, it is necessary to adjust the controller parameters according to the nature of the process. Thus, for effective control of a HVDC system, for example, specific values need to be chosen for the P, I and D parameters, which will be different for the values required to control, for example, an induction motor drive. This tailoring of controller to process is known as controller tuning. Controller tuning is easily and effectively performed using tuning rules (i.e. formulae for controller …
Latency Compensation Control Of Computer Based Control Systems, Aidan O'Dwyer
Latency Compensation Control Of Computer Based Control Systems, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
This paper discusses the use of a modified Smith predictor for latency (i.e. time delay) compensation, to assist in the implementation of network computer based control systems. Such systems typically have a variable time delay associated with the transfer of information; the modified Smith predictor is robust to time delay variations.
Performance Improvement Using Simple Pid Controller Tuning Formulae, Aidan O'Dwyer
Performance Improvement Using Simple Pid Controller Tuning Formulae, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
The proportional integral derivative (PID) controller is the most dominant form of automatic controller in industrial use today. With this technique, it is necessary to adjust the controller parameters according to the nature of the process. Thus, for effective control of a HVDC system, for example, specific values need to be chosen for the P, I and D parameters, which will be different for the values required to control, for example, an induction motor drive. This tailoring of controller to process is known as controller tuning. Controller tuning is easily and effectively performed using tuning rules (i.e. formulae for controller …
Reducing Energy Costs By Optimizing Controller Tuning, Aidan O'Dwyer
Reducing Energy Costs By Optimizing Controller Tuning, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
The proportional integral derivative (PID) controller is the most dominant form of automatic controller in industrial use today. With this technique, it is necessary to adjust the controller parameters according to the nature of the process. This tailoring of controller to process is known as controller tuning. Controller tuning is easily and effectively performed using tuning rules (i.e. formulae for controller tuning, based on process information). Such tuning rules allow the easy set up of controllers to achieve optimum performance at commissioning. Importantly, they allow ease of re-commissioning if the characteristics of the process change. The paper outlines the results …
A Case Study In Modeling And Process Control: The Control Of A Pilot Scale Heating And Ventilation System, Robin Mooney, Aidan O'Dwyer
A Case Study In Modeling And Process Control: The Control Of A Pilot Scale Heating And Ventilation System, Robin Mooney, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
This paper details the control of a pilot scale laboratory heating and ventilation system. The system is represented in 2x2 multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) form. A process reaction curve identification technique was used to model (in first order lag plus delay - FOLPD - form) the flow process and temperature process portions of the system, over a range of operating conditions. Tests revealed that both processes were continuously non-linear. A gain scheduler with static decoupling was designed, using look-up tables, to continuously interpolate for the most suitable proportional-integral (PI) or proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller settings and decoupler gains. The contribution of this …
Pi And Pid Controller Tuning Rules: An Overview And Personal Perspective, Aidan O'Dwyer
Pi And Pid Controller Tuning Rules: An Overview And Personal Perspective, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
The ability of PI and PID controllers to compensate many practical processes has led to their wide acceptance in industrial applications. The requirement to choose two or three controller parameters is most easily done using tuning rules. Starting with a general discussion of industrial practice, the paper provides a survey of additional tuning rules for continuous-time PI and PID control of time-delayed single-input, single-output (SISO) processes, to those explored in a recent book by the author.
Experiences Of Learning And Teaching On A Taught Masters Course In Engineering: From A Didactic Approach To A More Student Centered Learning Approach, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
This paper reports on, reflects on, and evaluates the author’s experiences of teaching the Advanced Control module on the Masters degree in Advanced Engineering at Dublin Institute of Technology (DIT) over the past four academic years. The teaching approach has evolved from a traditional didactic lecture and laboratory course, with associated assessments, in the first academic year, to the implementation of a more learner-centred approach over the past two academic years. This new approach has been made possible by the appropriate use of real case studies, information technology tools, and web-based virtual laboratories. Assessment methodology has also evolved. In the …
Enhancing Waste Management Through Automatic Control, Aidan O'Dwyer
Enhancing Waste Management Through Automatic Control, Aidan O'Dwyer
Conference papers
Meeting environmental requirements is recognised as one of the six 21st century business drivers for automatic control. The proportional integral (PI) and proportional integral derivative (PID) controllers are the most dominant form of automatic controllers in industrial use today. With these techniques, it is necessary to adjust the controller parameters according to the nature of the process. Thus, for effective control of a heating, cooling and air-conditioning (HVAC) application, for example, specific values need to be chosen for the P, I and D parameters, which will be different for the values required to control, for example, a distillation column. This …
Controlled Braking Scheme For A Wheeled Walking Aid, Eugene Coyle, Aidan O'Dwyer, Eileen Young, Kevin Sullivan, A. Toner
Controlled Braking Scheme For A Wheeled Walking Aid, Eugene Coyle, Aidan O'Dwyer, Eileen Young, Kevin Sullivan, A. Toner
Conference papers
A wheeled walking aid with an embedded controlled braking system is described. The frame of the prototype is based on combining features of standard available wheeled walking aids. A braking scheme has been designed using hydraulic disc brakes to facilitate accurate and sensitive controlled stopping of the walker by the user, and if called upon, by automatic action. Braking force is modulated via a linear actuating stepping motor. A microcontroller is used for control of both stepper movement and for supervisory control. An encoder is used to supervise walker movement in terms of time, distance and speed.